Evolution and sedimentology of a channel fill in the sandy braided South Saskatchewan River and its comparison to the deposits of an adjacent compound bar

The depositional stratigraphy of within‐channel deposits in sandy braided rivers is dominated by a variety of barforms (both singular ‘unit’ bars and complex ‘compound’ bars), as well as the infill of individual channels (herein termed ‘channel fills’). The deposits of bars and channel fills define the key components of facies models for braided rivers and their within‐channel heterogeneity, knowledge of which is important for reservoir characterization. However, few studies have sought to address the question of whether the deposits of bars and channel fills can be readily differentiated from each other. This paper presents the first quantitative study to achieve this aim, using aerial images of an evolving modern sandy braided river and geophysical imaging of its subsurface deposits. Aerial photographs taken between 2000 and 2004 document the abandonment and fill of a 1·3 km long, 80 m wide anabranch channel in the sandy braided South Saskatchewan River, Canada. Upstream river regulation traps the majority of very fine sediment and there is little clay (< 1%) in the bed sediments. Channel abandonment was initiated by a series of unit bars that stalled and progressively blocked the anabranch entrance, together with dune deposition and stacking at the anabranch entrance and exit. Complete channel abandonment and subsequent fill of up to 3 m of sediment took approximately two years. Thirteen kilometres of ground‐penetrating radar surveys, coupled with 18 cores, were obtained over the channel fill and an adjacent 750 m long, 400 m wide, compound bar, enabling a quantitative analysis of the channel and bar deposits. Results show that, in terms of grain‐size trends, facies proportions and scale of deposits, there are only subtle differences between the channel fill and bar deposits which, therefore, renders them indistinguishable. Thus, it may be inappropriate to assign different geometric and sedimentological attributes to channel fill and bar facies in object‐based models of sandy braided river alluvial architecture.     

水平井开发储层地质建模

水平井的开发技术关键之一是建立油气藏的精细三雏地质模型,据此可以确定明确的地质目标.常规的储层地质建模忽视了水平井与地层在空间上的独特配置关系,无法体现和充分利用其在表征储层属性空间展布特征上的优势.这里着重讲述了针对水平井开发的储层地质建模,引入了水平井储层概念模型,探讨了平面单元网格划分模式,并以塔河1区三叠系下油...     

对国有地勘单位人力资源管理的对策建议

近年来,国有地勘单位在改革发展中,人力资源管理方面普遍存在职工观念滞后、冗员较多、员工积极性不高、人才流失等问题。以总局管理下的某地勘单位为例,对国有地勘单位人力资源现状及存在的主要问题进行了梳理,总结提出了在当前环境下加强人力资源管理的对策及建议：强化人力资源管理意识,营造适宜人才发展的良好氛围;完善用人机制,加大人力资本投入;实施人力资源综合发展战略,设计合理的人才培训计划;深入体制改革,激发员工创新的积极性。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987111000594

A new model is suggested for the history of the Baikal Rift,in deviation from the classic two-stage evolution scenario,based on a synthesis of the available data from the Baikal Basin and revised correlation between tectonic-lithological-stratigraphic complexes(TLSC) in sedimentary sections around Lake Baikal and seismic stratigraphic sequences(SSS) in the lake sediments.Unlike the previous models,the revised model places the onset of rifting during Late Cretaceous and comprises three major stages which are subdivided into several substages.The stages and the substages are separated by events of tectonic activity and stress reversal when additional compression produced folds and shear structures.The events that mark the stage boundaries show up as gaps,unconformities,and deformation features in the deposition patterns. The earliest Late Cretaceous-Oligocene stage began long before the India-Eurasia collision in a setting of diffuse extension that acted over a large territory of Asia.The NW-SE far-field pure extension produced an NE-striking half-graben oriented along an old zone of weakness at the edge of the Siberian craton.That was already the onset of rift evolution recorded in weathered lacustrine deposits on the Baikal shore and in a wedge-shaped acoustically transparent seismic unit in the lake sediments.The second stage spanning Late Oligocene-Early Pliocene time began with a stress change when the effect from the Eocene India-Eurasia collision had reached the region and became a major control of its geodynamics.The EW and NE transpression and shear from the collisional front transformed the Late Cretaceous half-graben into a U-shaped one which accumulated a deformed layered sequence of sediments.Rifting at the latest stage was driven by extension from a local source associated with hot mantle material rising to the base of the rifted crust.The asthenospheric upwarp first induced the growth of the Baikal dome and the related change from finer to coarser molasse deposition.With time,the upwarp became a more powerful stress source than the collision,and the stress vector returned to the previous NW-SE extension that changed the rift geometry back to a half-graben. The layered Late Pliocene-Quaternary subaerial tectonic-lithological-stratigraphic and the Quaternary submarine seismic stratigraphic units filling the latest half-graben remained almost undeformed.The rifting mechanisms were thus passive during two earlier stages and active during the third stage. The three-stage model of the rift history does not rule out the previous division into two major stages but rather extends its limits back into time as far as the Maastrichtian.Our model is consistent with geological, stratigraphic,structural,and geophysical data and provides further insights into the understanding of rifting in the Baikal region in particular and continental rifting in general.     

基于DTU的加速度强振动记录终端的设计

设计基于DTU的强振记录终端,采用SOC系列C8051F015型单片机对MEMS加速度计的输出信号进行A/D转换,监测待测体所经受的强振加速度值,并通过DTU内嵌的GPRS无线网络通讯方式将数据发送到远程数据中心.该系统具有体积小,安装与操作方便,免维护等特性.     

碳酸盐岩油气藏缝洞单元多学科综合划分方法研究——以塔里木盆地轮古11井区为例

对于已进入开发中后期的碳酸盐岩缝洞型油气藏,进行缝洞单元精细研究非常重要。盲目部署加密井,很容易导致因为所在单元的储量已被动用而失利。本文采用的碳酸盐岩缝洞单元多学科综合划分方法是:在有井控制的地区,首先分析井间连通性,然后结合生产动态、常规解析试井、流体性质、数值试井等多学科资料确定缝洞单元边界;在无井控制的地区,影响连通性最重要的主控因素是储层本身的相互连通性,其次才是断裂和裂缝,这时可在连通性约束下进行储层和裂缝预测,并以此为主要依据确定缝洞单元边界。对塔里木盆地轮古油气田轮古11井区划分出80个缝洞单元,其中有55个为储量未动用单元(潜力单元),并部署了一些加密井,已钻的XW1井获得了成功,投产初期日产油95t,不含水。     

浅析如何完善地勘单位财务管理运行机制

目前国有地勘单位已逐步形成的以事业为主体,以市场化经营为重要补充的发展模式,在新的发展模式下,需要有与之相适应的财务管理运行机制。本文浅析了在财务管理方面所存在的主要问题,并提出了完善财务管理运行机制的建议。     

西秦岭铅锌矿床的层控多样性与岩相、Ⅱ级构造单元控矿

通过系统归纳西秦岭铅锌矿床的赋矿地层、Ⅱ级构造单元控矿事实认为,矿床的层控多样性在矿田域表现为时控和岩相控矿,层、相、位控矿模式在矿田具有普遍性;在更大的区域上则主要表现为岩相和Ⅱ级构造单元控矿。板内环境下的拉张和陆内叠覆环境下的具走滑性质的俯冲分别形成了热水沉积型和沉积改造型铅锌矿床;沉积成矿期盆地的裂陷程度及改造成矿期沿深断裂活动的岩浆作用决定了铅锌矿床产出的Ⅱ级构造单元。控矿因素的地球化学表征为铁族元素、亲硫元素与亲石元素三位一体产出。     

中国南方震旦纪大地构造单元划分与地层分区

本文以板块理论为指导，重点探讨地层分区与大地构造单元划分及沉积相展布的关系，提出以构造为主导，构造－地层－沉积相三位一体的地层分区原则和方法。中国南方震旦纪基底构造格架是两隆一坳，即扬子板块、华夏板块及其间的华南残留盆地，晋宁运动使扬子板块与华夏板块拼接在一起，进入相对稳定的发展阶段。震旦纪沉积作用与相带展布与上述古构造格局是一致的。根据上述区划原则和古构造、沉积相的研究结论，将中国南方震旦系划分为２个Ⅰ级地层区，６个Ⅱ级地层分区和１２个Ⅲ级地层小区。     

新型矿用无缆钻孔测斜仪研究及应用

介绍新型矿用无缆钻孔测斜仪组成、工作方式、技术指标及关键部件设计等.通过煤矿井下钻孔使用,表明该无缆钻孔测斜仪设计合理,使用方便,精度达到测量要求.