鄂西走马地区大塘坡组顶部泥岩碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 年龄及其地质意义

地球在新元古代经历了Rodinia超大陆的聚合和解体,并发生了Sturtian和Marinoan两期全球规模的冰川事件。华南地区南华系古城组和南沱组冰碛岩分别对应Sturtian冰期和Marinoan冰期沉积记录,大塘坡组属于其间冰期沉积。对鄂西走马地区大塘坡组顶部泥岩中的碎屑锆石进行了LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年,锆石具有高Th/U比值（0.47～1.69）,并显示明显的振荡环带,为岩浆成因;62颗锆石的62个数据点分析,获得的60个谐和年龄分布在651～2435Ma,主要峰值为～794Ma。最年轻单颗锆石U-Pb年龄651±7.7Ma,结合前人研究认为华南地区Marinoan冰期启动时间应晚于651Ma;碎屑锆石为亲扬子型,可能来自鄂中古陆和扬子北缘;分布最集中的751～851Ma年龄段内～850Ma峰值记录了扬子地台与华夏褶皱带碰撞拼合事件,而～820Ma、～800Ma、～760Ma等峰值则揭示了与Rodinia超大陆解体有关的幕式岩浆活动。     

Two Neoarchean supercontinents? Evidence from the Paleoproterozoic

An unresolved question in Precambrian geology is the relationship between Archean crustal fragments that are now separated by younger orogens: were they once contiguous? Williams et al. (1991) proposed the name ‘Kenorland' for a speculative Neoarchean supercontinent comprising the Archean provinces in North America. Recently, a large number of ca. 2.5–2.0 Ga magmatic, metamorphic, detrital and xenocrystic ages have been reported from North America. We interpret that the wide geographic distribution and temporal spread of these ages may signify long-lived, regional-scale mantle upwelling, and anorogenic magmatic and metamorphic processes related to the protracted breakup of Kenorland. Breakup may have extended from ca. 2.5 to 2.1 Ga, culminating with dispersion of continental fragments at ca. 2.1–2.0 Ga. In North America, ca. 2.5–2.1 Ga intracratonic basin successions (e.g. Hurwitz Group) formed in the interior of Kenorland before dispersion, and passive margin sequences flanking the Superior Province (e.g. Huronian Supergroup) and the Wyoming Province (e.g. Snowy Pass Supergroup) defined the edges of Kenorland. Earliest Paleoproterozoic magmatic and sedimentary rocks, which include voluminous quartz arenites and glacigenic deposits, are consistent with a high-standing supercontinent and a mantle superplume. The Paleoproterozoic record from the Baltic and Siberian shields is similar to that of North America, suggesting inclusion in Kenorland. A slightly different record from the southern continents suggests a second, coexisting supercontinent that included the Zimbabwe, Kaapvaal, and Pilbara cratons, (‘Zimvaalbara' of I.G. Stanistreet), the São Francisco Craton, and possibly, cratonic blocks in India. Attenuation of this second supercontinent started earlier than in Kenorland (ca. 2.65 Ga) and was accompanied by high sea level and deposition of vast Lake Superior-type iron formations. Immediately thereafter, both supercontinents became emergent and were subject to global cooling and glaciation.     

Continental flood basalts of the Huashan Group,northern margin of the Yangtze block – implications for the breakup of Rodinia

It is generally accepted that Neoproterozoic extension and dispersal of the supercontinent Rodinia was associated with mantle plume or superplume activities. However, plume-generated contemporaneous continental flood basalts (CFBs) have rarely been identified. In this study, we present geochronological and geochemical evidence for the basalts from the Liufangzui Formation of the Huashan Group in the Dahongshan region of east-central China. A representative sample yields a SHRIMP U–Pb zircon age of 824 ± 9 Ma, interpreted as the crystallization age of the rocks. Geochemically, these basalts belong to the subalkaline tholeiite series and display slight enrichments in light rare earth elements (LREE) and varying degrees of deficiency of high field strength elements (HFSE) such as Nb, Ta, and Ti. This pattern is very similar to that of CFBs from the Bikou Group and Tiechuanshan Formation in the northwestern Yangtze block in China and Siberia in Russia. The basaltic magmas underwent partially-fractional crystallization during ascent, but were not intensely influenced by crustal contamination. The characteristic element ratios and negative Hf isotopic analyses (?_Hf(t) = ?6.6–2.6) in zircons indicate that the parental magmas of the basalts might have been derived from an enriched lithospheric mantle rather than from the depleted mantle such as normal mid-ocean ridge basalts (N-MORBs). The geochemical signatures and regional geological characteristics show that these basalts were formed along intraplate continental rifts rather than in island arcs or ocean basins. Considering the coeval basic volcanic rocks in South China, we propose that these Huashan Group basalts represent the remnants of plume-generated CFBs and have close spatiotemporal ties with a coeval basic igneous province in Australia. Our results support the Neoproterozoic location of the South China block adjacent to southeastern Australia in the reconstruction model of the supercontinent Rodinia.     

Mid-Late Neoproterozoic China： Geological records Rodinia rift-related volcanic rocks in of rifting and break-up of

Early Cambrian and Mid-Late Neoproterozoic volcanic rocks in China are widespread on several Precambrian continental blocks,which had aggregated to form part of the Rodinia supercontinent by ca.900 Ma.On the basis of petrogeochemical data,the basic lavas can be classified into two major magma types:HT(Ti/Y>500) and LT(Ti/Y<500) that can be further divided into HT1 (Nb/La>0.85) and HT2(Nb/La≤0.85),and LT1(Nb/La>0.85) and LT2(Nb/La≤0.85) subtypes, respectively.The geochemical variation of the HT2 and LT2 lavas can be accounted for by lithospheric contamination of asthenosphere-(or plume-) derived magmas,whereas the parental magmas of the HT1 and LT1 lavas did not undergo,during their ascent,pronounced lithospheric contamination.These volcanics exhibit at least three characteristics:(1) most have a compositional bimodality;(2) they were formed in an intracontinental rift setting;and(3) they are genetically linked with mantle plumes or a mantle surperplume.This rift-related volcanism at end of the MidNeoproterozoic and Early Cambrian coincided temporally with the separation between AustraliaEast Antarctica,South China and Laurentia and between Australia and Tarim,respectively. The Mid—Late Neoproterozoic volcanism in China is the geologic record of the rifting and break-up of the supercontinent Rodinia.     

北大巴山凤凰山岩体锆石U Pb LA ICP MS年龄及其构造意义

北大巴山凤凰山岩体是扬子陆块北缘典型的新元古代侵入岩群,对采自岩体的6个花岗岩(闪长岩)样品进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素定年分析。定年数据显示,岩浆活动可分为早期(797±6Ma)、中期(770±6Ma、774±5Ma)、晚期(755±6Ma、750±13Ma和743±6Ma)三个阶段,证实凤凰山岩体为多期岩浆侵入形成。这几期岩浆活动在扬子陆块具同步性和普遍性,广泛被记录在黄陵、汉南等其它新元古代杂岩中。凤凰山花岗岩完整记录了扬子陆块北缘南华纪初期的区域拉张—裂陷事件,其形成可能与导致Rodinia超大陆裂解作用的幕式地幔柱活动有关。本次研究对认识扬子陆块新元古代地壳生长与再造过程及Rodinia超大陆裂解机制具有重要意义。     

华北克拉通北缘凉城基性岩墙成因及古地理的重建意义

为揭示华北克拉通北缘凉城基性岩墙的形成时代、岩石成因、构造背景及对罗迪尼亚超大陆重建的意义,本研究借助激光烧蚀多接收器等离子质谱(LA-MC-ICP-MS)锆石U-Pb定年、Hf同位素及全岩地球化学研究手段,对凉城桃花沟岩墙开展了系统研究。研究结果显示,凉城桃花沟岩墙为新元古代早期(903±15 Ma)基性岩浆活动的产物,归属拉斑岩石系列,具有较高的TFeO(12.78%～16.30%)及TiO₂(2.59%～3.31%)含量、较低的MgO(2.87%～3.83%)、Cr(32.7×10^-6～42.0×10^-6)、Ni(11.6×10^-6～14.5×10^-6)含量及Mg^#值(29～38),富集轻稀土元素(LREE)、Rb、Pb、Zr及Hf元素,亏损Ba、Sr、Nb、Ta、Ti及Eu(Eu/Eu^*=0.74～0.83)元素。锆石原位ε_Hf(t)范围为2.4～13.4,单阶段Hf模式年龄(t_DM1     

Geochemistry and geodynamic significance of the rare-earth mineralized Paleoproterozoic Longwangzhuang granite on the southern margin of the North China Craton

The Longwangzhuang granite pluton occurs on the southern margin of the North China Craton and consists mainly of biotite syenogranite with aegirine granite being locally distributed.The granites are characterized by high silicon and alkaline contents(SiO2=72.17%-76.82%,K2O+Na2O=8.28%-10.22%,K2O/Na2O>>1),AI(agpaitic index) =0.84-0.95,DI=95-97,ASI(aluminum saturation index)=0.96-1.13,and very high Fe* number(FeO*/(FeO*+Mg)=0.90-0.99),thus the granites are assigned to the metaluminous to weakly peraluminous,alkalic to calc-alkalic ferroan A-type granites.The granites are rich in large ion lithophile elements(LILE),especially high in REE concentrations(REE+Y=854×10-6-1572×10-6);whereas the enrichment of high strength field elements(Nb,Ta,Zr,Hf) is obviously less than that of LILEs,exhibiting mild depletions on trace element spider plots;and the rocks are significantly depleted in Ba,Sr,Ti,and Pb.The low εNd(t) values(-4.5--7.2) and high model ages(2.3-2.5 Ga) of the granites as well as the low εHf(t) values(-1.11--5.26) and high Hf model ages(THf1= 2.1-2.3 Ga,THf2=2.4-2.6 Ga) of zircons from the biotite syenogranite suggest that the granites were probably derived from an enriched mantle source.The zircons from the biotite syenogranite are mainly colorless transparent crystals exhibiting well-developed oscillatory zoning on the cathodoluminescence images with a LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb age of 1602.1±6.6 Ma(MSWD=0.48).Petrochemical,trace elements,as well as Nd and Hf isotopic compositions of the rocks demonstrate that the granites were formed in a within-plate extensional tectonic regime possibly related to the breakup of the Columbia supercontinent.The granites were most likely formed through extreme fractional crystallization of alkali basaltic magma resulted from partial melting of the mantle,which was fertilized by recycling crustal rocks triggered by the delamination of lithospheric mantle and lower crust following the ～1.8 Ga collision and amalgamation of the North China Craton which is part of the Columbia supercontinent.However,contamination of neo-Archean to Paleoproterozoic crustal rocks during the ascent and emplacement of the magma could not be excluded.Being the youngest known anorogenic magmatism on the southern margin of the North China Craton related to Columbia breakup,it might represent the break off of the North China Craton from Columbia supercontinent at the end of Paleoproterozoic.     

张八岭群火山岩地球化学特征及其构造学意义

安徽滁州张八岭地区的张八岭群分为2组。一是下部北将军组,以千枚岩和片岩为主;二是上部西冷岩组,主要为一套变质火山岩系。张八岭岩群的细碧-石英角斑岩系主要发育于西冷岩组中,具多旋回特点。细碧-石英角斑岩系以石英角斑岩为主,细碧岩次之,角斑岩类稀少。该岩系的火山岩富碱、富钠,具双峰值特征,其主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素地球化学特征表明,它形成于非造山张性环境,为裂陷槽,是与晚元古代罗迪尼亚(Rodinia)超大陆裂解有关的岩浆作用的产物。     

川西康定—丹巴地区新元古代基性岩墙成因及源区性质

提要：扬子地块西缘新元古代岩浆岩分布广泛,目前对其成因和构造背景的认识还存在很大争议。本文报道了川西康滇裂谷北段康定—丹巴地区新元古代基性岩墙的岩石学、元素地球化学和Sm-Nd同位素特征,探讨其岩石成因、岩浆源区性质和岩浆熔融深度。结果表明岩石样品属拉斑系列,形成于板内裂谷环境,岩浆在上升侵位过程中受到了初生岛弧地壳物质不同程度的混染。岩浆起源于亏损地幔源区,是尖晶石地幔橄榄岩部分熔融的产物,很可能与导致Rodinia超级大陆裂解的新元古代地幔柱事件有关。