全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1872篇 |
免费 | 309篇 |
国内免费 | 1301篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 32篇 |
大气科学 | 36篇 |
地球物理 | 423篇 |
地质学 | 2337篇 |
海洋学 | 473篇 |
天文学 | 11篇 |
综合类 | 57篇 |
自然地理 | 113篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 6篇 |
2023年 | 29篇 |
2022年 | 77篇 |
2021年 | 62篇 |
2020年 | 117篇 |
2019年 | 142篇 |
2018年 | 142篇 |
2017年 | 86篇 |
2016年 | 157篇 |
2015年 | 134篇 |
2014年 | 156篇 |
2013年 | 230篇 |
2012年 | 145篇 |
2011年 | 196篇 |
2010年 | 160篇 |
2009年 | 157篇 |
2008年 | 177篇 |
2007年 | 175篇 |
2006年 | 202篇 |
2005年 | 158篇 |
2004年 | 121篇 |
2003年 | 104篇 |
2002年 | 83篇 |
2001年 | 78篇 |
2000年 | 47篇 |
1999年 | 55篇 |
1998年 | 45篇 |
1997年 | 45篇 |
1996年 | 46篇 |
1995年 | 30篇 |
1994年 | 21篇 |
1993年 | 22篇 |
1992年 | 8篇 |
1991年 | 15篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3482条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
911.
912.
The present paper deals with the extension of a cap model in order to describe the material behavior of partially saturated soils, in particular, of partially saturated sands and silts. The soil model is formulated in terms of two stress state variables, using net stress and matric suction and, alternatively, the average soil skeleton stress and suction, the latter playing the role of a stress‐like plastic internal variable. The yield surface, consisting of a shear failure surface and a hardening cap surface, the plastic potentials for the non‐associated flow rule and the hardening law for the cap are extended by taking into account the effects of matric suction on the material behavior. Furthermore, the third invariant of the deviatoric stress tensor is taken into account in the formulation of the yield surfaces. The developed model is validated by the numerical simulation of an extensive series of suction controlled tests for a silty sand, which were conducted at different constant values of suction. Although both versions of the soil model yield identical results for stress paths at constant values of matric suction, differences are encountered for stress paths involving wetting. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
913.
Andrei Irimia 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》2007,28(2-3):157-166
Electric and magnetic multipole transitions among low-lying states of doubly ionized vanadium were computed using the multi-configuration
Hartree-Fock (MCHF) method with Breit-Pauli (BP) corrections to a non-relativistic Hamiltonian. Energy levels were determined
up to and including 3d
2(1
G)4s b 2
G
7/2 and computed energies were found to be in good agreement with experiment and other theories. In addition to Einstein A
ki
coefficients for some E2 and M1 transitions, lifetime data and selected weighted oscillator strengths are also reported. 相似文献
914.
Laboratory and field experiments demonstrated that solid state pressure transducers are accurate and reliable devices for frequent measurements of soil suction. However, each transducer had to be individually calibrated before use and a hanging column procedure designed for this purpose is described. Analysis showed that each transducer had a linear response and that environmental conditions such as temperature had minimal influence. Twenty four tensiometers with pressure transducers were intalled in a forest soil to test their operation and their output was monitored by a data logger. An example of soil suction results measured during four storms is given to demonstrate their stability and their rapid response. The transducers were found to perform accurately and were only affected by temperatures below 0°C. 相似文献
915.
Numerous processes may instigate bank retreat and the consequent collection of failed cohesive materials at the bank toe. Cohesion between the failed material and the substrate can provide additional strength to resist direct fluvial entrainment. Failed, cohesive material can act as a form of natural bank‐toe protection by consuming and diverting flow energy that may otherwise be used to further scour the basal zone of incising channels. Investigations in Goodwin Creek, Mississippi, have revealed the existence of apparent cohesion between failed, cohesive blocks and their underlying surface. The method used to assess this cohesion involved a pulley system mounted on a tripod and supporting a load cell. Mean and maximum apparent‐cohesion values of 1·08 kPa and 2·65 kPa, respectively, were measured in this way, identifying a source that bonds blocks to the underlying surface. Cohesion values and types vary spatially and temporally. Tensiometric tests beneath blocks suggest that cohesion resulting from matric suction alone may be as much as 3·5 kPa in summer and 1·8 kPa in winter. Apparent cohesion is believed to have been sufficient to help prevent removal of the largest blocks by a peak flow of 66·4m3/s on 23 September 1997. Maximum excess shear stress required to entrain a D75 block can be augmented by as much as 97% by the presence of apparent cohesion at the block–substrate interface when compared with a condition with zero apparent cohesion at the block underside. Given these findings, it is no longer sufficient to estimate block entrainment in the basal area from block size or bed roughness alone, as in a Shields‐type approach. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
916.
重庆市石柱县西沱变形体防治是国家地质灾害防治项目之一,通过对该变形体工程勘察评价,对变形体的地质特征与稳定性有了较为系统的认识。变形体主要由块石土及含块石粉质粘土组成。潜在滑移带由粉质粘土组成。文章阐述了变形体与滑移带的物理力学性质;对影响变形体发生滑动的因素进行了分析,重点阐述了地形地貌、地层岩性及物质结构3个内在因素;利用传递系数方法对变形体分多种工况条件进行了稳定性系数与推力的计算,分出基本荷载组合、特殊荷载组合及组合荷载3个方面,计算出其剩余下滑力。 相似文献
917.
In this study the effect of cyclic loads on monotonic shear strength has been studied on torsional apparatus. Tests have been conducted on both reconstituted and undisturbed fine-grained hollow soil specimens. The plasticity index of soils is in the range from 2 to 33 for reconstituted specimens, prepared by dry pluviation, and from 5 to 13 for undisturbed soil specimens. The existence of a critical shear strain level, called yield shear strain, where softening starts, is determined from cyclic tests. The level of cyclic yield strain is ± 0.75% for the reconstituted soil specimens and ± 0.5% for the undisturbed soils. If soil undergoes a cyclic shear strain level below the cyclic yield strain, reduction of monotonic strength of reconstituted and undisturbed specimens is limited, but when cyclic shear strain level is larger than yield strain monotonic strength decreases down to 40% of its initial strength. 相似文献
918.
根据理想模型中土颗粒和孔隙水之间的几何关系、热力学原理和土力学基本理论,研究了土的非饱和性在非饱和土中引起的力系。给出了张力吸力和吸力比的定义,并在考虑基质吸力作用面积的基础上定义了等效吸力的概念。按照孔隙水弯液面是否与土颗粒表面搭接,将非饱和土分为搭接非饱和土和不搭接非饱和土两类。进而根据搭接状态将搭接非饱和土细分为水封闭非饱和土和搭接双开敞非饱和土,根据孔隙气状态将不搭接非饱和土细分为不搭接双开敞非饱和土和气封闭非饱和土。在搭接非饱和土中,出现张力吸力并对土体的强度产生增强作用;在不搭接非饱和土中,表面张力只是沿着液面传播,不对土的强度产生效应。另外,张力吸力只对强度问题有贡献,它不是渗流问题的驱动力。 相似文献
919.
雨水的入渗和蒸发对土体的其质吸力分布有着重要的影响作用。利用水相连续性条件、广义Darcy定律及Gardner关于非饱和土导水系数和基质吸力的经验公式,建立并求解出非饱和土一维稳态渗流情况下基质吸力沿深度变化的关系表达式。根据所解得的解析解,详细分析了在单一土层情况下参数α、入渗强度q和qlks对基质吸力分布的影响。 相似文献
920.
Origin of high field strength element enrichment in volcanic arcs: Geochemical evidence from the Sulu Arc, southern Philippines 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lavas from the Sulu Arc, southern Philippines, exhibit an enrichment in high field strength elements (HFSE) that represents a departure from the typical volcanic arc geochemical signature. It has been postulated that this relative enrichment arises from metasomatism of mantle wedge peridotites by melts derived from the subducting oceanic lithosphere, through formation of amphibole which subsequently breaks down and enriches the mantle source of parental arc magmas in HFSE. Divergent chemical and isotopic characteristics between Sulu Arc HFSE-enriched lavas and the Sulu Sea crust being subducted—the presumed source of slab-derived melts—render it unlikely, however, that HFSE enrichment arises from the influence of such melts. New geochemical data suggest that the varying degrees of HFSE enrichment in Sulu Arc lavas are instead the result of variable amounts of mixing between enriched and depleted mantle end-components—the sources of South China Sea intraplate lavas and Sulu seafloor basalts, respectively—within a compositionally heterogeneous mantle wedge. 相似文献