Facies model of a mixed clastic–carbonate,wave‐dominated open‐coast tidal flat (Tithonian–Berriasian,north‐east Spain)

Detailed logging and analysis of the facies architecture of the upper Tithonian to middle Berriasian Aguilar del Alfambra Formation (Galve sub‐basin, north‐east Spain) have made it possible to characterize a wide variety of clastic, mixed clastic–carbonate and carbonate facies, which were deposited in coastal mudflats to shallow subtidal areas of an open‐coast tidal flat. The sedimentary model proposed improves what is known about mixed coastal systems, both concerning facies and sedimentary processes. This sedimentary system was located in an embayed, non‐protected area of a wide C‐shaped coast that was seasonally dominated by wave storms. Clastic and mixed clastic–carbonate muds accumulated in poorly drained to well‐drained, marine‐influenced coastal mudflat areas, with local fluvial sandstones (tide‐influenced fluvial channels and sheet‐flood deposits) and conglomerate tsunami deposits. Carbonate‐dominated tidal flat areas were the loci of deposition of fenestral‐laminated carbonate muds and grainy (peloidal) sediments with hummocky cross‐stratification. Laterally, the tidal flat was clastic‐dominated and characterized by heterolithic sediments with hummocky cross‐stratification and local tidal sandy bars. Peloidal and heterolithic sediments with hummocky cross‐stratification are the key facies for interpreting the wave (storm) dominance in the tidal flat. Subsidence and high rates of sedimentation controlled the rapid burial of the storm features and thus preserved them from reworking by fair‐weather waves and tides.     

厦门市住房市场的空间分割及其成因解析

以住房子市场理论为框架建立研究假设,用主成份分析和聚类分析法刻画厦门市的住房市场特征。对住房类型子市场与聚类划分子市场进行对比分析,并采用Hedonic多重回归法对不同子市场划分方式的合理性进行验证。在此基础上,采用特征价格函数和子市场样本密度分布展开空间分析。结果显示:厦门市区划分为四个住房子市场,由城市中心地区向外呈现非均衡的层级化空间分布特征。城市中心与外围局部地区子市场的极化分布形成了"空间分割",降低了住房消费的空间替代性。多元产权结构下的市场环境、非均衡的住房用地拓展以及缺乏弹性的住房开发控制共同导致了空间分割。充分认识住房市场的结构与特征,将有助于提高城市住房公共政策的效率。     

InSAR最小二乘相位解缠权重确定的一种新方法

雷达信号的低信噪比、地形起伏引起的阴影、遮掩以及其它种种原因造成的去相干现象导致相位数据的不连续,使得相位解缠结果出现偏差甚至是完全错误。在分析影响最小二乘相位解缠权重选择因素的基础上,将频域置信度作为权重选择方法进行相位解缠数据处理,结果表明,该方法很好地克服了最小二乘法对于相位坡度欠估计的缺点,且解缠结果具有较高精度和稳定性。     

Can abundance of geomorphological features be predicted using presence–absence data?

Geomorphological models are useful tools for assessing the impacts of changing environmental conditions on earth surface processes and landforms. Here we evaluate the feasibility of predicting the abundance (spatial coverage) of geomorphological features using presence–absence data. To achieve the study goals, generalized linear models (GLMs), spatial predictors and geomorphological data from a thoroughly inventoried area of 600 km² in sub‐Arctic Finland at a resolution of 25 ha were utilized in the exercise. The key finding was that the GLMs derived from presence–absence data performed as consistently, as a relative index of abundance, as models derived directly from the abundance data. Thus, predictions based on presence–absence data may serve as a reasonable surrogate for abundance of geomorphological features. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Regional differences in hydrological response to canopy interception schemes in a land surface model

Two different canopy interception schemes are applied to the parameterization of the hydrological processes in the Community Land Model version 3. One scheme treats rainfall and canopy water storage as spatially uniform within each model grid cell, and the other scheme considers sub‐grid variability of rainfall and water storage in the parameterization of canopy hydrological processes. The hydrological responses to differences between these two schemes in different regions are studied. It is found that the impact of the sub‐grid variability in the tropical regions is generally greater than the extra‐tropical regions. However, such impact can't be negligible for the extra‐tropical regions. Soil water in the total 3.4 m soil depth increases by 3% for Central‐South Europe, and vegetation temperature increases by 0.14 °C for Southeastern United States if the regional averages are considered. The magnitude of the impact is greater if the analysis focuses on the specific grid cells in these regions. The impact is tightly correlated with rainfall amount and vegetation density. The correlation coefficient between such impact and rainfall amount and vegetation density varies with regions and hydrological variables, with the largest value of 0.92 for interception loss in Amazonia. Our results indicate that the impact of the sub‐grid variability on hydrological processes in the extra‐tropical areas is also important, although rainfall amount and vegetation density in these areas are not as high as in the tropical areas. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

海底输油管道掩埋状况调查研究

本文用全球卫星接收定位系统（ＧＰＳ）与浅地层剖面系统（ＧｅｏＣｈｉｒｐ Ｓｕｂ－Ｂｏｔｔｏｍ Ｐｒｏｆｉｌｅ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ）对珠江三角洲的铜鼓、伶汀、九州水 底输油管道掩埋状况进行勘测,全部数据记录在声纳图像增强工作站。经室内回放增强处理得出硬拷贝资料,然后将全部定位资料输入计算机用ＧＩＳ系统进行处理得出测线的ＫＰ点。解释出所测管道掩埋状况,文中列出了管道几种掩埋状况,为海洋工程调查研究提供参考。     

深潜救援潜器新型对接技术的仿真研究

对接技术是利用深潜救援潜器(DSRV)实现援潜救生的关键技术。本文介绍了作者开发的对接系统三维动画仿真软件和利用仿真软件对新型对接系统实施援潜救生进行动态仿真的情况。     

基于等离子体增强化学气相沉积技术的光电子器件多层抗反膜的设计和制作

针对光电子器件端面抗反镀膜的要求,研究了基于等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)技术的多层抗反膜的设计和制作.首先,对影响SiN<sub>xsub>折射率的因素进行了实验研究,确定了具有大折射率差的SiO<sub>2sub>/SiN<sub>xsub>材料的PECVD沉积条件.根据理论计算分析,设计了四层SiO<sub>2sub>/SiN<sub>xsub>抗反膜结构,能够在70 nm的波长范围内实现低于10^-4的反射率     

Acoustic habitat and shellfish mapping and monitoring in shallow coastal water – Sidescan sonar experiences in The Netherlands

Sidescan sonar has been applied in a number of shallow water environments along the Dutch coast to map and monitor shellfish and seabed habitats. The littoral setting of these surveys may hamper data acquisition flying the towfish in zones of turbulence and waves, but also offers valuable opportunities for understanding, interpreting and validating sidescan sonar images because of the ability to ground-truth during low water periods, enabling easy identification and validation. Acoustical images of some of the mussel banks on the tidal flats of the Wadden Sea, recorded at high tide, show a marked resemblance with optical Google Earth images of the same banks. These sonar images may thus serve as ‘acoustic type signatures’ for the interpretation of sonar patterns recorded in deeper water where ground-truthing is more difficult and more expensive. Similarly, acoustic type signatures of (Japanese) oyster banks were obtained in the estuaries in the southwest of the Netherlands.     

内蒙古扎鲁特旗香山铜铅锌矿区成矿地质条件分析及找矿潜力

通过分析香山铜铅锌矿区地质背景、火山构造及断裂构造活动与成矿关系，认为本区次山山活动十分强烈，且有多次岩浆脉动，脉岩群的上侵就位为成矿开辟了热液上升通道和容矿空间，围绕次火山活动中心，矿化与蚀变有明显的分带性，表明该区与该成矿带上已知的大-中型斑岩系列铜矿床在成矿背景和成矿条件上极为相似，提出该区中部及其深部具有寻找大-中型次火岩热液脉型铜锌矿床的潜力。