Biotite Reference Materials for Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry 18O/16O Measurements

Five new biotite reference materials were calibrated at the SwissSIMS laboratory (University of Lausanne) for oxygen isotope determination by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and are available to the scientific community. The oxygen isotope composition of the biotites, UNIL_B1 to B5, was determined by laser‐heating fluorination to be 11.4 ± 0.11‰, 8.6 ± 0.15‰, 6.1 ± 0.04‰, 7.1 ± 0.05‰ and 7.6 ± 0.04‰, respectively. SIMS analyses on spots smaller than 20 μm gave a measurement repeatability of 0.3‰ (2 standard deviation, 2s). The matrix effect due to solid solution in natural biotite could be expressed as a linear function of X_Mg and X_F for biotite. No effect was found for different crystallographic orientations. SIMS analysis allows the oxygen isotope composition of biotite to be measured with a measurement uncertainty of 0.3–0.4‰ (2s) for biotites with similar major element compositions. A measurement uncertainty of 0.5‰ (2s) is realistic when F poor biotites (lower than 0.2% m/m oxides) within the compositional range of X_Mg of 0.3–0.9 were compared from different sessions. The linear correlation with F content offers a reasonable working curve for F‐rich biotites, but additional reference materials are needed to confirm the model.     

Early Albian marine environments in Madagascar: An integrated approach based on oxygen,carbon and strontium isotopic data

New palaeotemperature reconstructions have been obtained on the basis of oxygen isotopic analysis of 178 aragonitic shell samples taken from specimens of three ammonoid orders (and some corresponding families): Phylloceratida (Phylloceratidae), Lytoceratida (Tetragonitidae) and Ammonitida (Oppeliidae, Desmoceratidae, Silesitidae, Cleoniceratidae and Douvilleiceratidae). Those obtained from aragonite shells, secreted in the lower epipelagic and in the middle mesopelagic zones during coolest season (winter), range from 15.4 to 16.8 °C, and from 11.8 to 12.0 °C, respectively. Presumed spring/autumn palaeotemperatures obtained from aragonite shells, secreted apparently in the upper and lower epipelagic, upper and middle mesopelagic zones, are somewhat higher. Presumed summer palaeotemperatures, calculated apparently for the upper and lower epipelagic, and upper mesopelagic zones range from 19.4 to 21.7 °C, from 17.7 to 19.4 °C, and from 14.4 to 16.1 °C, respectively. The predominant part of investigated ammonoids from Madagascar inhabited the epipelagic zone, but some phylloceratid, tetragonitid and silesitid ammonoids preferred deeper, cooler conditions (upper-middle mesopelagic zone). The study supports the hypothesis that Madagascar was located in middle latitudes within the tropical-subtropical climatic zone during the early Albian. Available carbon and strontium isotope data allow us to assume a more or less expressed carbon and strontium isotope stratification of the water column in this region in the early Albian. On the basis of the stable isotope data, following partly Lukeneder (2015), two large ethological groups can be recognised mainly in mid-aged and adult ammonoids. Some ammonoids (group 1) preferred apparently mesopelagic conditions, and to a lesser degree the epipelagic zone, being mainly cool-requiring animals. However, a significant part of the isotopically investigated ammonoids (group 2) preferred, on the contrary, only epipelagic conditions, being mainly thermophilic dwellers.     

Nd–Sr isotopic constraint to the formation of metatexite and diatexite migmatites,Higo metamorphic terrane,central Kyushu,Japan

ABSTRACT

Metatexite and diatexite migmatites are widely distributed within the upper amphibolite and granulite-facies zones of the Higo low-P/high-T metamorphic terrane. Here we report Nd–Sr isotopic and whole rock composition data from an outcrop in the highest-grade part of the granulite-facies zone, in which diatexite occurs as a 3 m-thick layer between 2 m-thick layers of stromatic-structured metatexite within pelitic gneiss. The metatexite has Nd–Sr isotopes and whole rock compositions similar to those of the gneiss, but the diatexite shows the reverse. The diatexite has a higher ε_Nd(t) and ¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd ratio (ε_Nd(t) = ?0.5; ¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd = 0.1636) than the gneiss (ε_Nd(t) = ?2.1; ¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd = 0.1287) and metatexite (ε_Nd(t) = ?3.1; ¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd = 0.1188). The (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_initial and ⁸⁷Rb/⁸⁶Sr of the diatexite ((⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_initial = 0.70568; ⁸⁷Rb/⁸⁶Sr = 0.416) are lower than those of the gneiss ((⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_initial = 0.70857; ⁸⁷Rb/⁸⁶Sr = 1.13) and metatexite ((⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_initial = 0.70792; ⁸⁷Rb/⁸⁶Sr = 1.11). The metatexite and gneiss show enrichment of Th and depletion of P and Eu and have a similar chondrite-normalized REE pattern, which shows steep LREE–MREE-enriched and gently declining HREE patterns and negative Eu anomalies, whereas the diatexite shows enrichment of Sr and depletion of Th and Y, and exhibits gently declining LREE and steeply declining HREE pattern and weak Eu depletion. The metatexite migmatite is interpreted to have formed by in situ partial melting in which the melt did not migrate from the source, whereas the diatexite migmatite included an externally derived melt with a juvenile component. The Cretaceous high-temperature metamorphism of the Higo metamorphic terrane is interpreted to reflect emplacement of mantle-derived basalts under a volcanic arc along the eastern margin of the Eurasian continent, and mass transfer and advection of heat via hybrid silicic melts from the lower crust.     

湖南芙蓉锡矿床中萤石的Sr－Nd同位素研究

芙蓉锡矿床是一个新探明的超大型锡矿床，产于湘南的骑田岭花岗岩体中。本次研究测试了该矿床中与锡石硫化物共生的萤石的Sr和Nd同位素组成。各矿脉中萤石的87Sr/86Sr比值并不相同，变化从0.70770～0.71484，反映了成矿流体的初始87Sr/86Sr比值并不均一。萤石的Sm－Nd同位素组成并没有构成很好的等时线，计算的ENd（t）值变化在－6.6～－9.8之间。萤石的Sr－Nd同位素组成并不同于花岗岩，成矿流体中的Sr和Nd有很大一部分来自围岩的碳酸盐岩地层。     

豫西银家沟杂岩体年代学、地球化学和岩石成因

银家沟杂岩体位于河南省灵宝市,主要岩石类型为二长花岗斑岩、钾长花岗斑岩和石英闪长斑岩,并有少量呈脉状产出的花岗闪长斑岩及闪长玢岩.该杂岩体是银家沟硫铁多金属矿床的成矿母岩.杂岩体的元素地球化学和锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年代学研究结果表明,银家沟杂岩体二长花岗斑岩、钾长花岗斑岩和花岗闪长斑岩的侵位年龄分别为147.5±2.1Ma、147.8±1.6Ma和142.0±2.0Ma,为晚侏罗世-早白垩世的产物.二长花岗斑岩和钾长花岗斑岩具有高的SiO2(65.17％ ～73.94％)和Al2O3含量(13.53％ ～ 15.96％)、非常高的K2O含量(5.03％ ～9.89％,多数大于6.0％),但具有低的Na2O(0.24％～1.86％,多数小于1.0％)、Fe2O3(0.82％～3.71％)、FeO(0.02％ ～ 1.62％)、MgO(0.23％～1.47％,多数小于1.0％)和CaO含量(0.08％～ 1.98％,多数小于0.4％),铝指数(ASI)为1.18～2.04,全部大于1.1,应为热液蚀变引起.杂岩体的稀土元素总量介于71.38×10-6～276.4×10-6,具有中等-微弱的Eu负异常(δEu介于0.57 ～0.88),稀土元素分馏强烈,其(La/Yb)N介于6.93 ～ 30.1之间,为轻稀土富集型.岩石具有低Sr(104×10-6～461×10-6,多数＜300×10-6)和Yb含量(0.90×10-6～2.10×10-6,绝大多数＜1.9×10-6).在原始地幔标准化的微量元素蜘蛛网图中,银家沟杂岩体富集Rb、Ba、Th、U、K、La、Ce、Nd、Hf、Zr等,强烈亏损Sr、P、Ti等,具有中等Nb、Ta亏损.主量、稀土和微量元素特征表明,岩石具后碰撞花岗岩类的地球化学特征,属后碰撞花岗岩.杂岩体的锶初始比值(Isr)为0.7069～0.7091,多数＜0.7085,εNd(t)值为-14.99～-10.57,亏损地幔单阶段Nd模式年龄为1.41～1.76Ga,两阶段Nd模式年龄为1.51～1.81Ga;钾长石206Pb/204Pb、207 Pb/204Pb和208Pb/204Pb比值变化范围分别为17.376 ～17.628、15.455～ 15.502和37.867～38.090,Nd、Sr和Pb同位素组成指示银家沟杂岩体最可能源自宽坪群、二郎坪群和太华群的混合物.银家沟杂岩体形成于晚侏罗世-早白垩世期间的EW向构造体制向NNE向构造体制转换环境,构造体制转换使东秦岭地区处于减压环境,下地壳大规模部分熔融,导致银家沟杂岩体形成.     

内蒙古林西县北三段银铅多金属矿床碳、氧、硫、铅同位素特征及成矿物质来源

本文对内蒙古林西县北三段银铅多金属矿床矿体的碳、氧、硫、铅同位素进行了测定,并对其成矿物质来源及演化进行了探讨。矿区样品的δ34S‰变化范围为-0.24‰~2.37‰,平均值为1.29‰,初步认为矿石中的硫主要来源于深部岩浆,并有少量生物还原硫的加入。样品的δ13CPDB变化范围为-4.57‰~-7.33‰,平均值为-5.96‰,δ18O为-3.4‰~-4.8‰,平均值为-4.06‰;δ13CPDB-δ18OSMOW关系表明,矿体中的碳可能主要由基性-超基性岩浆提供,并有部分来源于地层,且受大气水影响明显。铅同位素表明北三段矿床的成矿物质可能由造山带物质和地幔物质两部分提供。     

川东下三叠统飞仙关组-嘉陵江组界线附近的锶同位素组成

作为化学地层学的重要分支之一,锶同位素地层学已经逐步成为全球海平面变化、造山运动、古气候和古环境等全球事件研究和对比的有效工具,根据锶同位素地层学的基本原理,在对样品进行沉积岩组构、化学成分分析和对同期海水代表性评估的基础上,测试了四川东部华蓥山地区下三叠统飞仙关组-嘉陵江组界线附近6个碳酸盐岩样品的锶同位素组成。结果表明,该界线附近的锶同位素组成与前人公布的早三叠世同期海水的锶同位素组成数据基本一致。锶同位素地层学研究的引入,可望为我国南方海相三叠系飞仙关组和嘉陵江组的年代地层学对比研究提供重要依据。     

Geochemistry and zircon U–Pb–Hf isotopes of the 780 Ma I-type granites in the western Yangtze Block: petrogenesis and crustal evolution

ABSTRACT

Neoproterozoic I-type granites could provide vital insights into the crust–mantle interaction and the crustal evolution along the western Yangtze Block, South China. This paper presents new zircon U–Pb ages, bulk-rock geochemistry, and in situ zircon Lu–Hf isotope on the Dalu I-type granites from the southwestern Yangtze Block. Zircon U–Pb dating show the crystallization ages of 781.1 ± 2.8 Ma for granodiorites and 779.8 ± 2.0 Ma for granites, respectively. The Dalu granodiorites are Na-rich, calc-alkaline, metaluminous to slightly peraluminous (A/CNK = 0.94–1.08). Zircons from granodiorite have positive εHf(t) values (+2.16 to +7.39) with crustal model ages of 1.21–1.54 Ga, indicating juvenile mafic lower crust source. The Dalu granites are high-K calc-alkaline, peraluminous rocks. They have variable zircon εHf(t) values (?4.65 to +5.80) with crustal model ages of 1.31–1.97 Ga, suggesting that they were derived from the mature metasediment-derived melts by the mixing of newly formed mafic lower crust-derived melts. The geochemical variations in Dalu pluton is dominated not only by the different source rocks but also by the different melting temperatures. Combining with the geochemistry and isotopic compositions of I-type granitoids and tectonic setting in the western Yangtze Block, we propose that the Dalu I-type granodiorites–granites associations are the magmatic response from different crustal levels, which were induced by the heat anomaly due to the asthenosphere upwelling in the subduction-related setting.     

西天山菁布拉克岩带基性－超基性岩的Nd、Sr同位素地球化学

新疆西天山菁布拉克岩带基性－超基性岩的全岩εＮｄ（ｔ）约为－５．１－＋６．４，８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ（ｔ）约为０．７０３７－０．７０９４。幔源岩浆同化围岩和结晶分异联合作用（即ＡＦＣ过程）可以解释这些岩石的Ｎｄ、Ｓｒ同位素组成。     

特提斯洋对流上地幔Os同位素组成估算的新方法及初步运用

对流上地幔Os同位素组成的准确估算是运用Re-Os同位素体系探讨地幔演化的基础。前人研究主要是以地幔橄榄岩为研究对象,由于地幔橄榄岩Os同位素存在明显的不均一性,因而直接影响估算值的准确性。对流上地幔中包含的不同亏损程度的难熔组分在部分熔融过程中难以熔融,对形成的熔体相的Os同位素组成贡献很少或者没有。因此,与对流上地幔具有相同的Os同位素组成初始值的早期分离结晶岩石(如堆晶岩),结合堆晶岩中锆石的准确定年,可以用来估算对流上地幔Os同位素组成。本文根据这一方法测试了那曲地区弧后盆地堆晶岩的Os同位素组成和锆石U-Pb年龄,推测那曲地区新特提斯洋对流上地幔Os同位素组成为碳质球粒陨石型的。根据这一模型,对比了罗布莎和东巧铬铁矿岩、含矿围岩以及不含矿围岩的Os同位素特征,揭示出矿石及围岩均具有古老大陆岩石圈地幔信息,而不含矿围岩(泽当岩体)的Os同位素组成为碳质球粒陨石型的,无古老大陆岩石圈地幔信息。