分带变倾角化极磁场图在大范围航磁解释中的应用

在航磁ΔT异常解释中存在由于倾斜磁化而引起的异常形态变化问题,特别是在低纬度地区,当编图范围南北跨度很大时,即使相同磁性体,在南部和北部引起的异常特征也有明显差异,给磁异常解释带来麻烦。通过理论与实际相结合的方法,简述了分带变倾角化极磁场图在大范围航磁ΔT解释中的应用效果。     

小断面长距离输油管道隧洞病害治理施工技术

结合赵家山隧洞工程实践,较详细地介绍了长距离、小断面隧洞病害治理施工技术,对困难条件下的小断面隧洞病害治理施工有一定的参考价值。     

SYZX96/75绳索取心液动锤钻具的应用效果

主要介绍了SYZX96/75绳索取心液动锤钻具在湖南常德仙人金矿软硬交替复杂地层中的应用情况,总结了其中的施工经验。该孔使用SYZX96/75绳索取心液动锤钻具,大幅度提高了回次长度,减少了辅助时间;对提高破碎地层的取心效果起到了关键作用;降低孔斜效果显著。     

Magnetic field fossilization and tail reconfiguration in Titan's plasma environment during a magnetopause passage: 3D adaptive hybrid code simulations

We present a hybrid simulation study (kinetic ions, fluid electrons) of Titan's plasma interaction during an excursion of this moon from Saturn's magnetosphere into its magnetosheath, as observed for the first time during Cassini's T32 flyby on 13 June 2007. In contrast to earlier simulations of Titan's plasma environment under non-stationary upstream conditions, our model considers a difference in the flow directions of magnetospheric and magnetosheath plasma. Two complementary scenarios are investigated, with the flow directions of the impinging magnetospheric/magnetosheath plasmas being (A) antiparallel and (B) parallel. In both cases, our simulations show that due to the drastically reduced convection speed in the slow and dense heavy ion plasma near Titan, the satellite carries a bundle of “fossilized” magnetic field lines from the magnetosphere in the magnetosheath. Furthermore, the passage through Saturn's magnetopause goes along with a disruption of Titan's pick-up tail. Although the tail is not detached from the satellite, large clouds of heavy ion plasma are stripped of its outer flank, featuring a wave-like pattern. Whereas in case (B) under parallel flow conditions there is only a small retardation of about 5 min between the passage of Titan through the magnetopause and the reconfiguration of the pick-up tail, the tail reconfiguration in the case (A) scenario is completed not until 25 min after the magnetopause passage. The lifetime of fossil fields in the moon's ionosphere is approximately 25 min, regardless of whether parallel or antiparallel flow conditions are applied.     

重液法分离密度差值很小的单矿物的技术及其应用

介绍了密度差值很小的单矿物的分离技术方法,并利用重液折光率千分位和万分位的细微区别分离单矿物石英和绢云母。该方法由石英与长英质混合物的分离技术,推广到绢云母与绢云母长英质混合物的分离技术,改进后的重液分离技术具有快速、高效、经济的特点。当重液的折光率为1.577~1.580时,石英的分离纯度能达到95﹪~99﹪;当重液的折光率为1.5895~1.5840时,绢云母的分离纯度能达到90﹪~99﹪。     

1980年以来中国高等地理教育机构的发展：类型、增长与分布演变

为了厘清中国高等地理教育机构发展脉络,论文基于多种类型资料,梳理了1980—2021年中国高等地理教育机构的专业、沿革、停办数据,从类型、增长、分布3个层面讨论其发展过程,并探讨其当前主要问题。研究发现,近40余年中国高等地理教育机构发展有如下特征：① 主要分布在科研机构和高校中,且高校涉及综合、师范、工程与矿业等11类高校;② 地理学专业数量及其在机构中地位的差异使之有必要区分学科机构与专业机构;③ 数量增长包括1980—1998年稳定增长、1999—2009年快速增长、2010—2021年波动增长3个阶段,并主要受高校地理院系增长的影响,不同阶段不同类型高校地理院系增长又有差异;④ 分布演变可分为与数量增长时段相一致的省级稳定扩展、省级与地市级双轨快速扩展、省级与地市级双轨缓慢扩展3个阶段,不同类型机构空间分布及扩展态势也存在差异。当前中国高等地理教育机构已形成学科机构为主体、专业机构为扩展翼的发展态势,但有必要加强学科认同和学科共同体建设,以避免多样化发展可能引起的误解,改变仍然存在的高校学科院系“名实不符”现象,降低高校专业院系停办风险。     

Uniform asymptotic Green's functions for efficient modeling of cracks in elastic layers with relative shear deformation controlled by linear springs

We present a uniform asymptotic solution (UAS) for a displacement discontinuity (DD) that lies within the middle layer of a three‐layer elastic medium in which relative shear deformation between parallel interfaces is controlled by linear springs. The DD is assumed to be normal to the two interfaces between the elastic media. Using the Fourier transform method we construct a leading term in the asymptotic expansion for the spectral coefficient functions for a DD in a three‐layer‐spring medium. Although a closed‐form solution will require a solution in terms of an infinite series, we demonstrate how this UAS can be used to construct highly efficient and accurate solutions even in the case in which the DD actually touches the interface. We compare the results using the Green's function UAS solution for a crack crossing a soft interface with results obtained using a multi‐layer boundary element method. We also present results from an implementation of the UAS Green's function approach in a pseudo‐3D hydraulic fracturing simulator to analyze the effect of interface shear deformation on the fracture propagation process. These results are compared with field measurements. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

中国最早的观象台发掘

在山西襄汾县陶寺镇附近发掘出距今约4000年的最早观象台兼祭祀台遗址,它是由观测点、夯土柱和柱间狭缝组成,用于观测日出方位变化,确定回归年长度来制订历法。模拟观测结果表明,位于东南和东北的二狭缝可准确测定冬至和夏至日期,而此二狭缝之间有10个土柱,应象征着视太阳向北和向南每位移一个土柱为一个节气。由此推之,帝尧时的历法特征是将一岁分成20个节气的阳历,上古时的阴阳五行历即十月太阳历是源于它奠定的基础。     

四川盆地8000 m海相超深层天然气成藏条件及有利勘探区带

超深层(埋深>6000 m)是全球油气勘探的重大领域。当前,四川盆地天然气勘探已经突破8000 m超深层,但是盆地内8000 m超深层领域是否具备规模油气成藏条件、有利勘探区带分布在哪里等重大问题亟待破解。基于烃源岩、有利相带、储集层、圈闭类型、成藏组合等研究,对四川盆地8000 m超深层领域成藏条件与有利勘探区带进行了梳理和评价,得出以下认识：(1)四川盆地超深层领域主要发育于震旦系—中二叠统,且主要分布在环川中隆起带的川西坳陷、川北坳陷、川东褶皱带的深凹地区,其中川西北地区最具勘探潜力;(2)超深层烃源岩明显受凹陷或台内裂陷控制,主要发育陡山沱组、灯影组三段、麦地坪组和筇竹寺组等四套烃源岩,为8000 m超深层油气勘探提供了雄厚的物质基础;(3)震旦系—古生界主体发育(丘)滩孔隙型、岩溶孔洞型和白云岩孔隙型三类基本储层类型,三者相互叠加兼具裂缝改造形成多套规模储层,为超深层油气勘探提供了有利储集条件;(4)多套烃源岩和储层以走滑或逆冲断层相互沟通,主要发育下生上储、旁生侧储两种成藏组合,立体成藏特征明显;(5)岩性圈闭是震旦系—二叠系超深层气藏的主要圈闭类型,大型斜坡背景上发...     

基于山水旅游发展特点的景区建设探讨——以山西泽州丹河围滩景区为例

通过分析山水生态旅游的发展现状与特点,对适于发展山水旅游景区的开发建设进行相关探讨.以山西省泽州县丹河围滩景区为例,提出适合其自身环境的开发方案并且总结出解决相关问题的对策.