Seismic strengthening of RC columns using external steel cage

Steel caging technique is commonly used for the seismic strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) columns of rectangular cross‐section. The steel cage consists of angle sections placed at corners and held together by battens at intervals along the height. In the present study, a rational design method is developed to proportion the steel cage considering its confinement effect on the column concrete. An experimental study was carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed design method and detailing of steel cage battens within potential plastic hinge regions. One ordinary RC column and two strengthened columns were investigated experimentally under constant axial compressive load and gradually increasing reversed cyclic lateral displacements. Both strengthened columns showed excellent behavior in terms of flexural strength, lateral stiffness, energy dissipation and ductility due to the external confinement of the column concrete. The proposed model for confinement effect due to steel cage reasonably predicted moment capacities of the strengthened sections, which matched with the observed experimental values. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

限动碎石垫层在坝基处理中的应用

根据陕西秦岭电厂灰场改造工程应用土工网碎石垫层,处理灰坝坝基的设计与施工方法及原位监测结果,探讨了加筋土加固机理及有关的计算方法,最后对加筋碎石垫层在贮灰场灰坝工程中的应用效果给予评价,得到了一些有益的结论。     

九江地震灾害分析和鉴定加固研究

分析了九江地震灾害特征和产生灾害的原因,提高了对建筑抗震设计重要性的认识,同时针对旧房改造和重建,结合新农村建设,提出了建筑物抗震鉴定和加固方法,为本地区的抗震设防提供一点参考和借鉴.     

砖石古塔抗震性能评估方法及抗震加固措施研究

为了提高砖石古塔的抗震性能,针对其地震反应特点,研究了砖石古塔的抗震薄弱部位、抗震性能评估方法、评价指标以及抗震加固措施。主要研究结论为:（1）提出了采用极限承载能力与层间位移角2个指标综合评估砖石古塔的抗震性能,并通过工程实例验证了该方法的有效性。（2）提出了对穿锚杆锁定内外钢带围箍和竖向贯穿钢筋为主,聚丙烯酸脂乳液砂浆裂缝注浆为辅的砖石古塔综合抗震加固措施。（3）砖石古塔塔底截面为承载能力抗震薄弱部位,抗拉能力不足是导致塔体破坏的主要原因。（4）地震作用下,砖石古塔随着塔体层数的增加,层间位移角增大,顶层塔体为变形能力薄弱部位。该研究结果可为砖石古塔的抗震性能评估与抗震加固提供参考。     

Performance improvement studies of masonry houses using elastic post‐tensioning straps

Unreinforced masonry houses are composed of building blocks with weak inter‐binding action between them which commonly possess low tensile strength. The principal tensile stresses generated by out‐of‐plane bending and in‐plane shear forces cannot be tolerated well and leads to heavy structural damage and brittle collapse beyond linear capacity of the material. Remedies such as externally applied mesh reinforcement and post‐tensioning improves post and pre‐cracking performances; however, yielding of reinforcement material or shortening of walls due to cracking causes loss of integrity and post‐tensioning force. This paper discusses a research programme on earthquake strengthening of masonry houses using post‐tensioning by elastomeric straps and related shaking table tests on 1/10 scale single storey rural dwelling models. The aim of the study is to assess the use and effectiveness of post‐tensioning rubber straps at several different configurations especially for houses with heavy earth roofs supported on wooden logs. Full‐scale application can be conducted using scrap automobile tyres, which might be implemented as an economic and environment friendly alternative strengthening technique for poor residents of low‐cost dwellings. The performance and validity of the proposed strengthening techniques were tested on 1/10 scale models using a simplistic shaking table. The structural performance of the reinforced models with vertical post‐tensioning rubber straps was significantly improved as compared to the original specimen; the results were even better when vertical and horizontal straps were used. Obtained results show promise for seismic strengthening using rubber straps for post‐tensioning. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

地下水源热泵系统和太阳能辅助热源系统的地温场数值模拟研究

地下水源热泵系统的地温场数值模拟研究对浅层地热能开发利用项目具有重要意义。通过TOUGH2建立地下水源热泵系统的水-热耦合模型,模拟了研究区多年地温场变化趋势以及抽灌井温度变化。结果表明地下水源热泵系统运行10年后部分组团出现大量冷堆积现象,影响供暖温度。依据本结果,结合场地条件,针对冷堆积现象采用太阳能辅助热源系统进行系统强化设计,并模拟研究强化后的地温场多年变化趋势,结果表明太阳能辅助热源系统可以有效提高供暖温度。     

重要性不同的现有结构抗震加固设计地震动参数研究

提出了重要性不同的现有结构抗震加固设计基准期取值原则,给出了现有结构抗震加固设防水准的定义。基于地震危险性特征分区,利用地震动参数的危险性曲线公式对重要性不同的现有结构抗震加固设计地震动参数进行了分析。同时,为了便于工程设计人员使用,给出了现有结构设计地震动参数取值的简化方法。最后,通过算例解释了理论方法和简化计算方法中抗震加固设计地震动参数的取值方法和步骤。     

(冲)钻孔灌注桩后注浆技术在大楼基础工程中的应用

根据宁德市港澳台侨联谊中心大楼基础工程施工中的实际情况,阐述了采用预埋导管对桩端土进行后注浆加固补强,提高单桩承载力,减少沉降量的机理及应用效果。     

FRICTIONAL PROPERTIES OF A NATURAL FAULT GOUGE FROM DRILLED CORES IN THE LONGMENSHAN FAULT ZONE CUTTING GRANITIC ROCK

In this paper, we report friction experiments performed on natural fault gouge samples embedded in granitic rock from drilled core by a project entitled "the Longmenshan Fault Shallow Drilling(LMFD)". Compared with other natural fault gouge, this yellow-greenish gouge(YGG)is dominantly chlorite-rich. The maximum content of chlorite reaches 47%in the YGG. To understand the frictional properties of the YGG sample, experiments were performed at constant confining pressure of 130MPa, with constant pore pressure of 50MPa and at different temperatures from 25℃ to 150℃. The experiments aim to address the frictional behavior of the YGG under shallow, upper crustal pressure, and temperature conditions. Compared with previous studies of natural gouge, our results show that the YGG is stronger and shows a steady state friction coefficient of 0.47~0.51. Comparison with previous studies of natural gouge with similar content of clay minerals indicates a sequence of strengths of different clay minerals:chlorite > illite > smectite. At temperatures up to 150℃ hence depths up to~8km in the Longmenshan region, the YGG shows stable velocity-strengthening behavior at shallow crustal conditions. Combined with the fact of strong direct velocity effect, i.e., (a-b)/a>0.5, faults cutting the present clastic lithology up to~8km depth in the Longmenshan fault zone(LFZ)are likely to offer stable sliding resistance, damping co-seismic rupture propagating from below at not-too-high slip rates. However, as the fault gouge generally has low permeability, co-seismic weakening through thermal pressurization may occur at high slip rates(>0.05m/s), leading to additional hazards.     

基于树根桩加固的震后公路路基边坡综合修复技术

为实现震后路基边坡的快速修复,提出基于树根桩加固的震后公路路基边坡综合修复技术。根据路基震害及地质环境对路基边坡的影响分析因素,采用树根桩技术及气泡轻质填土技术修复路基边坡;利用三维有限差分法模拟树桩加固气泡轻质填土修复后路基边坡得到参数值,再结合强度折减法计算得到的路基边坡稳定系数,最后得到优化树根桩的设计参数,以实现震后路基边坡综合修复。以上方法通过仿真模拟实验,得到最优的树根桩排距为2.5 dm。