Study on dynamics of tectonic evolution in the Fushun Basin, Northeast China

The updated study shows that the taphrogenesis of basement of the Fushun Basin is not a kind of instantaneous process. It intensified gradually and went to extreme in the sedimentary stage of the Guchengzi formation, and then, it weakened rapidly and stopped soon afterwards; the depression did not take place after the taphrogenesis. On the contrary, it almost happened simultaneously with the taphrogenesis. The depression went at a high speed from the beginning of the sedimentary period of the Xilutian formation, and then weakened gradually in the sedimentary period of the Gengjiajie formation. The evolution course of the synsedimentary structure of the Fushun Basin can be summarized as the following six stages: slow taphrogenesis and high speed depression to accelerated taphrogenesis and high speed depression to high speed taphrogenesis and high speed depression to retarded taphrogenesis and high speed depression to gradual halt of taphrogenesis and reduced depression to slow depression and gradual halt of depression. The tectonic evolution resulted in the formation of the "lower taphrogenesis and upper depression" structure. The formation of the binary structure might be due to the suspension of taphrogenesis and the change of the regional structure stress field, but the depression kept going. The result of calculation combining the analysis of the synsedimentary structural frame, the back-stripping method of the subsidence history of the basin basement and the simulation of thermo-settlement history indicates that the great sedimentary space required by the "upper depression part" consists of two parts, namely, 40% from compaction of sediments and 60% from slow depression of the basin basement during a long period of time. Gradual halt of the depression in the Fushun Basin may be attributed to the reversal of the lithosphere hot-recession and gravity isostasy adjustment which may be the result of new hot-events in the depths and accompanied invasion of extremely thick diabase sill, thus revealing a new forming mechanism of "fault subsidence at the base and depression on the top" structure.     

华北地台北缘地球物理场特征与金属矿床预测

对华北地台北缘的地球物理场特征进行了探讨,根据重、磁异常数据反演计算了该地区的莫霍界面、居里界面、磁性界面的起伏.利用地球物理场资料和反演计算结果对该地区的构造格架和断裂进行了推断,同时预测了9个成矿远景区:(1)集宁一呼和浩特金成矿区;(2)张家口一赤城金、银多金属成矿区;(3)密云一高岭金、铜成矿区;(4)青龙一马兰庄金成矿区;(5)秦皇岛、金多金属成矿区;(6)郝家营多金属成矿区;(7)承德地区金、多金属成矿区;(8)赤峰一喀喇沁旗金成矿区;(9)宁城东金、多金属成矿区.     

Do the Austrian blackfly fauna (Diptera: Simuliidae) support the typological approach of the EU water framework directive?

The Austrian blackfly fauna were analysed with regard to spatial (ecoregions, bioregions), vertical (altitude classes) and longitudinal zonation characteristics [stream order, biocoenotic (= fish) regions] on the basis of 2600 investigation sites. Of a total of 45 species recorded, Simulium ornatum, S. variegatum, S. argyreatum and S. reptans are the most common and most frequently distributed species, occurring in 60% of the investigated sites. Although the Austrian blackfly fauna seem to be quite well documented (on average one investigation site per 32 km²) the jackknife analyses indicates that there are still some fauna deficits. Whereas the species diversity of the main ecoregions is quite similar, the number of species differs clearly between the bioregions. Within the typological context of the Water Framework Directive, the Austrian Simuliidae confirm the bioregions as the most useful spatial units for river typology. A further optimisation in predicting a target list of blackfly species of a site can be achieved by subdividing the bioregions into either catchment area and altitude classes or into longitudinal zonation types (biocoenotic regions).     

GIS专题数据综合的研究

随着GIS技术在各种应用领域的推广使用，各领域的专业数据与G1S的空间数据相结合，形成描述特定地理现象的各种专题数据。与GIS空间数据一样，专题数据的应用也由微观的、较为详细地描述小区域地理现象特征，转向宏观的、较为概略地描述较大范围地理现象特征，这是专题数据综合的主要任务。该文在讨论GIS专题数据类型及特征的基础上，着重分析了专题数据综合的基本类型，并提出了专题数据综合的概念模型，为GIS专题数据自动综合的实施提供理论依据和实施方案。     

海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷的油气运聚分析

海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷是一个以白垩系沉积为主的陆相断陷区。采用条件分析法,对贝尔凹陷的油气运聚条件及其成藏的基本模式进行了系统研究,认为,贝尔凹陷在剖面上有3套成藏组合,其中中部成藏组合最佳;在平面上可分为5个运聚系统,其中以位于凹陷西北部的3个系统为最佳。该凹陷不同构造部位的运聚条件相差较大,生烃洼陷深部位的油气运移以砂岩储集层和断裂为主要输导通道,构造高部位的油气运移以断裂为主,而两者之间的油气输导则以不整合面和断裂为主。在油气运聚和成藏模式分析的基础上,认为贝尔凹陷油气运聚的有利条件主要包括生油凹陷有充足的油源、生油区内有继承性发育的圈闭构造以及各运聚要素间存在良好的时空配置关系3个方面。     

山西大同市地域开发研究

在综合分析大同市地域结构现状，地域结构水平的基础上，采用聚类定量，逻辑定性分析相结合的方法，构筑了大同市区域发展的中心－外围地域结构，指出大同市在“九五”到２０１０年期间里，生产力布局应该采取强化中心，层次推进，延展轴链，驱动叶同的“风轮式”发展战略，塑造“一心，两面，四条链”的总体格局。     

湖北省随枣地区推覆构造格局的研究

研究区构造格局的基本特征是上地壳多层次自北而南的逆冲—拆离，柳林、洪清、大洪山３条逆掩断层与深部拆离面一起组成了尖端指向南的楔形薄皮构造。逆冲系统以背驮式扩展演化。多层次推覆构造格局因后期高角度断裂的切割破坏而复杂化，构造格局定型时代为燕山期     

冀西北麻粒岩区早前寒武纪主要地质事件的年代格架

本文通过年代学资料和其它地质依据建立了冀西北及邻区麻粒岩地体早前寒武纪主要地质事件的年代格架。早期的基性火山喷发事件发生在2868—2932Ma期间,形成本区的早期地壳。在2761Ma左右发生了大规模的TTG岩浆侵位事件,在2650Ma时发生了基性岩浆侵位,使地壳加厚。在2561—2503Ma期间,花岗闪长质岩浆在本区广泛侵入,使地壳进一步加厚。2477—2461Ma期间,紫苏花岗岩以岩株形式侵入,同时发生区域麻粒岩相变质,早期地壳受到改造。大约在2300Ma时发生第二阶段的麻粒岩相变质。此后,在2144—2087Ma期间红色花岗岩侵位,形成花岗岩带。     

华北地台东部寒武系层序地层年代格架

北地台寒武系属稳定的克拉通盆地陆表海沉积。其沉积层序表现为复合层序，主要受全球海平面变化和沉积物补给因素的控制。自下而上可划分为１７个正层序，归并为６个正层序组和２个中层序。大部分正层序的边界与生物地层单位一致，与岩石地层单位略有出入。每个正层序的平均时间延续约为３Ｍａ，含两个三叶虫化石带。根据层序地层的研究，可以建立华北寒武系层序地层年代格架，并提出各统和阶的界线参考年龄。     

湖北省土壤侵蚀景观空间异质性及驱动因子分析

地域分异是地球表层大小不等、内部具有一定相似性地段之间的相互分化以及由此产生的差异。为了研究不同区位土壤侵蚀问题，从土壤生态景观及系统论出发，运用地质学、地理学、景观生态学、环境学的理论和研究方法，研究湖北省土壤侵蚀景观空间格局及其驱动因子，使土壤侵蚀问题研究提高到一个新的水平。湖北省土壤侵蚀景观具有南北分带、东西分区，为一不对称的断块一环组合，土壤流呈现向长江、江汉盆地中心轴带辐聚、单流向特点。景观空间异质性形成的首要驱动因子是大地构造背景，以房县一襄樊一广济断裂带为界，南北两侧地壳物质组成和构造发展史存在较明显的差异，现代气候带、降雨量、温热程度及土地利用等差异，造成了湖北省区域土壤地理、土壤生态的分异，形成湖北省土壤生态带、区具有南北分带，东西分区的宏观格局；其次大兴安岭一武陵山深部构造陡变带两侧新构造运动强度差异、大别造山带构造强烈隆升，导致土壤侵蚀强度的西强东弱、南北强中间弱的态势；成土母岩差异性决定了土壤可蚀性的多变；空间上“土壤侵蚀内城区”分布在湖北省的周边地区，经济贫困、管理落后，这一地区的经济水平与水土流失间形成“自反馈作用”，这一现象在我国水土保持、生态建设工作中应该引起重视。