Biota of a subalpine springbrook in the Southern Alps

The flora and fauna of a subalpine springbrook at Cass in the Southern Alps of New Zealand was studied from April 1975 to January 1976. Spring water was moderately hard (30.0 g.m.^‐3), with high concentrations of dissolved oxygen (> 90% saturation) and carbon dioxide (5–14 g.m^‐3) and a temperature of 6.0–6.5°C. Three mosses covered much of the stream bed and formed distinct zones. Fissidens rigidulus inhabited torrential, water near the middle of the channel, Pterygophyllum quadrijarium. grew in the water‐saturated inner spray zone, and Cratoneuropsis relaxa inhabited the outer spray zone. In moss samples, 44 species of invertebrates were collected, mainly immature stages of insects. Zelandoperla jenestrata (Plecoptera), Zelolessica cheira (Trichoptera) a species of Empididae (Diptera) and several species of Chironomidae were most abundant in Fissidens; Austroperla cyrene (Plecoptera), a species of Helodidae (Coleoptera) and a triclad, Neppia montana, were most abundant in Pterygophyllum; an isopod, Styloniscus otakensis, was the only common animal on Cratoneuropsis. It is suggested that animal microdistribution patterns reflect differences in water saturation, flow rates, and detritus trapping ability within the moss zones.     

国内外城市规划实施管理比较研究

通过对比分析美国、英国、德国和我国的城市规划实施管理制度,了解到西方发达国家城市规划具有规划设计可实施性和法律权威性强、实施管理程序简洁高效、城市规划调整程序严谨等优点,但在充分发挥建筑师的创造性、引导和促进城市开发建设等方面存在一定的局限性.我们应该认真吸取他们的成功经验,以期为推进我国规划实施管理制度改革与创新提供有益的借鉴.     

波浪研究中的多分辨方法

简要介绍了应用子波变换方法进行波浪研究的方法。结合Ｍｏｒｌｅｔ连续子波和Ｄａｕｂｅｃｈｉｅｓ离散子波变换,给出了波浪的依时频谱和多尺度分解,通过应用认为子波变换对波浪的非平稳过程、波浪的局部性和非线性研究具有重要的意义     

Seismic site effects by an optimized 2D BE/FE method I. Theory, numerical optimization and application to topographical irregularities

This paper deals with the evaluation of seismic site effects due to the local topographical and geotechnical characteristics. The amplification of surface motions is calculated by a numerical method combining finite elements in the near field and boundary elements in the far field (FEM/BEM). The numerical technique is improved by time truncation. In the first part of this article, the accuracy and the relevance of this optimized method are presented. Moreover, parametric studies are done on slopes, ridges and canyons to characterize topographical site effects. The second part deals with sedimentary valleys. The complexity of the combination of geometrical and sedimentary effects is underlined. Extensive parametrical studies are done to discriminate the topographical and geotechnical effects on seismic ground movement amplifications in two-dimensional irregular configurations. Characteristic coefficients are defined to predict the amplifications of horizontal displacements. The accuracy of this quantitative evaluation technique is tested and discussed.     

广西边境地区旅游区位与资源优势及其利用

广西边境地区背靠南西南腹地,面不南旅游热点地区,是中越边贸的主要集散地和我国与东南亚等地的重要通道,区域内具有在历史军事遗迹,壮文化风性、南亚热带滨海风光、喀斯特峰丛,峰林山水风光和森林与珍稀生物景观待特色性旅游资源,因此,本区应抓好政策与发展机遇,以资源优势为依托,积极参与区域旅游协作,发挥区位优势,加快边境跨国旅游的发展,注重旅游资源的持续利用,使旅游业稳步蓬勃发展。     

重庆两江新区建设变化监测技术体系研究

以重庆市第一次地理国情普查成果为基础,结合历史存档的多期航空、航天影像资料及相关部门专题数据资料,开展重庆两江新区建设变化监测技术体系研究,为新区建设的监管提供支撑。     

试论杏树台矿区五元素建造矿床的开发

河北省内邱县杏树台矿区赋存一定规模的钴、镍、砷、铋、银等元素,被有关专家确定为"五元素建造",具有一定的工业价值和良好的开发前景,现已基本探明矿山储量,成矿规律,有益、有害元素的组成,需及早进行工业性试验和开发利用,造福于人类,为当地工业发展做出应有的贡献。     

An assessment of coefficient accuracy in linear regression models with spatially varying coefficients

The realization in the statistical and geographical sciences that a relationship between an explanatory variable and a response variable in a linear regression model is not always constant across a study area has led to the development of regression models that allow for spatially varying coefficients. Two competing models of this type are geographically weighted regression (GWR) and Bayesian regression models with spatially varying coefficient processes (SVCP). In the application of these spatially varying coefficient models, marginal inference on the regression coefficient spatial processes is typically of primary interest. In light of this fact, there is a need to assess the validity of such marginal inferences, since these inferences may be misleading in the presence of explanatory variable collinearity. In this paper, we present the results of a simulation study designed to evaluate the sensitivity of the spatially varying coefficients in the competing models to various levels of collinearity. The simulation study results show that the Bayesian regression model produces more accurate inferences on the regression coefficients than does GWR. In addition, the Bayesian regression model is overall fairly robust in terms of marginal coefficient inference to moderate levels of collinearity, and degrades less substantially than GWR with strong collinearity.     

从欧州一体化看泛北部湾经济合作途径

区域经济一体化是当前世界发展的重要趋势。回顾欧洲一体化走过的道路给了我们很多启示:必须树立合作理念,确立核心力量,建立有效的制度约束,适时选择利益切合点,深入推进泛北部湾经济合作。当务之急是要把泛北部湾经济合作上升为国家战略,解决经济合作中主体对等问题。同时,把能源合作问题作为泛北部湾经济合作的重点,这不仅可以有效阻止第三方势力进入,而且还可以有助于提高我国能源通道的安全性,并与国家在北部湾地区布局重大石化项目的战略形成呼应。     

Trophic ecology of black scabbardfish,Aphanopus carbo in the NE Atlantic—Assessment through stomach content and stable isotope analyses

The black scabbardfish is a deep water species of high commercial interest in the NE Atlantic. Specimens were collected from commercial trawls to the west of the British Isles and from longliners operating near Madeira between September 2008 and May 2010. Stomach content analysis was confined to samples from the northern area, because of a high number of empty stomachs from Madeira. Stable isotope analyses identified that black scabbardfish feeds on species with epipelagic and benthopelagic affinities. For the west of British Isles, the δN values were significantly different between seasons suggesting a change in the diet throughout the year. Black scabbardfish have higher δN and δC values compared with other co-occurring benthopelagic feeders and lower nitrogen values than the true benthic predators and/or scavengers. Comparison with stable isotope analysis in samples from Madeira indicated that black scabbardfish feed at a similar trophic level and has the same trophic niche width in both areas, assuming similar baseline isotope compositions. The diet in the northern area comprised fish (68% N), crustaceans (22% N) and cephalopods (15% N) with blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) constituting 40% of the prey. Seasonal shift in diet was observed, with a predominance of blue whiting (70%) in the first quarter of the year, shifting to a more diverse diet in the remainder of the year. These results indicate that the diet of black scabbardfish is closely linked with the seasonal migration of blue whiting and that they likely select prey in proportion to availability. This study demonstrates that the combined used of both methods can elucidate the trophic ecology of black scabbardfish, in situations where conventional methods alone provide insufficient data.