博斯腾湖流域气候及湖陆风

通过流域多个气象站的资料，分析了流域气候条件，并通过对湖区测点的气象观测资料与陆区测点－ 焉耆站的同步资料对比分析，讨论了博斯腾湖区域小气候其湖陆风特征。     

A note on the chemical composition of lake water in the Laguna Amarga,a saline lake in Patagonia,Chile

The chemical composition of lake water in Laguna Amarga, a small, shallow, saline lake near the Torres del Paine National Park (at 51°S), Chilean Patagonia, was studied in January, 1993. The water was strongly alkaline (pH 9.4) conductivity was 71.4 mS cm^–1, and salinity was 77 g L^–1. The major ions were sodium and sulphate.     

Coastal Massachusetts pond development: edaphic,climatic, and sea level impacts since deglaciation

Kettle ponds in the Cape Cod National Seashore in southeastern Massachusetts differ in their evolution due to depth of the original ice block, the clay content of outwash in their drainage basins, and their siting in relation to geomorphic changes caused by sea-level rise, barrier beach formation, and saltmarsh development. Stratigraphic records of microfossil, carbon isotope, and sediment changes also document late-glacial and Holocene climatic changes.The ponds are separated into 3 groups, each of which follow different development scenarios. Group I ponds date from the late-glacial. They formed in clay-rich outwash, have perched aquifers and continuous lake sediment deposition. The earliest pollen and macrofossil assemblages in Group I pond sediments suggest tundra and spruce-willow parklands before 12 000 yr B.P., boreal forest between 12 000 and 10 500 yr B.P., bog/heath initiation and expansion during the Younger Dryas between 11 000 and 10 000 yr B.P., northern conifer forest between 10 500 and 9500 yr B.P., and establishment of the Cape oak and pitch pine barrens vegetation after 9500 yr B.P. Sedimentation rate changes suggest lowered freshwater levels between 9000 and 5000 yr B.P. caused by decreased precipitation on the Atlantic Coastal Plain. Lake sediment deposition began in the middle Holocene in Group II ponds which formed in clay-poor outwash. These ponds date from about 6000-5000 yr B.P. In these ponds sediment deposition began as sea level rose and the freshwater lens intersected the dry basins. The basal radiocarbon dates of these ponds and stable carbon isotope analyses of the pond sediments suggest a sea-level curve for Cape Cod Bay. Holocene topographic changes in upland and the landscape surrounding the ponds is reconstructed for this coastal area.Group III ponds in the late Holocene landscape of the Provincelands dunes originated as interdunal bogs about 1000 yr B.P. and became ponds more recently as water-levels increased. Peat formation in the Provincelands reflects climatic changes evident on both sides of the Atlantic region.This is the 8th in a series of papers published in this special AMQUA issue. These papers were presented at the 1994 meeting of the American Quaternary Association held 19–22 June, 1994, at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. Dr Linda C. K. Shane served as guest editor for these papers.     

Spatial uniformity of sediment accumulation in varved lake sediments in northern Sweden

As part of an investigation aimed at assessing the potential of northern Swedish varved lake sediments for fine-resolution reconstruction of past climatic conditions, the following questions were addressed; how representative is a single core, does the appearance of varves change as the sediment ages, and how can varve thickness and within-varve structures be digitized? Analyses of replicate cores from Kassjön, using sample sequences of seasonal, annual and centennial time resolution, show that spatial variability of sediment accumulation in the varved sediment is very low. Comparisons of intensity curves from image analysis of freeze cores of recent sediments from Lake Nylandssjön, sampled in 1980 and 1985, indicate that the varves acquire their appearance at the sediment-water interface during sedimentation and that the varve structures are preserved during diagenetic processes. Measurement of varve thicknesses with a tree-ring microscope and with image analysis gave similar results. However, with image analysis, within-varve structures such as colour variations and thicknesses of seasonal layers, can also be recorded, increasing the possibilities for palaeolimnological and palaeoclimatic inferences.     

湖北凤梨山铅锌矿床的闪锌矿标型特征及其成因探讨

凤梨山铅锌矿产于中酸性岩浆岩与三叠系海相碳酸盐地层的热接触变质晕内。闪锌矿为主要的矿石矿物。其成矿作用可分为沉积成岩同生成矿期（I）、渗流热水成矿溶液改造富集成矿期（Ⅱ）和热接触变质成矿期（Ⅲ）。本文根据闪锌矿的地质产状、矿物共生组合及成矿作用的特点，对它进行了物理化和化学性质、矿物包裹体特征、硫与铅同位素地球化学的研究，并探讨了它的成因问题。     

地台活化与层控铅锌矿床

本文主要介绍大多数层控铅锌矿床是产在半封闭沉积盆地碳酸盐岩中,属同生沉积成因。在地台活化时期,由于扬子地台西南缘从稳定地块转向活化。在构造-岩浆作用时期,火山喷气导致了金属聚积。因此,所有的矿床均表现出受超壳大断裂控制,这些矿床可认为是同生沉积-火山喷气成因。     

东台吉乃尔盐湖卤水的相化学研究（Ⅱ）—冬夏季卤水蒸发实验

为了研究东台吉乃尔盐湖卤水蒸发时的相化学，确定钾、镁和锂盐的结晶特性，在实验室内２５℃等温蒸发实验基础上和自然条件下进行了冬夏季日晒蒸发试验．东台吉乃尔盐湖卤水是由氯化钠饱和的多组分复杂体系构成的．卤水中存在的离子是Ｎａ＋、Ｋ＋、Ｍｇ２＋、Ｌｉ＋、Ｃａ２＋、Ｂ３＋、ＳＯ４２－和Ｃｌ－．试验数据与Ｎａ＋、Ｋ＋、Ｍｇ２＋Ｃｌ－、ＳＯ４２－ＫＨ２Ｏ五元体系介稳平衡数据进行了讨论和比较．Ａｕｔｅｎｒｉｅｔｈ相图被用来表示各数据间的关系和证明冬夏季蒸发时结晶行为的差别．     

内蒙甲生盘层控硫铅锌矿床汞的岩石地球化学特征

本文以526个岩石样品的Hg、Zn测定及闪锌矿单矿物Hg的热释温度测定为基础,探讨了甲生盘层控硫铅锌矿床Hg的岩石地球化学异常特征,提出了以Hg×100/Zn为指标研究成矿后侵入体的热力对Hg的驱赶作用的可能性。从岩体向外250m的距离内,该比值逐渐从2升高到7。原生Hg异常的研究有利于解释该地壤中汞气异常的形成。已经证实,壤中汞气测量对寻找这类矿床是有效的。     

The fate of Chernobyl radiocesium in the River Öre catchment,northern Sweden

A¹³⁷Cs-balance for the catchment of the River Öre in central northern Sweden which received about 30 kBq m^–2 of radiocesium from the Chernobyl accident was calculated for the period 1986–1991. Altogether, slightly less than 10% of the total deposition in the catchment was estimated to be exported from the terrestrial parts during this period of time. More than 90% of this loss is transported with the River Öre to the outer sea of the Gulf of Bothnia. The retention in Lake Örträsket which is the only lake along the river course and the Öre Estuary outside the river mouth was thus slightly less than 10%. Nearly all of the radiocesium deposited in the lake is permanently retained in the sediments and successively covered with less radioactive sediment. A considerable export of radiocesium from the estuary to the outer sea takes place due to resuspension and subsequent transport by wind and wave generated currents.