海口湾的溶解氧及海水水质指标限制值问题

海水溶解氧对海洋生物的生存、生长和发育相当重要,与生物活动有着密切的联系,它的含量变化是反映生物生长状况的一个重要标志,同时也是污染监测的重要指标.海口湾是海南省的重点海域,1989年以来,陈春华等对海口湾的环境问题进行了大量的研究[1~6],本论文就海口湾的溶解氧监测结果进行分析,并发现了溶解氧水质标准限制值存在的问题.每年在该湾布设10余个站点进行污染监测,有必要对海口湾近7年监测结果进行综合分析.     

浅水波长计算问题

浅水波周期保持常值,而波长缩减时其计算需进行迭代。提出了两个精度较高的经验公式供计算应用。水深波长比差值ΔLD0的变化规律反映出浅水波长缩减为一复杂过程,并与波能密度加大相关。LD0≤0.14时,特别是LD0=0.056前后,其特征会更加显著,由此可探讨波长变化的内在机理。     

地震标准中术语存在的问题及分析

以1999-2019年底正式颁布的地震标准中的术语为研究对象,采用标准化工作原理和统计分析方法,通过搜集整理、分类统计、逐条分析,提出了地震标准中术语存在的问题,分析了其产生的原因;按照对比分析的方法,给出了具体示例及分析结果,并对地震标准化术语工作及术语编写提出了一些建议.     

基于XML的元数据技术在GIS中的应用

阐述了元数据的概念,介绍了目前国际上的几种元数据标准,分析了地理空间元数据技术在地理信息系统的重要地位,并结合具体的项目实践经验阐述了在地理信息系统中使用XMLSchema表示元数据结构、使用XML对象表示元数据、使用XML编辑器编辑元数据以及在关系数据库中使用树形拆分法存储元数据的方法。     

农业资源信息标准参考模型研究

为满足全社会对农业资源信息共享的迫切需求,使农业资源信息标准化的工作在统一的框架下进行,借鉴国际地理信息标准制定的思路,初步提出了农业资源信息标准化的技术框架--农业资源信息标准参考模型。该标准参考模型是由指导标准、通用标准、专用标准和领域标准等三个部分组成。本文重点阐述了5个指导标准、4类通用标准的标准组成和要点,提出依据基础标准制定专用标准作为农业资源信息较低层次标准制定的重要原则与方法。农业资源信息标准参考模型对于以信息的积累与服务为主的行业信息标准化具有普遍的指导意义。     

"标准正态转换法"用于化探数据特征的"反推"以及系统误差的调平

将水系沉积物样本数据转换到具有岩石样样本数据特征的水平上,近似地称为水系沉积物样品的"反推".文章利用"标准正态转换法"对此作了一些探讨:将两者的样本数据都转换成标准正态分布的形态,在此基础上,再将水系沉积物样本数据转换到岩石样水平.该样本数据的总体特征具有岩石样样本的数据特征.该方法还可以对工作区内不同区块分析数据的系统误差进行调平.并以1∶ 25万四子王旗幅为例说明了该方法在这两方面的应用.     

一种污水排海的近远区计算与控制方法──以大亚湾水容量计算及污水排海为例

针对点容量计算中混合区限制的要求，采用了动量积分法、经验公式法和有限差分法，分别对污水排放后可能引起的近区、过渡区和远区的污水浓度变化进行了模拟预测，并就一定的限制性条件对容量点近区、高浓度混合区及容量点远区影响范围进行了分析。在大亚湾水容量计算及污水排海规划中的应用表明，该法具有计算机时较省、精度相对较高等优点。     

武汉主城区液化潜能分区研究

搜集并整理武汉主城区地震安全性评价控制性钻孔SPT-N资料,配合武汉市地震动参数小区划成果,采用规范法对各场地土层在罕遇地震作用下液化可能性进行判别。以液化指数作为分区指标并结合各场地坐标,绘制武汉主城区液化潜能分区图。分区图初步预测了罕遇地震发生以后,可能发生液化的区域及其严重性,且表明无论是分布面积还是液化潜能,长江右岸均大于长江左岸。通过与4次历史大震液化资料的对比分析,武汉主城区可能液化场地具有地下水位埋深浅、液化土层分布范围广、埋藏深度大的特点。     

彩色全息显示中液晶空间光调制器位相调制偏差的矫正方法

采用三基色激光照明并结合时分复用或空间复用技术,可实现基于液晶空间光调制器(LC-SLM)的彩色全息显示. 但由于在不同激光波长入射条件下LC-SLM的位相调制特性曲线不同,难以同时满足多波长入射条件下2π线性位相调制的要求,致使彩色全息再现结果受到共轭像和零级斑的干扰. 针对该问题,本文通过实验测试获得LC-SLM在不同波长入射时的位相调制特性曲线,并分析了RGB激光器各分量的位相调制特性曲线非线性偏差和调制幅度偏差对多阶位相型傅里叶变换相息图再现效果的影响. 根据"查表法"建立了各波长入射条件下满足2     

Analysis and prediction of household carbon emission in northwest China北大核心CSCD

The economic development, living standard of residents and carbon emissions in Northwest China are lower than the national average. However,with the favorable policies the economic development is being improved and the household living standard is gradually raised up which will lead to an increase of the residents living carbon emissions, and the emission pattern will also be affected. This is detrimental to the fragile ecological environment of the Northwest China. At present, most of the researches on residents' carbon emissions are focused on the eastern and southern regions of China where there are frequent and significant human activities and high carbon emissions, and less attention has been paid to the northwest region, but the increase of carbon emissions and the increase of environmental costs have a more far-reaching impact on the less developed areas. In addition, when researchers pay attention to the prediction of residents' carbon emissions, they usually focus on the quantitative prediction and ignore the spatial pattern prediction, which is not conducive to the coordinated development between regions. Based on the data of energy consumption and consumption expenditure in the five provinces of Northwest China, including Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang from 1997 to 2016, this paper firstly used the direct coefficient method to measure the residents' direct carbon emissions, and the input-output method to calculate the indirect carbon emissions of the residents and analyzes the present situation of residents' carbon emissions in the northwest region. Secondly, based on standard deviation ellipse and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model, the carbon emissions of residents in Northwest China were predicted in terms of quantity and spatial pattern from 2017 to 2021. Major results are listed as follows: From 1997 to 2016, household carbon emissions in Northwest China showed a rising trend with an initial slow pace followed by a quick pace. The direct carbon emissions were stabilized in the range from 0. 3 × 108 t to 0. 4 × 108 t,and the indirect carbon emissions reached 2. 38 × 108 t. The spatial distribution of household carbon emissions in Northwest China was generally steady with a direction pattern from northwest to southeast. And the moving trend of standard deviation ellipse was from northwest to southeast to northwest, and the center of standard deviation ellipse moved around the point of (99. 07 °E,38. 19°N). From 2017 to 2021, the direct household carbon emissions in Northwest China reach to 0.543 × 108 t and the indirect carbon emissions are 3. 631 × 108 t by 2021. With the development of the western region in China and the promotion of poverty alleviation,Xinjiang Province had a lower emission than Shaanxi,but it had the higher growth rate than Shaanxi. These factors are all driving the main areas of carbon emission northwestward. The purpose of this paper is to recommend how to coordinate between the population and consumption and the environment, leading citizens to establish the value of low-carbon consumption. © 2019 Science Press (China). All rights reserved.