CASIO fx-4850P计算器在钢结构桥梁放样中的应用

结合宁波市杭州湾新区跨十塘横江桥工程实例,介绍了CASIO fx-4850P可编程计算器在钢结构桥梁工程安装测量过程中的应用。由于在现场测量过程中,钢结构节段的上口4个角点并不能完全通视。考虑到CASIO fx-4850P的便携性,特别设计了由上口3个角点推算第4个角点的程序,以便对节段的上口平面有所整体把握。在程序的设计过程中,利用高程系与平面系的独立性,避免列立复杂方程求解,而是将上口角点投影到XOY坐标平面,将问题简化为平面求解问题。     

Stability analysis of membrane‐reinforced curved earth retaining walls,using a multiphase approach

The stability analysis of curved earth retaining walls, stabilized by reinforcing membranes, is investigated by means of a multiphase model developed in the framework of the yield design approach. This model is an extension of that previously developed for soils reinforced by linear inclusions. It combines the advantage of a homogenization approach in terms of improved computational efficiency, with its capability to account for a specific soil–reinforcement failure condition, in a rational and systematic way. Application of this model is performed on the illustrative example of a cylindrical‐reinforced retaining wall by means of the kinematic approach of yield design, which provides upper bound estimates for the retaining wall stability factor. Nondimensional charts are finally presented assessing the influence of relevant parameters such as the curvature of the wall, the length of the reinforcing membranes or the reinforcement pull‐out resistance. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

GIS空间分析模型的建立

GIS的发展已有了30年的历史,在此期间人们的注意力多集中于空间数据结构及计算机制图方面,有关空间分析的问题尚不突出,但在今天,对于空间数据结构的研究已相对成熟,计算机制产了达到了实用化水平,实用的软件以及实际的系统均有计多成功的实例,因此系统的空间的空间分析功能就成为人们倍加关注的热点,可以认为,GIS的发展已从数据库型GIS进入分析型GIS的阶段。本文正是基于此,对空间分析的方法作了理论上的探讨,提出了按处理对象（图像,数据,事件）的不同来相应开发GIS软件的通用型,专用型空间分析模型,并分别采取“内嵌”或“外挂”的途径予以结合。最后以电力GIS中不同空间分析模型不同的建立方法为例,说明此咱分类方法可有效的解决时间,资金与人力资源的矛盾,具有很高的实用价值。     

基于公路单曲线三维坐标计算编程模型

可编程序计算器在公路放样坐标计算没有真正实现数据资源共享和有效连接。本文建立三维坐标计算模型,并对计算进行一一剖析,同时给出其通用的计算公式,为优化组合创造了条件,也为二维计算转三维计算打下了基础。一段曲线起算数据仅一次键入,计算的任意性和无限循环性,使野外放样人员作业效率大大提升,实践表明,该方法是可行的,计算模型是可靠的。     

麻痹性贝毒在文蛤体内的累积及净化技术研究

试验研究分毒素累积和解毒两个阶段,丈蛤（Meretrix meretrix）对麻痹性贝毒（Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning,PSP）的累积能力试验中每天投喂一定量塔玛亚历山大藻（Alexandrium tamarense）,定期测定丈蛤体内的毒素含量;解毒试验通过投喂饵料和水体消毒的“内排外解...     

测量机器人在隧道自动化监测中的应用

当今,我国地铁发展迅速,许多城市地铁线路已逐步形成网状结构,这样有利于换乘,节省空间,但在新建隧道下穿既有隧道时,施工对既有隧道的安全会造成一定影响。为了在不影响既有线路运营的情况下确保安全,自动化监测成为不可缺少的一部分。本文主要阐述测量机器人在隧道自动化监测中的应用。     

Assessment of the dynamic response of unreinforced masonry structures using a macroelement modeling approach

The seismic performance of unreinforced masonry structures is strongly associated with the interaction between in‐plane and out‐of‐plane mechanisms. The seismic response of these structures has been thoroughly investigated by means of experimental testing, analytical procedures, and computational approaches. Within the framework of the numerical simulations, models based on the finite element method provide a good prediction of the seismic performance of unreinforced masonry structures. However, they usually require a high computational cost and advanced user expertise to define appropriate mechanical properties and to interpret the numerical results. Because of these limitations, simplified models for practical applications have been developed during the last decades. Despite this, a great number of these models focus mostly on the evaluation of the in‐plane response, assuming box (or integral) behavior of the structure. In this paper, a simplified macroelement modeling approach is used to simulate the seismic response of 2 masonry prototypes taking into consideration the combined in‐plane and out‐of‐plane action. The numerical investigations were performed in the static and dynamic fields by using pushover analyses and nonlinear dynamic analyses respectively. The latter is a novel implementation of a model previously developed for static analysis. The results obtained from this study are in good agreement with those provided by a detailed nonlinear continuum FE approach, demonstrating the applicability of this macroelement model with a significant reduction of the computational cost.     

Out‐of‐plane strength reduction of unreinforced masonry walls because of in‐plane damages

There are numerous studies on the behavior of Unreinforced Masonry (URM) walls in both in‐plane (IP) and out‐of‐plane (OP) directions; however, few aimed at understanding the simultaneous contribution of these intrinsic responses during earthquakes. Undoubtedly, even a strong URM wall shows weakened capacity in the OP direction because of minor cracks and other damages in the IP direction, and this capacity reduction has not yet been accounted for in seismic codes. In this study, performance of three URM walls is evaluated by several numerical analyses in terms of the OP capacity reduction because of IP displacements and failure modes. Several parameters influencing the OP capacity have been studied including aspect ratio, roof boundary condition, IP displacement and IP loading patterns. The results indicate that reduction in the OP capacity of URM walls varies from negligible to very high depending on boundary conditions, IP failure mode and IP damage severity. Moreover, IP loading pattern is more important in walls with higher aspect ratios because of their IP failure modes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A numerical study on the cumulative out‐of‐plane damage to church masonry façades due to a sequence of strong ground motions

Seismic shocks occur sometimes as a sequence, close in space and time, of destructive events of comparable intensity. In these cases, a significant portion of the damage to historical buildings can be related with the cumulated damage on structures that become progressively more vulnerable. This research investigates the specific increase of damage determined by a sequence of strong ground motions, focusing the interest on the out‐of‐plane response of 2 church masonry façades. The dynamic analyses were performed by a specific rigid body and spring model RBSM, which only accounts for out‐of‐plane damage mechanisms. Two idealized models of façade, each made of 2 different masonry bonds, have been studied by applying various sequences of recorded accelerograms. The results highlighted a complex relationship between the spectral content of the seismic shocks and the characteristics of the structures that change in the course of the loading sequence due to the development of damage. The Housner spectral intensity proved to be a reliable scalar measure of the ground motion destructiveness for these façades. Moreover, when considering a design‐consistent accelerogram that causes a relevant damage pattern, ie, with a significant elongation of the effective first period of vibration, the numerical results indicated a possible spectral intensity threshold below which the occurrence of repeated seismic shocks, both before and after the reference design shock, can be considered as irrelevant. On the other hand, a catastrophic increase of damage should be expected when this threshold is overcome.     

博白县雷电灾害防御工作现状及应对措施

通过对博白县雷电灾害防御工作现状分析,找出博白县当前防雷工作突出问题,提出进一步做好雷电灾害防御工作的应对措施。