论静电场与静磁场场方程的微分形式

本文从库仑定律和比沙定律出发,直接用del算符对场量进行运算得出场方程的微分形式,以此表示场的基本方程是从实验规律出发对场的本质更为普遍化的概括,并指出在两种不同媒质的交界面处场方程的微分形式不再适用。     

Stratigraphic correlation of subsurface geologic data by computer

Manual, semiautomatic, and fully automatic procedures for correlating subsurface data are reviewed. Special emphasis is placed on the use of electric-log data, including that of the dipmeter log, in this discussion. The Holgate method is described for its use in fine-tuning or refining gross correlations. A procedure for creating a matrix map for empirically establishing correlation between sets of data is described, and idealized models are shown.This paper was presented at the 38th Session of the International Statistical Institute, Washington, D.C., 10–20 August 1971.     

甘肃中川地区雷暴的地闪特征

利用在甘肃中川地区一次雷暴过程的５站电场变化同步观测资料,对１９９６年８月１２日的４次地闪过程分析发现甘肃中川地区负地闪回击所中和的负电荷离地高度为２．７４～５．４１ｋｍ（对应环境温度为－２．０～－１５．０℃）,而正地闪回击所中和的正电荷离地高度低于２．０ｋｍ（对应环境温度为±５．０℃）。正地闪放电过程较负地闪中和的电荷量要大７倍左右。在雷暴初期及活跃期前期,地闪回击发生之前有持续１７０～３００ｍｓ的云内放电过程,它发生在云下部正电荷区和主负电荷区。与雷达回波的对比发现,负地闪发生在雷暴大于２０ｄＢｚ的强回波区或４０ｄＢｚ强回波边缘而正地闪却发生在相对较弱的回波区域。     

正环境电场中闪电先导的始发和传播

为了研究中国内陆高原雷暴正极性闪电放电的特点,中日两国科学家于１９９７年７～８月在甘肃省平凉市联合进行了人工触发闪电野外实验。利用设在离触发点约３．５ｋｍ处的高速数字化摄像系统结合在闪道底部的电流测量记录,对在正环境电场中触发的两次闪电的初始先导的发生和发展特点进行了研究。资料分析表明,这两次触发闪电都是由火箭顶部始发的上行负先导传输入云而形成短暂的连续电流放电过程,整个放电持续时间分别只有１７和２６ｍｓ。先导在垂直方向的传输速度随时间而增加,平均值约为３．５×１０５ｍ／ｓ。正环境电场中的先导在向云底传输过程中可能产生多个分枝,但它们一般只存在几毫秒时间就消亡了,只有少数分枝能够发展入云。主通道的亮度综合反映了各分枝亮度的变化,而它本身又与在闪道底部测量记录到的闪电放电电流变化存在很好的对应关系。     

用古里雅冰芯的pH值及电导率探讨该冰川作用区的干湿变化(英)

Soluble salts on the surface ground in Guliya ice cap area change with climatic factors, especially with dry and wet conditions. pH and electric conductivity values of the Guliya ice core depend on soluble salts originated from surrounding arid or semi-arid regions, therefore the dry and wet changes can be approached by them. Results show that the approached dry and wet changes since the little ice age are consistent with that deduced from δ18O and accumulation rate.     

电偶源电场的时间谱转换为频谱的误差探讨

基于层状导电和可极化大地表面,电偶源电场的时间谱在无随机干扰和有随机干扰时,进行频谱转换的计算结果,证明了时—频转换的误差传递问题严重。但是,采用窗口（圆滑）滤波可以有效压制随机干扰,使时—频转换达到必要的计算精度。     

灾害天气对日照市电力事故的影响研究

利用雷雨、大风等灾害天气资料和电力事故历史数据资料,分析了电力事故发生的时空分布特征及其与雷雨、大风、日平均气温等天气要素之间的关系。进而利用事件概率回归（regression estimation of event probability,REEP）和Logistic回归分析方法,得到了日照市电力事故发生概率与雷雨、大风和日平均气温之间关系的预警模型。研究结果表明：1）雷雨、大风是造成日照市电力事故的重要气象因素。2）雷雨、大风和高温等灾害天气对电力事故的发生虽都有促成作用,但影响能力存在较大差距。3）两种回归分析模型对因子和变量之间关系均有较好的拟合效果,相较而言,REEP模型更为直观,Logistic回归分析方法更为客观,适用性更强。4）回归分析结果建立在客观资料基础上,回归模型具有准确性、实用性,可为电力事故预警发布系统提供理论和技术支持。     

计算最优化离散波数的优化算法

在阐述用最优化方法计算离散波数的基础上,对波数初值的给定及偏导数矩阵的计算方法作了进一步的改进,使其在数学推理上更加严密;在计算量和计算精度方面也有了很大的改善,并简化了程序设计。通过试算发现,反付氏变换的均方误差随波数个数的变化规律,即在变化曲线上存在转折点,在转折点之后误差趋于平稳变化。选取转折点处的波数个数作为反付氏变换的波数个数,这样在正演、反演过程中,既保证了计算精度,又节约了计算时间。     

Economic-Geological Estimation of Gold and Ore Deposits Using Information-Analytical System for the Selection of Analogues

The computer system is developed for evaluation of gold deposits over the world using data collected by experts in the field of gold deposit geology. With the system in use, gold object of interest can be described on the basis of selected groups of tags. The similarity of the considered object to an object from the database is estimated by designed algorithms on the basis of available information characterizing the considered object. These algorithms allow to apply mathematical methods for analysis of the problem what improves quality and reliability of the results. By the method of analogue determination, user can always evaluate unknown properties of the considered object, as for example, ore formation type, economic geological estimate of the deposit on the basis of known properties of the determined analogue.The software equipped by an intuitive graphical interface is developed with use of GIS technologies and modern methods of object-oriented programming.     

大型风浪水槽风速分布的测量和分析

对风浪水槽风速分布精确测量，较详细地获得了该水槽风速分布的基本特征和边界对风场的影响情况。明确了水槽边壁和有限的空间限制是影响模拟实验的重要因素。这项工作对于合理选择实验区段，估计实验误差等有重要意义。