电测井中电流参数对地层的分辨能力分析

常规电测井一般通过测量供电电极的电流和测量电极之间的电位差来计算围岩的视电阻率并划分地层界面,而忽略了对电流参数的利用。本文基于欧姆定律,通过供电电极电流的变化定性分析其周围岩矿石电阻的变化,进而用电流强度变化曲线识别地层属性。理论分析和试验结果表明,供电电极电流大小取决于电极的接触电阻,而视电阻率大小取决两个测量电极之间或供电与测量电极之间介质的电阻率总和,因此,电流比视电阻率对地层的灵敏度要高一些。绘制电流强度测井曲线可以准确划分地层层位,确定地层厚度,且不增加成本。     

Load testing of anchors for wire mesh and cable net rockfall slope protection systems

This study presents results of field tests conducted on anchors used to support wire mesh and cable net rockfall protection systems. The load transfer and failure characteristics of these anchors are different from those used in most civil applications in that loads are often applied transversely to the top of tendon rather than axially. The study included vertical as well as horizontal series of tests conducted on some anchors widely used in wire mesh and cable net rockfall protect systems. It was found that the deformation characteristics of these anchors under vertical loading are nonlinear. They are approximated by a hyperbolic formulation and used to calculate the ultimate capacity. Top-downward progressive cracking of the grout was observed during loading and influences the deformation characteristics of these anchors under horizontal loading. The anchors deflected excessively before they could attain their ultimate capacity in the horizontal direction. Based on the field tests, it appears that the deformation under horizontal loading in the systems can be limited by using an enlarged grout zone at the top.     

用并矢Green函数的矢量本征函数展开式模拟随钻感应测井仪器的响应

采用圆柱坐标系下完纯导电劈模型的磁流源并矢Green函数的矢量本征函数展开式计算钻铤V型槽内随钻感应测井仪器的响应.计算发现,V型槽张角的变化对电磁场不同分量的影响规律不同.若只采用传统的感应测井仪器,V型槽的张角可尽量小一些以最大限度地增加信号强度.若采用多分量感应测井仪器,需对V型槽张角的取值进行折衷考虑.由于在具有不同张角的V型槽内接收信号的强度不同,在对地层视电导率进行刻度时需根据V型槽张角确定标准值.计算还发现,电磁场不同分量对方位角的依赖程度不同,侵入带电导率对不同分量接收信号的影响程度也不同,因而不同分量接收信号的径向探测深度不同.     

龙门山中央断裂南段盐井—五龙断裂的浅层地球物理方法探测

在2008年5月12日汶川MS8.0地震和2013年4月20日芦山MS7.0地震中,龙门山中央断裂南段的盐井—五龙断裂均未发现地表破裂现象,加之该断裂浅层地球物理资料极度匮乏,在一定程度上限制了对龙门山断裂带南段地震危险性的评价和发震能力的评估。针对龙门山中央断裂南段的盐井-五龙断裂经过区段的主要乡(镇)所在地多为宽度不大于300m的山间峡谷地区,且探测场区存在交通条件不便、场地工作面狭窄等问题,在浅层地震反射波法探测工作中采用小道间距、小偏移距、多道短排列接收和共反射点多次覆盖观测的地震数据采集方式,并经数据处理后获得地震反射剖面图像。浅层地震探测定位结果结合高密度电阻率成像断面、探槽开挖和钻孔联合剖面资料,共同揭示了NE向的盐井—五龙断裂在宝兴县五龙乡东风村一带精确的空间展布位置、产状规模和近地表构造形态。探测结果表明盐井—五龙断裂于五龙乡北东风村西河两岸的T1阶地处隐伏通过,性质为倾向NW的逆冲断裂,近地表倾角50°~60°,上断点埋深19m。该断裂断错宝兴西河T2、T3阶地,西河右岸T1阶地断裂通过处两侧基岩的断距6~8 m,其破碎带及其影响带宽度约30m。本文浅层地球物理探测成果可对判定盐井—五龙断裂的近地表构造活动提供可靠的地震学证据,也为地震重灾区(宝兴县城)的灾后工程选址重建、地震危险性评价和制定抗震防灾规划提供了科学的基础资料。     

基于C/S模式下的用电营配管理信息系统的开发及应用

简述了以ORACLE数据库为后台数据库、VB6为编程工具的用电营配管理信息多媒体查询系统的一些技术概念，介绍了C／S模式和方法，以便更好地阐述用电营配管理信息查询系统是如何通过多媒体技术来实现的。     

EH-4连续电导率仪与V8多功能电法仪试验效果分析

在龙首山成矿带小白芨芨沟-小青羊地段采用EH-4连续电导率仪与V8多功能电法仪进行不同点距AMT试验结果表明,两套仪器对马路沟及其次级断裂的探测结果均反映明显,其电性特征表现为反演电阻率等值线密集带、舌状低阻带。从不同点距试验结果来看,10、20 m点距探测精度高,反映效果明显好于50m点距;从不同仪器试验结果来看,EH-4连续电导率仪与V8多功能电法仪的测量结果均能客观地反映地下地质体的电阻率分布规律,与地质剖面具有较好的对应关系,均可投入该地区的生产应用。但EH-4连续电导率仪轻便、单点生产效率高,测量结果对断裂构造的分辨能力更好,特别是中浅层的分辨效果。     

井地电法地表电场分布规律模型试验研究

为研究井地电法在确定异常体边界时电场的分布规律,笔者对室内水槽固定位置的低阻体(铜板)直接供电,并对充电低阻体形成的电场在地表的电位分布特征进行观测。研究不同方向电位分布特征,及进行线性拟合建立电位梯度曲线,分析异常体不同方向上的电位梯度变化规律,确定该低阻体的边界特征。模拟实验表明,电位梯度曲线在异常体的边界会出现明显的拐点,与电位分布图的对比表明,电位梯度曲线在异常体边界的变化可以作为识别异常体边界的标志。     

Impact of water and nitrogen fracturing fluids on fracturing initiation pressure and flow pattern in anisotropic shale reservoirs

A numerical model is proposed to investigate the impact of water and nitrogen fracturing fluids on the fracturing initiation pressure and the flow pattern in anisotropic shale reservoirs. This model considers the anisotropy of shale deformation and permeability, the compressibility of fracturing fluid, and the fluid moving front. A crack initiation criterion is established with the stress intensity factor of mode I crack. Both crack initiation pressure and seepage area are verified and analyzed. These results show that shale deformation and permeability anisotropy, fracturing fluid compressibility, viscosity, and pressurization rate have significant impacts on fracturing initiation pressure and seepage area.     

坯样中SiO2与Al2O3对电瓷制品机械强度的影响

机械强度是电瓷制品的主要性能之一,与坯料中Ａｌ２Ｏ３与ＳｉＯ２质量分数有密切关系,本次试验结果表明,随着坯料中Ａｌ２Ｏ３质量分散的增加,ＳｉＯ２质量分数的减少,电瓷制品的抗折强度,抗冲击强度也相应提高,本文对其产生机理进行了较详细的讨论。f     

Modeling blocky nonlinear mechanics behavior on plasticity and progressive fractures with the enriched mesh free DDA method

This study explores a new form of Discontinuous Deformation Analysis (DDA) method, which uses mesh free displacement functions instead of linear polynomial ones adopted in the original DDA, hence it can effectively describe complex block displacements and deformations. Moreover, the capability of describing a block’s nonlinear mechanical behaviors, i.e., plasticity and fracture, are developed under classical fracture and increment plasticity mechanics theories. With consideration of computation efficiency and convenience, the Sibson natural neighbor interpolation technique for block plasticity analysis and the enriched Moving Least-Squares (MLS) approximation for block fracture analysis are employed, respectively. Numerical results show the applicability of the proposed mesh free DDA method.