新疆查汗萨拉锑矿床地球化学特征

新疆查汗萨拉锑矿床位于西南天山中部的萨阿尔明晚古生代沟弧带的西段,它与萨瓦亚尔顿金锑银矿、卡拉脚古牙锑金矿、古勒克达坂卡堤锑金矿等构成查汗萨拉锑金矿带。矿区总体受控于一大型逆冲推覆构造带,处于查汗萨拉锑异常区浓集中心域内。矿体产于下泥盆统阿尔腾克斯组含炭碎屑岩中,显示多元素多阶段成矿特征。成矿物质来自于赋矿地层,成矿热液则是由岩浆水和天水组成的混合水,属沉积改造型锑银多金属矿床。     

滇中易门狮子山铜矿床构造控矿规律

易门狮子山铜矿床是元古宙昆阳裂谷中的典型"东川式"铜矿床,具有层构双控、构造改造明显、多种矿体类型共存的特点.应用矿田地质力学的理论和方法,系统鉴定了主要断裂结构面力学性质,认为矿床受一系列轴向北东向的紧闭倒转复合倾伏褶皱和北东向压扭性断裂的控制,进一步总结了构造控矿特征;经构造筛分,厘定了构造体系,提出北东向构造带是主要控矿体系,该体系的主演化期为晋宁期-澄江期,叠加了印支期的变形,晋宁期-澄江期的改造作用使围岩中铜质活化、转移、富集成矿;概括出"层楼式"、"背斜+断裂"、"多字型"构造控矿型式,为深部隐伏矿定位预测提供了依据.     

冀西安妥岭斑岩型钼矿成矿地质条件浅析

安妥岭钼矿位于燕辽钼（铜）成矿带南端,与附近的野弧斑岩型钼矿等具有相同的地质背景和成矿条件。文章阐述了古结晶基底、中生代岩体以及NNE、NW和近EW向构造与成矿的关系,提出安妥岭钼矿是在斑岩型矿床基础上,叠加了主要沿NW向构造发育的岩浆热液成矿作用所形成的具有复杂成矿系列的非典型斑岩钼矿床。     

二连盆地可地浸砂岩型铀矿找矿方向

二连盆地是一个大型中新生代产铀盆地,近年来在该盆地寻找可地浸砂岩型铀矿取得了重大突破。本文通过系统研究和找矿成果分析,建立了二连盆地找矿目标层确定的依据,提出二连盆地主要找矿目标层为赛汉组,次要目标层为二连组、伊尔丁曼哈组,找矿类型为层间氧化带型（含潜水-层间氧化带型）;进一步总结出可地浸砂岩型铀矿的找矿判据,分析了二连盆地的找矿前景和找矿方向,指出巴音宝力格隆起带的南缘（乌兰察布坳陷北部和马尼特坳陷）是二连盆地寻找可地浸砂岩型铀矿最为有利的远景区。     

广西丹池地区泥盆纪盆地演化与成矿

广西(南)丹(河)池盆地从早泥盆世埃姆斯期开始裂陷,于三叠纪随着金沙江-红河-马江古特提斯洋的闭合而逐渐萎缩、消亡.野外地质调查发现,海西期地壳运动控制沉积盆地的形成和演化,基底断裂控制盆地的古地理格局,二者联合控制盆地的岩石地层格架,为后期成矿提供良好空间.事件沉积与成矿关系密切,赋矿层位均为事件沉积的高峰期.盆地内部次级北西向断陷槽是形成大型-超大型锡多金属矿床的重要场所,由次级基底断裂控制的海底火山喷气或喷流作用是盆地内部重要的成矿作用.     

川北高燕锰矿的锰质岩类型和生物成矿作用

川北高燕陡山沱组锰矿的锰质岩有四种主要类型：由富藻层和碎屑层组成的叠层石锰质岩,由藻屑,鲕屑组成的藻屑锰质岩和由锰质内碎屑与各种基质组成的内碎屑锰质岩。根据矿层中赋存的大量藻类遗体及其与矿石的密切共生关系来看．生物特别是藻类参与了锰矿的成矿作用。     

金成矿的物理化学条件研究进展

本文介绍了G.Friedrich等将矿相学、蚀变岩相学、流体包裹体和硫化物矿物相等研究紧密结合起来,来解释含金溶液来源和沉淀条件的方法,他们首先根据矿石组构及矿物交生关系准确划分成矿阶段及矿物生成顺序,并测定类质同象矿物的成分,再根据流体包裹体、矿石矿物组合、蚀变带矿物组合确定成矿温度,计算各阶段pH值变化范围;在loga （O2）一pH和loga （S2）-loga （O2）图解上就可以确定每个矿化阶段的物化条件及整个矿化过程物化条件的演变。据此,他们在西班牙Rodalquilar金矿研究后提出浅成热液中金以Au （HS）-2形式搬运,在近地表金因pH值、总硫活度降低及氧速度增加而沉淀的成矿模式。     

Diverse Range of Mineralization Induced by Phase Separation of Hydrothermal Fluid: Case Study of the Yonaguni Knoll IV Hydrothermal Field in the Okinawa Trough Back-Arc Basin

The Yonaguni Knoll IV hydrothermal vent field (24°51′N, 122°42′E) is located at water depths of 1370–1385 m near the western edge of the southern Okinawa Trough. During the YK03–05 and YK04–05 expeditions using the submersible Shinkai 6500, both hydrothermal precipitates (sulfide/sulfate/carbonate) and high temperature fluids (Tmax = 328°C) presently venting from chimney‐mound structures were extensively sampled. The collected venting fluids had a wide range of chemistry (Cl concentration 376–635 mmol kg^?1), which is considered as evidence for sub‐seafloor phase separation. While the Cl‐enriched smoky black fluids were venting from two adjacent chimney‐mound structures in the hydrothermal center, the clear transparent fluids sometimes containing CO₂ droplet were found in the peripheral area of the field. This distribution pattern could be explained by migration of the vapor‐rich hydrothermal fluid within a porous sediment layer after the sub‐seafloor phase separation. The collected hydrothermal precipitates demonstrated a diverse range of mineralization, which can be classified into five groups: (i) anhydrite‐rich chimneys, immature precipitates including sulfide disseminations in anhydrite; (ii) massive Zn‐Pb‐Cu sulfides, consisting of sphalerite, wurtzite, galena, chalcopyrite, pyrite, and marcasite; (iii) Ba‐As chimneys, composed of barite with sulfide disseminations, sometimes associated with realgar and orpiment overgrowth; (iv) Mn‐rich chimneys, consisting of carbonates (calcite and magnesite) and sulfides (sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite, alabandite, and minor amount of tennantite and enargite); and (v) pavement, silicified sediment including abundant native sulfur or barite. Sulfide/sulfate mineralization (groups i–iii) was found in the chimney–mound structure associated with vapor‐loss (Cl‐enriched) fluid venting. In contrast, the sulfide/carbonate mineralization (group iv) was specifically found in the chimneys where vapor‐rich (Cl‐depleted) fluid venting is expected, and the pavement (group v) was associated with diffusive venting from the seafloor sediment. This correspondence strongly suggests that the subseafloor phase separation plays an important role in the diverse range of mineralization in the Yonaguni IV field. The observed sulfide mineral assemblage was consistent with the sulfur fugacity calculated from the FeS content in sphalerite/wurtzite and the fluid temperature for each site, which suggests that the shift of the sulfur fugacity due to participation of volatile species during phase separation is an important factor to induce diverse mineralization. In contrast, carbonate mineralization is attributed to the significant mixing of vapor‐rich hydrothermal fluid and seawater. A submarine hydrothermal system within a back‐arc basin in the continental margin may be considered as developed in a geologic setting favorable to a diverse range of mineralization, where relatively shallow water depth induces sub‐seafloor phase separation of hydrothermal fluid, and sediment accumulation could enhance migration of the vapor‐rich hydrothermal fluid.     

江西钨矿床“多位一体”模式与成矿热动力过程

以江西大量的钨矿床勘查研究资料成果为基础, 以张天堂—西华山钨矿带为典型, 建立了钨矿床"多位一体"模式。该模式的核心是以成矿花岗岩为主因, 由不同类型的钨矿床组成的具有成生联系的构造—岩浆—成矿体系。重点展示了脉状钨矿床的四维结构与定位规律以及多样的矿床垂直分带模式。同时通过对脉状钨矿床形成的热动力过程观察研究, 揭示了区域水平挤压扭动与诱发的局部垂直内应力场交替活动、岩石剪切破裂与扩容充填交替进行的整个成矿过程, 及其对钨矿床结构形式与时空分布规律的约束作用。     

山东沂南金-铜-铁矿床成矿条件分析——兼论不整合面的控矿作用

山东沂南金-铜-铁矿床中与成矿有关的岩体为燕山期多期次浅成侵入的钙碱性杂岩体,岩性主要为闪长玢岩类和花岗斑岩类,属相对富含硅质、碱质和磁铁矿并通常与氧化型含金矽卡岩有关的侵入岩系列。新元古界一寒武系碳酸盐岩与碎屑岩的频繁互层,为含矿气水热液的运移和顺层交代提供了良好的围岩条件,在靠近岩体接触带部位形成了多层矽卡岩矿体。区域性断裂控制了含矿岩体的侵位,而接触带、捕虏体、层间破碎带以及不整合面等构造控制了矿体的空间定位。成矿在中低压力的中浅成至浅成条件下进行,主成矿阶段的含矿流体具有中高温、高盐度的特点,流体的沸腾可能是金-铜-铁等成矿物质大量沉淀的主要原因。接触带的矽卡岩型Au—Cu—Fe矿化与内接触带的斑岩型Cu—Mo矿化、外接触带的热液充填一交代型Au—Cu矿化,以及岩体边部的隐爆角砾岩型Au—Cu矿化一起,构成了一个中酸性岩浆-热液成矿系统。作为一种容易失稳的构造薄弱带和地球化学屏障,不整合面极易产生破碎和滑脱,从而有利于岩浆及其所分泌的含矿气水热液的贯入和成矿,这是沂南矿床中新发现的一种具有重要找矿前景的控矿构造类型。