黑体辐射定律遥感教学改革设计与实践

普朗克黑体辐射定律是遥感类课程教学的重点和难点,本文以定律分析为核心,从数值模拟大气层顶太阳光谱辐照度曲线、卫星传感器光谱响应函数卷积计算、地物行星反射率计算及地表温度反演4个方面入手,对黑体辐射定律理论教学和实践教学内容进行优化设计和教学实现。实践证明,该教学改革不仅可以使学生更容易理解和掌握黑体辐射定律揭示的基本规律,而且以此为基础,能够使学生通过实践加深对地物两大特性(反射特性和热辐射特性)的理解,提高学生对遥感类课程的兴趣。     

利用ETM+影像自动提取河流冲积扇的方法

本文在分析冲积扇与其他地物光谱特征差异的基础上,针对Landsat ETM+影像中红光波段与近红外波段的比值能够增大冲积扇与其他地物间差异的特征及地形阴影在蓝绿光波段亮度值降低速率差异较大的特征,基于比值运算、差值运算,构建了冲积扇指数;并利用该模型阈值自动选取算法将冲积扇信息从其他地物及阴影中分离出来,然后根据数学形态学膨胀滤波算法进行空洞填充。经过实验表明,该方法能够高效自动地提取华南山区的冲积扇信息。     

A GIHS-based spectral preservation fusion method for remote sensing images using edge restored spectral modulation

High spatial resolution and spectral fidelity are basic standards for evaluating an image fusion algorithm. Numerous fusion methods for remote sensing images have been developed. Some of these methods are based on the intensity–hue–saturation (IHS) transform and the generalized IHS (GIHS), which may cause serious spectral distortion. Spectral distortion in the GIHS is proven to result from changes in saturation during fusion. Therefore, reducing such changes can achieve high spectral fidelity. A GIHS-based spectral preservation fusion method that can theoretically reduce spectral distortion is proposed in this study. The proposed algorithm consists of two steps. The first step is spectral modulation (SM), which uses the Gaussian function to extract spatial details and conduct SM of multispectral (MS) images. This method yields a desirable visual effect without requiring histogram matching between the panchromatic image and the intensity of the MS image. The second step uses the Gaussian convolution function to restore lost edge details during SM. The proposed method is proven effective and shown to provide better results compared with other GIHS-based methods.     

Spectral monitoring of moorland plant phenology to identify a temporal window for hyperspectral remote sensing of peatland

Recognising the importance of the timing of image acquisition on the spectral response in remote sensing of vegetated ecosystems is essential. This study used full wavelength, 350–2500 nm, field spectroscopy to establish a spectral library of phenological change for key moorland species, and to investigate suitable temporal windows for monitoring upland peatland systems. Spectral responses over two consecutive growing seasons were recorded at single species plots for key moorland species and species sown to restore eroding peat. This was related to phenological change using narrowband vegetation indices (Red Edge Position, Photochemical Reflectance Index, Plant Senescence Reflection Index and Cellulose Absorption Index); that capture green-up and senescence related changes in absorption features in the visible to near infrared and the shortwave infrared. The selection of indices was confirmed by identifying the regions of maximum variation in the captured reflectance across the full spectrum. The indices show change in the degree of variation between species occurring from April to September, measured for plant functional types. A discriminant function analysis between indices and plant functional types determines how well each index was able to differentiate between the plant functional groups for each month. It identifies April and July as the two months where the species are most separable. What is presented here is not one single recommendation for the optimal temporal window for operational monitoring, but a fuller understanding of how the spectral response changes with the phenological cycle, including recommendations for what indices are important throughout the year.     

面向端元提取的光谱角特征空间图像分块方法

传统的高光谱端元提取算法一般是在高维的光谱特征空间中进行运算,并且图像的全部像元都参与算法,因此运算量偏大,运算效率较低。提出了一种光谱角特征空间的概念,利用图像的空间信息辅助端元提取。图像的全部像元都可以映射到8维的光谱角特征空间中,样本点在特征空间中距离原点的远近表征了其在图像中的位置是否为地物区块的边缘,利用这点可以对高光谱图像进行空间分割。在分割后的每个子块图像内部只选取少数"最纯"像元参与端元提取算法,从而大大降低了端元提取的计算复杂度。     

资源一号02C卫星多光谱数据真彩色模拟技术研究

资源一号02C卫星多光谱数据没有蓝色波段,给制作真彩色影像带来了一定困难。本文针对02C卫星多光谱波段的特点,分析了常用线性模拟蓝波段影像方法,选取多景不同时相的、覆盖山地或平地的真实数据进行加权法和平均值法的对比试验,定性与定量分析后的结果表明：基于加权法生成蓝波段的真彩色模拟结果,无论是从整体色调方面,还是从典型地类的颜色方面,均优于基于平均值法生成蓝波段的真彩色模拟结果,可进一步深入研究后进行规模化应用。     

南方丘陵地区路域植被光谱处理与分析

以长沙—湘潭高速公路路域植被为研究对象,进行植被实地调查和野外光谱测定,分析主要植被类型光谱曲线,健康植被与非健康植被光谱差异,对植被光谱数据进行一阶微分和微分增量处理对比研究。研究表明:光谱反射率一阶微分和微分增量处理对消除土壤背景对地物光谱影响均有效,但微分增量处理更能突出植被信息。研究对遥感植被光谱分析具有一定参考价值。     

一种基于GEO星间链路的导航系统时间同步新体制

设计提出了一种时间同步新体制即在GEO卫星上放置高精度氢钟并在GEO卫星间建立高精度星间链路以进行高精度时间维持利用两种方案进行了仿真比较研究 仿真结果表明本文提出的方案切实可行可以显著提升时间同步精度尤其是自主时间同步精度并得出了时间同步精度与星间链路精度和星载钟的精度关系 仿真结果表明星载钟精度对新体制时间同步精度的影响相对于星间链路精度的影响较小.     

一种WiFi无线接入点位置估计新算法

目的 针对无线接入点的位置估计问题,利用基于接收信号强度的测距技术,提出一种无需已知测距模型参数的无线接入点位置估计算法。该算法首先通过距离间的比例关系消去和无线接入点发射功率相关的测距模型参数;然后根据最小二乘原理来搜索最佳路径损耗指数,再确定无线接入点的位置。仿真结果表明,该算法能够改善现有无线接入点位置估计算法存在的不足,提升位置估计的精度。     

GPS现代化后L2C的信号质量分析

分析了L2C码的主要作用,比较了GPS现代化后L2载波信噪比的变化特点,阐述了伪距观测值的噪声水平。