Increasing of efficiency of desulphurisation processes of coals during thermal destruction

As is well known, a high content of sulphur in coals is an effect of the post-depositional history of coal seams and one of the most important criteria of its use as a fuel. Sulphur in coals can cause a serious environmental and technological problem during their utilization. This problem is very actual for the Donetsk Basin because 734 mined seams out of the total of 1009 （73%） are comprised of coals with sulphur content -2%. The chemical pre-treatment as a first stage in their processing is widely used in order to effectively obtain the thermal destruction products of coals （such as semi-coke, coke, adsorbents, etc.） and to simultaneously utilize coal wastes. Development in pre-treatment methods for high-sulphur, low-rank coals is especially desirable for reducing the sulphur contents of the solid products. The aim of the present work is to investigate the influence of coal pre-treatment on the yield and composition of thermal destruction products, and the sulphur distribution among different components of the coals of different genetic types by reductivity （low-reduced LRC and reduced RC coals）. The thermal behavior of the coals was studied by means of the Fisher method （heated to 520℃, at a rate of 7℃/min）. The composition of the semi-coking gas was investigated by means of a VTI gas analyzer. The coal samples were chemically treated directly before thermal destruction by the introduction of 1-% solutions of radical polymerization initiator AAD （acrylic acid dinitrile C8H12N4） and products of coal-tar distillation （absorber oil）. Coal pre-treatment increases the semi-coke yield and its coking ability, and changes the liquid/gaseous product ratio.     

Determination of potential hazardous elements in Can coals （Canakkale- Turkey）-I

It is known that the increasing use of coal as an energy source led to the growing environmental and health problems. But comprehensive knowledge of coal quality parameters may help to reduce some of these problems. The Canakkale-Can coalfield is located in the western part of Turkey, whose reserves are estimated at 69.3 billion tons, mainly used in the industry in the neighboring areas, specifically for the Can Thermal Power Plant. The aim of this study is to determine the coal quality parameters and examine the origin and distributions of potentially toxic trace elements in lignite which may produce environmental and health hazards in the area. The coal samples were collected from different parts of the coalfield in Can. Proximate and ultimate analyses, sulfur form analyses, X-ray powder diffraction （XRD）, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）, and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） were performed on those samples to determine the geochemical profile of hazardous elements.     

煤田地质勘探工程监理特点分析

结合煤田地质勘探工程监理工作实际,对煤田地质勘探工程监理与建设工程监理进行了比较,认为煤田地质勘探监理与建筑监理程序基本相同,目的都是提高工程水平,规范工程。但煤田地质勘探专业性较强,与建设工程相比也有许多不同之处,故而有必要建立煤炭地质勘探工程监理规范以指导煤炭地质勘探工程监理工作。     

受压煤岩破裂过程电磁辐射与能量转化规律研究

首先对煤岩单轴受压变形破裂过程产生的电磁辐射（EME）、声发射（AE）信号变化规律进行了试验研究,然后在试验测定结果的基础上分析研究了煤岩变形破裂电磁辐射与加载变形能量之间的转换关系。研究结果表明,EME值随着加载时间的增加而增强,声发射信号也呈现同样的规律;电磁辐射的幅值、脉冲数在煤岩主破裂前与应力基本成正相关的关系,出现峰值后降低,试验的各个样品均呈现此变化规律;电磁辐射能和机械能的转化曲线与煤岩单轴加载过程的应力-应变关系曲线是相对应的,且呈现三次多项式的关系。从能量转换的角度来研究煤岩变形破裂电磁辐射与应力之间的关系是可行的。     

鄂尔多斯盆地东南部上古生界层序地层格架及含气砂体沉积演化特征*

鄂尔多斯盆地长期存在“南油北气”的固有认识,晚古生代早期砂体不发育与分布规律不清的认识,长期制约了盆地东南部天然气勘探开发的步伐。因此,加强盆地东南部上古生界煤系含气地层地质方面的研究、尤其是层序地层与储集砂体成因研究,对进一步增储上产具有重要理论与实践意义。作者采用Vail经典层序地层理论与方法,对鄂尔多斯盆地东南部上古生界进行层序地层研究: 首先对层序界面进行识别,以岩性、旋回和沉积特征变化作为识别依据,并提出二级层序界面上下岩性组合变化巨大、二级界面之上叠置的低位砂厚度巨大的观点,共将本溪组—石盒子组划分为3个二级层序,11个三级层序;其次根据层序内部砂体堆积、迁移样式对体系域进行了划分。通过大量钻井的层序单元追踪对比与岩心精细描述,重点分析层序格架内主要含气层段本溪组、山西组及盒8段储集砂体的空间叠置关系,结合不同时期基准面旋回变化及其形成机制对其进行探讨,认为优势含气层段储集层中本2段具有障壁迁移、毯式连通,山2段具有低位控砂、面线连通,山1段具有侧向迁移、接触式连通,盒8段具有迁摆叠置、多向连通的特点。     

桐梓煤矿大竹坝井田勘查类型及勘查工程间距的确定

通过对大竹坝井田构造复杂程度和煤层稳定程度进行分析研究和综合评价,认真总结煤层厚度变化的规律。对井田勘查工作进行了分区,在同一井田内划分了两个不同的勘查类型,选择主要的勘查区块进行了勘探,并按照论证的结论合理布设勘查工程间距,实现了以较小的经济投入获取较佳地质成果的勘查目标。其评价过程和由此获得的经济效益为今后的地质勘查工作中在确定地质勘查类型时有一定的借鉴作用。     

辽宁省抚顺地下煤层气开发初步浅析

通过对抚顺市地下煤层、煤质及赋气状态、储气构造的分析,确定了保护城市,开发煤层气资源的经济空间。     

李口集区块煤储层地质条件及煤层气采收率

基于煤田勘探资料和矿井实际观测结果,结合测试分析和数值计算,对平顶山矿区李口集区块煤储层地质条件进行了研究。结果表明：区块内主煤层的煤体结构破坏严重,小型裂隙发育但连通性较差,含气量中等且属于低压煤储层,煤层气采收率偏低,地面原位开采的难度较大。为此,建议该区块的煤层气开发以矿井抽采为主,并在煤矿采动带和采空区辅以合理的地面抽采工程。     

中国优质环保型炼焦煤的评价及资源量等级

我国炼焦煤资源丰富，但优质炼焦煤一直处于短缺局面。根据全国已有煤质数据分析，从优质（主要考虑挥发分指标）、环保（主要考虑硫分和灰分指标）两个方面结合有害微量元素含量，将炼焦煤划分为四种类型，确定了优质环保型炼焦煤资源的评价步骤，对全国五个赋煤区优质环保型炼焦煤的资源量等级进行了统计分析。     

Thermal alteration of coal in the Khasyn coalfield, Magadan region, Russia

The Early Cretaceous coal deposits of the Khasyn coalfield are intruded by Palaeogene diabase dikes. The coal has vitrinite reflectance values of 2.0–2.5% R_o, and characteristics of normal anthracite at some distance from the dikes, but at direct contact with the dike two morphological coal varieties occur: coal inclusions in the diabase dike and dispersed carbonaceous matter within the dike rock. Both types of coaly matter have properties typical of anthracites: strong anisotropy, altered internal structure and high vitrinite reflectance values ranging from 3.8 to 5.5% R_o. The X-ray diffraction measurements of the interplanar spacing d(002) and the crystallite sizes Lc and La show rather similar values for coal inclusions in the dike and dispersed carbonaceous matter. The additional reflection at 3.37 Å, corresponding to semi-graphite admixture, occurs in the coal and carbonaceous matter inside the dike and is absent in the natural coal outside the dike.