层序地层格架与煤岩层对比--层序地层学在山西阳曲煤田普查勘探中的应用

在华北晚古生代聚煤盆地及勘探区周边地区含煤地层沉积学、层序地层学的已有成果基础上,立足于单剖面定量沉积环境分析和露头层序地层分析,对阳曲普查勘探区含煤地层进行了进一步的高分辨率层序地层学研究,识别出基岩型、陆表海II型、陆表海I型层序界面和基岩泻湖型、台地-滨岸复合型、碎屑滨岸型、沼泽型、浅水三角洲型准层序类型,划分了二个四级层序、14个准层序,建立了准层序级别的层序地层格架,籍此进行了区内及邻区含煤地层主要煤岩层的对比。探讨、总结了应用层序地层学理论进行勘探区煤岩层对比的方法、程序     

Control sample design using a geodemographic discriminator: An application of Super Profiles

 The development and application of an innovative sampling framework for use in a British study of the early detection of gastric cancer are described. The Super Profiles geodemographic discriminator is used in the identification of geographically distinct control and contrast areas from which samples of cancer registry case records may be drawn for comparison with the records of patients participating in the gastric cancer intervention project. Preliminary results of the application of the framework are presented and confirm its effectiveness in satisfactorily reflecting known patterns of variation in cancer occurrence by age, gender and social class. The method works well for cancers with a known and clear social gradient, such as lung and breast cancer, moderately well for gastric cancer and somewhat less well for oesophageal cancer, where the social class gradient is less clear. Received: 1 January 2000 / Accepted: 18 September 2000     

塔里木西部白垩系-古近系沉积成岩演化特征

在塔里木盆地西部上白垩统-古近系中可识别出7种具典型成因意义的高频旋回层序,根据垂向上的有序叠加方式,可以建立起一个由5个Ⅳ级旋回层序、2个Ⅲ级旋回层序和一个Ⅱ级旋回层序组成的特征层序地层格架.它基本上控制着研究层位中不同沉积相和生储盖组合的时空展布特征.上白垩统在盆地西南缘形成了较厚的高水位体系域开阔台地相灰岩储层,但成岩特征受海水成岩环境控制,胶结作用强烈,致使储层呈低孔低渗特征.古近系在帕米尔山前主要为一套冲积平原-河流沉积体系产物,从中可划分出4种有利的沉积-成岩相带.由于该碎屑岩均处于早成岩阶段B期,成岩环境呈酸性,储集性能明显优于上白垩统灰岩储集层.     

镇安西口地区二叠纪—三叠纪地层格架与地层模型

笔者运用现代沉积学和层序地层学理论，对陕西镇安西口地区二叠系-三叠系的主要不整合面和地质体的岩相岩石组合特征及空间展布规律进行调查，在此基础上并依据前人研究资料，将区内二叠系-三叠系划分为4个层序单位，进而对单位内的体系域系统进行了划分和研究，建立了该地区地层格架与地层模型。通过研究认为，4次大幅度海平面变化及区域构造沉降作用是形成4个Ⅱ型不整合面的根本原因。该地区自晚二叠世，在不同阶段的盆地演化过程中，皆继承了西浅东深的古地理格局，此项研究成果为在构造活动地带相对稳定地区进行地层格架与地层模型提供了范例。     

Statistical characteristics of chlorophylla concentration in Hong Kong’s coastal waters

In this paper seven of the ten Water Control Zones (WCZs) in Hong Kong’s coastal waters with monthly or bi-weekly sampling data of 17 parameters collected at 37 monitoring stations from 1988 to 1999 were selected to analyze the spatial and temporal variations of chlorophyll-a and its influencing factors. Cluster analysis was employed to group the monitoring stations based on the structure of the data set. Multiple step regression was employed to determine the significant influencing factors of chlorophyll-a level. The results suggest that all the monitoring stations could be grouped into two clusters. Cluster I with frequent red tide incidents comprises two WCZs which are semi-enclosed bays. Cluster II with less red tide occurrence comprises the other five WCZs in an estuarine environment in the west. For both clusters, the organic contents indicator, BOD5, was a common significant influencing factor of the chlorophyll-a level. Nitrogen and light penetration condition related to turbidity, total volatile solids and suspended solids had more influence on the cholophyll-a level in Cluster I than in Cluster II, while phosphorus and oceanographic conditions associated with salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH were more important in Cluster II than in Cluster I. Generally, there was a higher average chlorophyll-a level in winter and autumn in a year. The chlorophyll-a level was much higher in Cluster I than in Cluster II among all seasons. Although the chlorophyll-a concentration had great variations from place to place in Hong Kong’s coastal waters, it seemed to have a common long term fluctuation period of 8–10 years with a high-low-high variation in the period in the whole region, which might be influenced by other factors of global scale.     

不同土壤侵蚀背景下土地利用的时空演变

为了研究土地利用、土地覆盖的时空变化，本文在遥感技术与GIS技术的支持下，对不同土壤侵蚀背景下土地利用的时间动态特征和空间动态特征进行了定量分析。具体表现为通过空间分析，对中国近五年来不同土壤侵蚀背景下的土地利用类型，如耕地状况、森林植被覆盖、城镇工矿建设用地等时空特征进行了动态分析。研究结果表明：我国土壤侵蚀以水力、风力、冻融侵蚀为主，水力侵蚀以微度水力侵蚀为主，在微度水力侵蚀区，耕地、草地、建设用地面积增加，其中耕地增加最多，林地、未利用地面积逐渐减少。风力侵蚀以剧烈风力侵蚀为主，在微度风力侵蚀区，草地面积减少，而未利用地的面积增加；在轻度、中度、强度风力侵蚀区，耕地、林地、未利用地用地面积增加，草地面积减少。在冻融侵蚀区，草地面积有显著增加，而未利用地面积减小。     

滇西墨江金厂金矿床时空四维结构模型

对墨江金厂金矿关键性地质问题研究结果表明,矿区金厂韧性剪切带（ＳＺｊｃ）、ＮＷＷ向褶皱构造和金矿超镁铁岩体侵位构造是不同成矿期的控矿构造,金矿床有三种成因类型,分别对应三期三种不同类型的成矿作用。     

Quaternary Stratigraphic Division and Paleoenvironmental Evolution Observed from Core LZK1 on Hengsha Island, Shanghai

The Quaternary sediments in the Yangtze delta are loose and lack precise stratification marks in the lithology. Moreover, due to the limitations of dating methods, it is difficult for Quaternary cores to deliver accurate age constraints. Thus, it is a challenge to establish the Quaternary stratigraphic framework. Gravity core LZK1 was drilled on Hengsha Island, Shanghai, in the Yangtze delta, in 2012. The core was terminated at 403.83 m below the local land surface, the uppermost 291.2 m comprising a thick sequence of Quaternary sediments. This study investigated the stratigraphic subdivision and paleoenvironmental change of the Quaternary sediments. From bottom to top, the Quaternary stratigraphic sequence can be subdivided into the lower Pleistocene Anting Formation, Middle Pleistocene Jiading Formation, Upper Pleistocene Chuansha Formation and Nanhui Formation, Holocene Loutang Formation, Shanghai Formation, and Rudong Formation. According to this study, the Hengsha Island area was dominated by a freshwater lacustrine environment during the early Pleistocene, an alternation of shallow lake and shore lake environment during the Middle Pleistocene, a delta plain to lagoonal environment during the early Upper Pleistocene, a fluvial channel to floodplain environment from the LGM (Last Glacial Maximum) to the end of the Upper Pleistocene, and a delta environment during the Holocene.     

“全球环境变化与食物系统 (GECAFS)”科学框架与实施战略(英文)

文章从以下 6个方面概要介绍了IGBP、IHDP与WCRP的一项新的联合计划———“全球环境变化与食物系统 (GECAFS)”的科学框架与实施战略 :(1)背景 ;(2 )GECAFS的概念框架 ;(3)GECAFS的科学主题 ;(4 )GECAFS的研究类型与“示范性项目” ;(5 )科学新领域 ;(6 )GECAFS计划与其它组织的资助关系及战略伙伴关系。     

西安城市地域空间结构发展框架和发展机制

通过分析西安城市发展在地域空间上的不利因素 ,提出新西安“一核三副”城市发展的主体框架 ,为城市发展提供新的地域空间 ,形成布局合理、发展有序、有效保护文物遗址、注重生态建设的簇状城市结构 ,并从城市之间、关中城市群带、中国中西部北方地区等多个层面探讨西安城市发展机制 ,提出以旅游商贸、科研文教、高新技术产业为主导 ,以城市运行机制、运行方式、运行环境的国际化为基准 ,促进城市综合职能的国际化 ,实现跨越式发展的目标