滇西南大红山群变火山-沉积岩地球化学属性、年代格架及其构造意义

云南新平地区大红山群出露于扬子地块西南缘,主要由低绿片岩相-角闪岩相变质的火山-沉积岩组成。大红山群的岩石成因、年代格架及其形成的构造背景缺乏系统研究,制约了地质学家们全面认识和理解扬子西南缘<~1.75 Ga的构造演化历史。本文以大红山群底部老厂河组变沉积岩及其内部变火山岩夹层为重点研究对象,开展岩相学、全岩地球化学和锆石U-Pb定年等综合研究。岩石地球化学研究结果表明,变沉积岩的化学成分与大陆上地壳沉积物成分接近,原岩为成熟度较高的泥岩/页岩,未经历沉积再循环,形成于被动大陆边缘的构造背景;变火山岩原岩化学成分相当于钙碱性过铝质A型流纹岩,形成于造山后的大陆裂谷拉张环境。锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,老厂河组变沉积岩的碎屑锆石记录了2.3~2.2 Ga和1.9~1.75 Ga两个主年龄峰以及2.7~2.6 Ga次年龄峰。结合前人研究结果,表明大红山群物源主要来源于扬子地块西南缘的太古宙-古元古代基底岩石。变火山岩样品的岩浆锆石核部记录了1 713~1 711 Ma的年龄,应代表老厂河组原岩的形成时代,锆石的变质增生边限定峰期变质时代为约843 Ma。综合前人研究结果表明,大红山群普遍经历了849~837 Ma的新元古代变质事件。综上所述,扬子地块西南缘的大红山群完好记录了与Columbia超大陆裂解有关的非造山岩浆活动,新元古代变质事件可能与Rodinia超大陆裂解和聚合过程密切相关。     

冀中晋县凹陷区地表地球化学勘查研究

冀中晋县凹陷内汪气藏高原含经氢组分,硫化氢既对油田开采产生危害及又是硫的一种特殊资源,查明该区石油及硫化氢的分布和贮量为安全开发区资源是非常得要的,介绍了在该区开展的地表地球化学勘探方法,通过对地表土壤中硫化氢和硫酸烃等地球化学指标的研究明了本区油气藏的分布和硫化氢的分布。     

近45年涠洲岛5次珊瑚热白化的海洋站SST指标变化趋势分析

根据涠洲岛珊瑚礁普查(Reef Check)历史资料和涠洲岛海洋站实测海表温度(SST)历史资料,采用对比分析与相关分析方法,分析1966―2010年该岛珊瑚热白化的SST指标变化特征,结果显示:1)涠洲岛珊瑚热白化的最热周平均SST值为31.6℃或最热日平均SST值为32℃;2)1966―2010年涠洲岛的逐年最热月月均SST、最热日日均SST、年极端最高SST及最热周平均SST呈准同步变化,彼此间的相关系数为0.71~0.89,4种珊瑚热白化SST指标没有显著上升趋势;3)最热月月均SST和最热周平均SST的变化趋势与全球变暖在统计上存在显著相关关系。     

Gender Differences in the Association between Common Mental Disorders and Regional Deprivation in Ireland

This article aims to add a gender and place perspective to our understanding of depression and anxiety (common mental disorders [CMDs]) through the use of multilevel models. To date, regional variations in the prevalence of CMDs in Ireland have not been explained adequately. Using data from the 2007 Quarterly National Household Survey special module on health and health service utilization, this article examines whether regional differences in CMDs persist after accounting for both individual and regional characteristics. The null model indicated that 2 percent of the variance in CMDs occurred at the regional level. Including contextual interaction variables, the level of variance at the regional level increased to 3.3 percent. Of specific interest to this article was the association between place-based deprivation and gender on CMDs at the regional level. This article found that although regional deprivation alone did not have a significant impact on CMDs, the interaction between female and regional relative deprivation was significant. Specifically, this means that women living in more deprived regions tend to have a greater number of CMDs.     

2010年10月海南岛一次特大暴雨过程数值模拟和诊断分析

使用WRF 模式对2010 年10 月4-6 日发生在海南岛的特大暴雨过程进行数值模拟和边界条件敏感性试验.敏感试验表明,使用0.5° ′ 0.5°分辨率的GFS 资料作为边界条件模拟效果最好.模拟结果表明,采用4 km 水平格距试验模拟的强降雨中心（1 200 mm）位置、量级与实况强中心（1 084 mm）基本接近,模拟的48 h 雨量在海南岛上呈东多西少的分布特点,与实况基本相符,但模拟的西部降雨较实况偏多.同时利用模拟结果对风场、水汽通量散度、假相当位温、低空急流和散度垂直通量等要素进行了诊断分析,结果表明在热带低压、冷空气和副热带高压的影响下,存在着强低空急流、强水汽辐合中心、大气对流不稳定结构及高低空配合较好的辐散辐合作用,使得本次过程上升运动异常强烈,从而产生特大暴雨.     

Land cover controls on depression‐focused recharge on the Oak Ridges Moraine,southern Ontario,Canada

The Oak Ridges Moraine (ORM) is a key hydrogeologic feature in southern Ontario. Previous research has emphasized the importance of depression‐focused recharge (DFR) for the timing and location of water recharge to the ORM's aquifers. However, the significance of DFR has not been empirically demonstrated, and the ORM's permeable surficial deposits imply that rainfall and snowmelt will largely recharge vertically rather than move laterally to topographic depressions. The exception may be during winter and spring, when concrete soil frost limits infiltration and encourages overland flow. The potential for DFR was examined for closed depressions under forest and agricultural land covers with similar soils and surficial geology. Air temperatures, precipitation, snow depth and water equivalent, soil water contents, soil freezing, and depression surface‐water levels were monitored during the winter and spring of 2012–2013 and 2013–2014. Recharge (R) was estimated at the crest and base of each depression using a 1‐dimensional water balance approach and surface‐applied Br^? tracing. Both forest and agricultural land covers experienced soil freezing; however, forest soils did not develop concrete frost. Conversely, agricultural fields saw concrete frost, overland flow, episodic ponding, and subsequent drainage of rain‐on‐snow and snowmelt inputs in open depressions. Recharge at the base of open depressions exceeded that in surrounding areas by an order of magnitude, suggesting that DFR is a significant hydrologic process during winter and spring under agricultural land cover on the ORM. Closed topographic depressions under agricultural land cover on the ORM crest may serve as critical recharge “hot spots” during winter and spring, and the ability of the unsaturated zone beneath these depressions to modify the chemistry of recharging water deserves further attention.     

松辽盆地西南部金D1井九佛堂组烃源岩地球化学特征

对松辽盆地西南部金宝屯-吉尔嘎朗地区金D1井九佛堂组烃源岩的有机地球化学、生物标志化合物特征进行了系统评价,结果表明：金D1井九佛堂组暗色泥岩为差-中等烃源岩,有机质类型为Ⅱ型干酪根,处于低熟-成熟阶段;正构烷烃以"前锋型"的单峰型分布为主,主峰碳数为C18和C19,奇偶碳优势不明显;Pr/Ph值介于0.24~0.46,伽玛蜡烷指数介于0.11~0.32,指示烃源岩形成于还原条件下淡-微咸水湖相沉积环境;C27-C28-C29规则甾烷分布特征略有差异,反映有机质为混合来源.总体有机地球化学特征表明金D1井九佛堂组烃源岩具有一定的生烃潜力.     

湖盆中心地带湖底扇砂体物源追踪及地质意义

湖盆中心地带湖底扇砂体物源方位具多向性,发育位置和层位具不确定性,规模和分布特点不一,确定物源方位成为掌握砂体发育规模、展布的关键。以泌阳湖盆中心地带程店湖底扇砂体为例,利用碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年技术,探讨其物源方位。分析结果显示: 程店湖底扇区C1、B365井与侯庄三角洲区B155、B296井砂岩样碎屑锆石测点年龄数据分布具相似特征,碎屑锆石表面年龄主要集中分布在早白垩－中侏罗世峰期,年龄为120～140 Ma,显示单峰特征。早白垩－中侏罗世两区锆石均显示两组类型：第一组锆石占主体部分,呈自形晶,并具典型的振荡生长环带,Th/U值介于0.21～2.94,暗示岩浆成因;第二组类型锆石相对较少,显示变质成因。同时在210～238 Ma、416～451 Ma、663～813 Ma、1 702～2 442 Ma 几个主要年龄区间亦具一定数量的碎屑锆石分布。结合区域地质背景,得出如下初步结论：程店湖底扇砂体与北部侯庄三角洲砂体为同物源沉积组合,显示南北向展布,源岩主体形成时代为早白垩－中侏罗世,对应燕山构造阶段;主体物源岩系为伏牛山燕山期花岗岩,含该时期热变质作用形成的变质岩系,同时前晋宁期、晋宁期、加里东期及印支期热事件形成的变质岩系或岩浆岩亦可能具不同程度的贡献。     

赣西南下寒武统杂砂岩地球化学特征和沉积环境

赣西南地区早寒武世发育巨厚的砂泥质复理石沉积,砂岩杂基含量普遍大于15%,以杂砂岩为主。赣州市、井冈山市和萍乡市3个地区杂砂岩的主量、微量、稀土元素含量和组合特征表明,赣西南下寒武统杂砂岩具有较高的SiO2含量,高的Al2O3/(CaO+Na2O)和K2O/Na2O比值,较低的Al2O3/SiO2、Fe2O3/MgO比值和CaO含量;微量元素含量接近中国东部上地壳值,富集大离子亲石元素;稀土元素具有LREE富集、Eu亏损明显的特征。综合分析推测,物源剥蚀区为华夏陆块,其北缘显示为被动大陆边缘的地球化学特征,赣西南地区海水较深,且自南向北略微加深。     

准噶尔南缘古生代晚期盆山关系:阿尔巴萨依组火山岩锆石SHRIMPU-Pb定年及岩石地球化学限定

准噶尔盆地南缘沿巴音沟蛇绿岩带北侧发育一套晚古生代(原下二叠统)阿尔巴萨依组中基性、酸性火山岩夹火山碎屑岩.采用锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年方法,对其中流纹岩进行定年,得到年龄为307.2±1.3Ma(MSWD=1.2),表明原定为早二叠世的阿尔巴萨依组火山岩的确切喷发时间为晚石炭世.地球化学分析表明,阿尔巴萨依组火山岩为钙碱性和高钾钙碱性系列,富集轻稀土(LREE),轻重稀土有一定程度的分馏,富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损Nb、Ta等高场强元素,流纹岩有Ba、Sr、P、Eu、Ti的异常.阿尔巴萨依组火山岩的εNd (t)值在+4.21～+7.79之间,显示源区富集特征.晚石炭世阿尔巴萨依组火山岩、火山碎屑岩与后碰撞A型花岗岩在岩石学、地球化学特征方面相似,表明两者应有相似的构造背景,都为后碰撞伸展环境.阿尔巴萨依组还发育一套火山沉积地层,表明准噶尔南缘沉积作用在晚石炭世已经开始,开始沉积盆地的类型应为伸展断陷盆地.