全球气候变化下秦岭南北气温变化特征

选取秦岭南麓1 000 m划分方案,运用气候倾向率、线性拟合方程、Mann-Kendall非参数检验、小波分析等气候数理统计方法,分析秦岭南北气温变化特征。结果表明:近50 a秦岭南北气候变化具有同步性,增温趋势明显;在气温突变方面,关中地区气温突变(1995年)早于陕南(1998年)。通过近10 a秦岭南北气温时空格局演变分析,认为秦岭地区气温变化符合全球变化规律,其变化是自然因素和人类活动共同作用的结果,在小尺度上人类活动干扰尤为明显(特别体现在快速城市化影响气温上升)。     

Palaeosurfaces and major valleys in the area of the Kjǿlen Mountains,southern Norway - consequences of uplift and climatic change

Protected area management in Norway is undergoing institutional changes with the implementation of management models aimed at increased public participation. At the same time tourism enterprises are increasing in number within the protected areas. Greater levels of interaction with stakeholders place new demands on lead institutions in terms of communication, transparency, involvement, and power sharing. A governance perspective was used to examine some facets of the interaction between a local council managing a national park in Norway and tourism companies using the park for their operations. The main objective was to assess how the tourism sector perceives the cooperation and interface with the management institution. Semi-structured interviews were used, together with a framework of United Nations Development Programme principles of good governance: legitimacy and voice, direction, performance, accountability, and fairness. The results showed rather negative evaluations by the tourism sector, and operators expressed views, implying that the current management model fails to achieve most of the principles of good governance. Although based on a one-sided view by one group of stakeholders, the study suggests that lack of access to important processes and decisions, perceived bias towards traditional conservation, neglect of cultural heritage, and undue restrictions on access could have serious implications for developing an effective management model.     

Woodland regeneration in a coastal heathland area in central Norway

The open coastal heathlands in Norway have changed character in recent decades, mainly because traditional practices such as burning, cutting and grazing have been abandoned or reduced. In a project aimed at increasing our knowledge of woodland regeneration in oceanic boreal heathlands, an area on the island of Kalv?ya in the archipelago of Vikna on the extreme outer coast of central Norway has been studied. Kalv?ya has calcareous bedrock; rich heath, rich fens and low-herb woodland cover 20% of the island. Large parts are paludified, and wet heath and mire vegetation cover 60%. The island has not been inhabited, but it was used for summer farming in the latter part of the 19th century and later for stock grazing. The woodland and scrub were mapped using aerial photographs from 1961 and 1981, and by fieldwork in 2001. Vegetation changes were analyzed using GIS techniques. Woodland and scrub increased from 3.0% in 1961, to 4.3% in 1981, to 11.6% in 2001. Betula pubescens is the commonest woody species. The oldest trees are 150 to 175 years old, growing in the most heavily wooded area, far away from the summer farm. In addition to human impact (summer farm, grazing pressure), the geology, terrain (degree of exposure), and climatic factors are important for woodland colonisation and distribution.     

低纬高原两次冬季南支槽强降水的对比分析

利用常规高空观测资料,对发生在云南低纬高原2007年1月31日_2月1日和2008年1月26_27日的两次南支槽强降水过程进行对比分析。结果表明,两次南支槽降水的环流形势及影响系统均不同,前者为高原南支槽前西南暖湿气流与低层切变、冷锋共同影响,属典型的“槽潮”天气;后者无明显强冷空气配合,因中低层西南急流的建立并长时间维持,新生南支槽东移补充、西南涡及静止锋的共同影响造成。物理机制上,湿位涡的CSI机制分析表明,两次过程均属于对称不稳定降水;在2007年的强降水过程中,θac密集带在地面锋区附近形成,冷暖气流形成次级垂直环流国,导致强降水强降温并伴有大范围降雪的寒潮天气出现。后者无次级垂直环流圈形成,但有两个口。,密集带锋区长久维持,滇中以西持续的上升气流不断增强且深厚,滇中以东中低层形成有弱的气流辐合带,故强降水以液体降水为主,降温不明显;两次强降水过程均有锋生,前者锋生是由切变增强西移,低层冷高压促使冷锋增强,后者锋生为东移西南涡与稳定持续的强劲西南风低空急流触发而成。     

华北中部岩石圈磁场变化与岩石圈结构间的关系

对2016—2019年华北中部地区（34.7°—41.1°N,110.3°—119.7°E）流动地磁矢量观测数据进行处理,得到连续3期岩石圈磁场年变化数据,并对岩石圈磁场空间分布形态进行分析。研究发现,磁异常分布与岩石圈结构之间有一定相关性,在太行山隆起以西、临清坳陷、鲁西断隆和鲁西断隆以东等主要结构单元表现出不同程度的差异性,但在各自单元内却呈现出较好的整体性,岩石圈磁场水平矢量H和东向分量ΔY要素分区特征较明显。从H矢量空间分布形态可以看出,高能量区多分布在太行山隆起以西和鲁西断隆周边。文水—日照ΔY要素剖面幅值变化形态与结构分区间对应较好,对主要结构单元ΔX、ΔY、ΔZ要素异常幅度均值和极值进行统计,结果表明,太行山隆起以西近期岩石圈磁场变化幅度最大,异常能量最强,其次为鲁西断隆及以东地区,而临清坳陷周边磁场变化相对较平稳。     

西藏南部康马岩体岩石类型及其同位素测年

康马岩体位于西藏南部康马县城北侧 ,其内部可划分出 5种不同的岩石类型 :(1)片麻状黑云二长花岗岩 ;(2 )眼球状黑云二长花岗岩 ;(3)片麻状二云母二长花岗岩 ;(4 )弱片麻状细粒黑云二长花岗岩 ;(5 )变质的暗色辉长辉绿岩。前两类为康马岩体的主体岩石类型 ,侵位时代为加里东早期 (约4 78～ 4 6 1Ma) ;其余均呈脉状产出 ,其中片麻状二云母二长花岗岩与康马岩体主体岩石类型属于同期产物 ,弱片麻状细粒黑云二长花岗岩形成于海西早期 ((339.0± 1.2 )Ma) ,暗色辉长辉绿岩的形成时代目前还不十分清楚。不同类型的岩石其Ar Ar冷却年龄约为 18～ 14Ma。     

论中原崛起的基本问题

由于多方面的原因,中原地区经济发展呈现出“洼地”形势。在全省人民的努力下,近些年河南经济发展形势稳定好转伴随国家把中部崛起纳入整体的区域发展格局,中原崛起更加引人注目。根据河南经济发展的现实基础,中原崛起的基本思路是集中精力推进工业化,历史性地加速城镇化,努力实现农业现代化。     

Migration of supermassive black holes in galactic nuclei

The migration of central black holes in galactic nuclei through their encounters with galactic globular clusters is studied. The black hole moves in the field of the galactic bulge with a fixed potential. The dependences of the black-hole drift amplitude on orbital parameters of the globular cluster, its mass, and bulge parameters have been found. The drift amplitude of the central black hole can reach several parsecs in our Galaxy and several tens of parsecs in early-type (Sa) and late-type (Sc) spiral galaxies.     

塔里木盆地南缘策勒绿洲近4000年来的环境变化

根据位于塔里木盆地南缘的策勒绿洲两个剖面的孢粉和化学元素的古气候意义的研究,恢复了近4.0 ka B.P.以来此地区环境变化的历史,揭示出了4个相对湿润期,分别发生于约4.0～2.0 ka B.P.、约2.0～1.0 ka B.P.、550～300 a B.P.、100 a B.P.前后.研究还揭示了1 500 a B.P.、1 000 aB.P.和200 a B.P.前后可能是此地区环境变化的重要时间界线.塔里木盆地古城废弃事件与环境变化记录之间的耦合表明,环境变化对此地区人地关系的内容及其演化具有重要的内在影响.     

鲁中山区新生代沉积盆地古近系含水层富水性分析

正前人研究结果认为,鲁中山区新生代沉积盆地古近系为一套碎屑岩孔隙裂隙含水层,单井涌水量小于100 m~3/d,长期作为弱富水含水层出现,不具有供水意义(康凤新等,2010)。2016年以来,中国地质调查局启动的沂蒙山革命老区1:5万水文地质调查项目,在大汶河流域中上游鲁中山区实施古近系钻孔8眼,涌水量达10800 m~3/d,直接解困人口1.1万。其中在莱芜盆地西北缘实