济源市独立坐标与国家坐标的转换

介绍了济源市独立坐标系的建立过程,阐述了济源市独立坐标系椭球参数的计算方法,实现了独立坐标与国家坐标的转换关系.     

Climatic change during the last 4000 years in the southern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang, northwest China

In this study, a ca. 4000 cal. yr ancient lacustrine (or wetland) sediment record at the southern margin of Tarim Basin is used to reconstruct the history of climate change. Six radiocarbon dates on organic matter were obtained. δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C of carbonate, pollen and sediment particle size were analysed for climate proxies. The proxies indicate that a drier climate prevailed in the area before ca. 1010 BC and during period 1010 BC–AD 500 climate then changed rapidly and continuously from dry to moist, but after about AD 500 climate generally shows dry condition. Several centennial‐scale climatic events were revealed, with the wettest spell during AD 450–550, and a relatively wetter interval between AD 930–1030. Pollen results show that regional climate may influence human agricultural activities. Spectral analysis of mean grain size (MGS) proxy reveals statistically pronounced cyclic signals, such as ca. 200 yr, ca. 120 yr, ca. 90 yr, ca. 45 yr and ca. 33 or 30 yr, which may be associated with solar activities, implying that solar variability plays an important role in the decadal‐ and centennial‐scale climate variations in the study area. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

东昆仑南部晚新生代逆冲推覆构造系统

通过对东大滩—东温泉地区的路线地质观测与构造填图,在东昆仑南部发现晚新生代大型逆冲推覆构造系统。沿低角度逆冲断层,早二叠世大理岩和早三叠世砂板岩自北向南逆冲推覆于古新统—始新统风火山群紫红色砾岩和渐新世砖红色砂砾岩之上,形成大量不同规模的飞来峰;沿主逆冲断层发育厚层断层角砾岩与断层泥,局部形成碳酸盐质糜棱岩。东昆仑南部逆冲推覆构造的发育时代为渐新世晚期—中新世早期,主要形成、活动时期为26～13.5Ma;估算最小逆冲推覆距离为30～35km,最小逆冲推覆运动速率为2.4～2.8mm/a。东昆仑南部晚新生代逆冲推覆构造运动与现今山脉快速隆升存在着动力学成因联系。     

青藏高原羌塘中部果干加年山上三叠统望湖岭组的建立及意义

在果干加年山的主脊及其以北识别出一套稳定的沉积岩系,角度不整合于蛇绿混杂岩之上,以细砂岩、硅质粉砂岩为主,其中夹有大小不等的古生代外来岩块,底砾岩成分因地而异并具有快速堆积的特点,底部夹有流纹岩。厚度大于1633m。流纹岩夹层获得的锆石SHRIMPU-Pb谐和年龄为214Ma±4Ma,时代为晚三叠世诺利期。在剖面测制和区域对比的基础上建立了上三叠统望湖岭组,代表龙木错-双湖缝合带闭合以后接受的最早的沉积盖层。望湖岭组之下的蛇绿混杂岩获得阳起石Ar-Ar年龄219.7Ma±6.5Ma。同位素定年确定构造转化事件发生在214～220Ma之间,为龙木错-双湖缝合带的闭合时间提供了确切的时间约束,望湖岭组是这一事件的沉积记录,是龙木错-双湖缝合带蛇绿混杂岩之上首次发现的沉积盖层。     

藏南洛扎地区基性岩墙群锆石U-Pb定年、地球化学特征及构造意义

藏南洛扎地区广泛分布有近东西向产出的基性岩墙群,主要侵位于晚侏罗世—早白垩世及其以前的地层中,锆石U-Pb同位素定年获得成岩年龄138.0Ma±3.5Ma。基性岩墙可以划分为2种主要类型:一类低K(K2O=0.06%～0.54%),稀土元素总量和轻、重稀土元素分异程度低[∑REE=58.95×10-6～115.5×10-6,(La/Yb)N=0.23～2.94],亏损LILE;另一类富K(K2O=1.22%～1.67%),稀土元素总量和轻、重稀土元素分异程度较高[∑REE=199.97×10-6～381.47×10-6,(La/Yb)N=6.57～11.5],富集LILE而亏损HFSE。地球化学研究结果表明,基性岩墙为具大陆拉斑玄武岩特征的大陆板内岩浆侵入体,可能分别源于亏损的软流圈地幔和富集的岩石圈地幔。基性岩墙群是新特提斯洋晚期大规模扩张的产物,标志着喜马拉雅被动大陆边缘在晚侏罗世—早白垩世处于强烈的拉张、裂离和岩石圈伸展减薄、软流圈上涌的构造环境与动力学背景。     

西藏羌南坳陷中侏罗统夏里组硅化木的发现及意义

首次在羌南地区的地层中发现了硅化木化石,对硅化木的基本特征进行了描述,根据孢粉组合特征,将地层定为中侏罗统夏里组,硅化木初步定为南洋杉。同时,孢粉组合的特征反映出该区中侏罗世具干旱古气候特点。结合前人晚三叠世硅化木的发现,对羌塘盆地的性质及演化提出了新的思考。     

Discussion of: Ortega-Flores et al. (2018) Provenance analysis of Oligocene sandstone from the Cerro Pelón area,southern Gulf of Mexico.https://doi.org/10.1080/00206814.2018.1476922

ABSTRACT

We discuss the 2018 publication that reports petrographic, heavy mineral data, mineral chemistry, and zircon geochronology for Oligocene sandstones in the Cerro Pelón area in southern Mexico Sureste basin. As the title of their paper says, the goal of their study is to establish the source (s) of the voluminous Cenozoic section in this region, reaching several kilometres in thickness and important as a petroleum system. These authors conclude that Oligocene sandstones of La Laja Formation were mostly sourced from eclogite- to greenschist-facies metasedimentary, metaigneous, and ultramafic rocks of the Guatemala suture complex. Minor contributions from the Chiapas Massif Complex, exposed directly to the south ~60 km of the Cerro Pelón area, were also suggested by the authors. They thus conclude that the Palaeogene stratigraphic record in southeastern Mexico was mostly controlled by the development of the Caribbean–North America plate boundary rather than by orogenic processes at the Pacific margin of North America. Presently, we do not agree with the conclusions of Ortega Flores and colleagues who studied the Cerro Pelón section, thus some discussion is required. Serpentinite bearing Nanchital Conglomerate is well exposed in the Cerro Pelón area, and high- to low-grade metamorphic rocks experienced an uplift in the vicinity of the Cerro Pelón area at the time of deposition of the La Laja Formation. We believe the data are better explained by multiple local sources in southern and eastern Oaxaca as well as sources to the south and southwest, which include the Cenozoic coastal batholith, the Grenvillean/Guichicovi basement complexes, the Chiapas Massif, the Mazatlán schist and other units in the Cuicateco Belt, as well as the Mesozoic cover of these areas (Todos Santos Formation, Cretaceous carbonate rocks, and Paleogene strata such as the Soyaló and Bosque Formations).     

伊犁石炭纪裂谷的时空演化特征

通过对伊犁盆地石炭纪裂谷火山岩的地层学、岩石学、岩石地球化学等方面的论述,分析了裂谷的形成与演化,探讨了裂谷形成的区域动力学背景。认为裂谷期火山活动具幕式喷发的特点;随着时代的演替,裂谷由初始裂陷的察布查尔－伊什基里克一带扩展到整个伊犁地块;裂谷的形成主要与中天山南北两侧古洋壳的相向俯冲所导致的地幔物质上涌、中上地壳的背向伸展有关。     

BEEKEEPING AND LOCAL SELF-RELIANCE IN RURAL SOUTHERN AFRICA*

ABSTRACT. Beekeeping has the potential to supplement incomes in rural southern Africa. In light of regional economic constraints, self-reliance strategies that draw on local knowledge and skills take on a renewed importance. We consider the advantages and disadvantages of beekeeping and examine appropriate forms of development support. A short case study from Zimbabwe illustrates these issues.     

南方集约农区农牧结合对农业可持续发展的作用

为寻求该区农业可持续发展的途径,作者在分析其农业可持续发展的主要制约因素基础上,对农牧结合在实现农业可持续发展中的功能作了全面论述。结果表明,农牧结合是实现该区农业可持续发展的一条有效途径。最后还提出了该农区农牧结合的可行途径及有效措施