赣南兴国留龙金矿田井头复式岩体锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年及地质意义

赣南兴国县留龙金矿田井头复式岩体由主体花岗闪长岩和补体闪长岩组成,其中闪长岩主要由角闪石和斜长石组成,而不是英安岩或粗玄岩,其主体和补体的稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分曲线相互平行,属于轻稀土元素富集型,Eu有弱的亏损,两者来源于同一个岩浆房;并发现了具有金矿化特征的绿泥石化蚀变闪长岩,是一个新的地质找矿方向;锆石SHRIMP U-Pb同位素年代学研究表明,井头复式岩体的主体花岗闪长岩的成岩年龄为(162.6±2.6)Ma(MSWD=0.75),具有金矿化特征的绿泥石化蚀变闪长岩的成岩年龄为(156.6±1.7)Ma(MSWD=0.46)。区域地质及井头复式岩体的地球化学分析显示,该区金矿的形成与中晚侏罗世的浅成相中酸性、中性或基性岩浆岩密切相关,与赣南地区燕山早期钨锡矿的成矿时代同步,在同一构造背景下形成,两者应属于同一成矿系列。     

河北省南部平原区土壤有机碳储量估算

土壤中碳储量的估算是当前研究全球大气碳循环和变化的基本问题。本文以河北省多目标地球化学调查所获大量土壤数据为基础,在GIS平台中采用中国地质调查局提出的"单位土壤碳含量"概念,按土壤类型和土地利用分类两种划分方式计算了河北省南部平原区土壤有机碳储量。结果表明,河北省南部平原区土壤有机碳储量为819402498t,平均有机碳储量为13206.1t/km2。     

强沙尘暴天气形成机制个例分析

从气候背景、天气形势、地形作用、沙尘形成热力和动力学机制等方面,分别对2005年4月19、20日两天发生在冀南地区的扬沙、沙尘暴天气进行分析。结果表明:对流层低层横切变线和华北地形槽的存在使冀南地区沙尘天气加剧;沙尘发生前冀南弱辐合上升运动和上冷下暖的不稳定垂直结构可以迫使当地沙尘向空中扬起,上游地区较强的上升运动将当地的沙尘垂直输送到空中,在高空强西北气流的引导下将沙尘水平输送到下游地区;沙尘天气发生在上游地区对流层螺旋度最大正值区的下游,对流层螺旋度大小对沙尘暴预报有一定的指示意义。     

湘南宁远地区碱性玄武岩形成时代的新证据:锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 定年

采自宁远保安圩中心铺和李宅湘的碱性玄武岩中锆石的阴极发光图像显示出自形-半自形的晶形和均匀条带状吸收的特征。大部分锆石具有明显的板状环带,这是中基性岩中岩浆结晶锆石的典型结构。保安圩中心铺锆石的Th/ U 比值介于0.37～0.95 之间, 保安圩李宅湘锆石的Th/ U 比值介于0. 43～2.53 之间,表明它们都具有岩浆成因的特征。对保安圩中心铺玄武岩中20 粒锆石和保安圩李宅湘玄武岩中13 粒锆石进行了LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 年龄测定,结果显示,保安圩中心铺34个测定点的206Pb/238U 年龄主要集中在204～221Ma 之间,加权平均值为212.3Ma±1.7Ma ,保安圩李宅湘23个测定点的206Pb/238U年龄主要集中在196～226Ma之间,其加权平均值为205.5Ma±3.0Ma,表明保安圩玄武岩的结晶年龄为晚三叠世。     

甘肃礼县-岷县成矿带西段寨上金矿床中自然金的发现及成因意义

位于西秦岭礼(县)-岷(县)成矿带西段的寨上金矿床是近年发现的一个大型微细浸染型金矿。在研究甘肃寨上金矿床物质组分的过程中,采用显微镜观察、电子探针扫描、化学分析等综合分析技术发现了显微自然金颗粒。矿石中的自然金颗粒形态多样,粒度变化较大(5～150μm)。电子探针分析结果显示,自然金中Au=88.23%～92.73%,Ag=7.41%～9.08%,为含银自然金,成色905～926。金的载体矿物有砷黄铁矿、方铅矿、碲汞矿、铁白云石等。金的嵌布类型有粒间金、裂隙金和连生金3种。赋矿围岩中含Fe碳酸盐矿物溶解释放出Fe和溶解Fe的大量硫化物化,可能是寨上金矿床中存在显微可见自然金的最重要因素。     

新疆伊犁盆地南缘砂岩型铀成矿潜力综合评价

中国矿产资源勘查已经积累了大量地质资料,在新的成矿理论指导下,如何使这些资料在新一轮铀资源勘查中发挥最大效能是一项重要的课题。提出了砂岩型铀矿综合找矿模型的构建流程;在研究伊犁盆地南缘512典型铀矿床的地质、水文地质和区域地球物理场特征的基础上,建立了512铀矿床的多源信息描述模型,从中归纳总结出512式砂岩型铀矿田和铀矿床的综合找矿模型;依据综合找矿模型,完成了研究区砂岩型铀成矿信息的提取。最后,应用证据权重法综合中比例尺多源成矿信息完成了伊犁盆地南缘砂岩型铀成矿潜力综合定量评价,取得了较好的预测效果。     

Influence of basin characteristics on baseflow and stormflow chemistry in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park,USA

Relationships between stream chemistry and elevation, area, Anakeesta geology, soil properties, and dominant vegetation were evaluated to identify the influence of basin characteristics on baseflow and stormflow chemistry in eight streams of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Statistical analyses were employed to determine differences between baseflow and stormflow chemistry, and relate basin‐scale factors governing local chemical processes to stream chemistry. Following precipitation events, stream pH was reduced and aluminium concentrations increased, while the response of acid neutralizing capacity (ANC), nitrate, sulfate, and base cations varied. Several basin characteristics were highly correlated with each other, demonstrating the interrelatedness of topographical, geological, soil, and vegetative parameters. These interrelated basin factors uniquely influenced acidification response in these streams. Streams in higher‐elevation basins (>975 m) had significantly lower pH, ANC, sodium, and silicon and higher nitrate concentrations (p < 0.05). Streams in smaller basins (<10 km²) had significantly lower nitrate, sodium, magnesium, silicon, and base cation concentrations. In stormflow, streams in basins with Anakeesta geology (>10%) had significantly lower pH and sodium concentrations, and higher aluminium concentrations. Chemical and physical soil characteristics and dominant overstory vegetation in basins were more strongly correlated with baseflow and stormflow chemical constituents than topographical and geological basin factors. Saturated hydraulic conductivity, of all the soil parameters, was most related to concentrations of stormflow constituents. Basins with higher average hydraulic conductivities were associated with lower stream pH, ANC, and base cation concentrations, and higher nitrate and sulfate concentrations. These results emphasize the importance of soil and geological properties influencing stream chemistry and promote the prioritization of management strategies for aquatic resources. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Distribution of heavy metals and nutrients in rainwater in coastal regions between the southern Yellow Sea and East China Sea

Rainwater samples were collected in series in Qianliyan Island (southern Yellow Sea) and Shengsi Archipelago (East China Sea) between May 2000 and May 2002, chemical analysis for pH values,concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd) and nutrients (NH4^-, NO3^-, PO43^-, SiO32^-) were performed.Results indicate that concentrations of most of the heavy metals and nutrients in rainwater show clear seasonal variation, i.e. high level in winter and low level in summer. Regionally, concentrations are higher in the southern Yellow Sea than in the East China Sea, but the annual input of heavy metals into oceans by wet deposition is similar in both stations. However, the input of nutrients by wet deposition in the East China Sea is 2-3 times higher than that in the southern Yellow Sea. In individual, Pb and PO4^3- are input to the sea mainly by dry deposition; whereas Cu, Zn, Cd and N compounds are input dominantly by wet deposition, the N/P ratios in the rainwater from two stations are much higher than those in seawater, showing a significant impact of atmospheric wet deposition on marine production and biogeochemical circulation of nutrients in these sea regions.     

江西石城海罗岭花岗岩型铌钽矿床岩石地球化学、 年代学特征及其地质意义

稀有金属矿产是江西省优势矿产资源,成矿类型以花岗岩型为主,主要分布于赣西和赣北地区,以宜春414超大型钽铌矿为代表,而花岗岩广泛分布的赣南地区鲜有关于燕山期花岗岩型稀有金属矿床的报道。本文以赣南石城海罗岭铌钽矿床为研究重点,结合详细的野外调查,开展花岗岩的岩石学、岩石地球化学和同位素年代学等研究,厘定了海罗岭的中粒斑状黑云母二长花岗岩- 中细粒黑云母二长花岗岩岩石组合,明确了钠长石化叠加白云母化的中粒斑状黑云母二长花岗岩与铌钽矿密切相关的成矿专属性。海罗岭的成矿作用具两阶段特征,早阶段以蚀变花岗岩型钽铌矿为主,赋存于钠长石化白云母化中粒斑状黑云母二长花岗岩中,晚阶段则以花岗伟晶岩型锂矿为主,赋存于云母锂辉石伟晶岩中。海罗岭的花岗岩主要经历了钠长石化、白云母化、黄玉化、绢云母化、硅化等蚀变作用,呈现碱性长石化→云英岩化的演化过程。海罗岭花岗岩具富硅、富碱、富铝,贫钛、镁的特征,其中钠长石化白云母化中粒斑状黑云母二长花岗岩（富钽花岗岩）中F含量为8330×10-6～13076×10-6,平均为10475×10-6,具极低的Nb/Ta值（0. 34~0. 49）、Zr/Hf值（3. 73~4. 19）、稀土总量低（ΣREE为16. 3×10-6~23. 2×10-6）和“四分组”效应等特征,显示其成矿经历了岩浆- 流体相互作用的过程。研究显示,Li矿化富集程度与F含量呈明显的正相关,与稀土总量、K/Rb值呈负相关;Ta矿化富集程度与F含量呈明显的正相关,与Nb/Ta值、Zr/Hf值呈明显的负相关。中细粒黑云母二长花岗岩锆石U- Pb年龄为141. 9±1. 1 Ma,云母锂辉石伟晶岩和碱性长石伟晶岩独居石U- Pb年龄分别为141. 68±0. 69 Ma和137. 62±0. 73 Ma,均归属于早白垩世。研究表明,赣南地区140 Ma左右可能存在一次与钠长石化叠加白云母化中粒斑状黑云母二长花岗岩相关的独特的铌钽矿成矿事件和与花岗伟晶岩相关的锂成矿事件。这一发现打破了以往华南稀有金属主要赋存于燕山期复式岩体晚期二云母花岗岩- 白云母花岗岩中的认识,拓宽了找矿思路,为赣南乃至华南地区稀有金属找矿提供了新的方向。