南方地区建筑外墙防渗设计

根据对建筑外墙渗漏原因的分析,从设计角度提出了针对女儿墙、门窗洞口、悬挑构件根部、变形缝、框架梁与填充墙结合部、散水等易渗部位的应对策略。     

济宁南部优质大米产地土壤地球化学特征

对济宁南部优质大米产地的不同层位土壤样品的分析结果进行统计,分析了土壤元素的分布特征,证实除P的含量稍低于山东省平均值外,其他元素含量均高于山东省平均值,土壤质量良好,营养水平较高。但Cu,F,As,cd,Pb,Hg,cr在土壤中原始含量偏高,是潜在污染源和引发地方病的隐患。通过土壤环境质量评价和土壤肥力评价,结果表明该区土壤环境质量较好,大部分地区肥力优良或尚可,但个别地段因重金属污染超标成为质量较差区,应引起人们的重视,以确保粮食生产安全。     

南黄海中部沉积物岩芯常量元素组成与古环境

南黄海中部三个晚第四纪沉积物岩芯的粒度和常量元素组成研究表明,岩芯YS1和YS2沉积物组成接近,而与YS3沉积物明显不同.根据元素地球化学参数推测沉积物的来源不同,YS1和YS2沉积物主要来自中国大陆,以长江沉积物为主;而YS3沉积物则主要来自朝鲜半岛,长江和黄河的细粒沉积物可能通过黄海暖流输运而影响该岩芯沉积.南黄海中部沉积物受黄海暖流的影响显著,暖流形成前后的沉积物物源及沉积环境并不相同.黄海暖流靠近中国大陆一侧沉积区域的沉积环境由于气旋型涡旋的影响,水动力环境较弱,粒径较细,沉积速率缓慢;而靠近朝鲜半岛一侧的粗粒沉积物则由于靠近南黄海东北部的潮成砂体区,水动力环境相对较强,沉积物颗粒较粗,沉积物的形成过程与中部明显不同.     

吉林荒沟山铅锌矿床地质特征及矿床成因探讨

吉林荒沟山铅锌矿床赋存于中元古界老岭群珍珠门组白云石大理岩中,层控特征明显.通过对矿床地质、成矿元素Zn/Pb比值、方铅矿和闪锌矿中的微量元素、硫和铅同位素组成特征、矿物包裹体成分特征,矿源层特征等的讨论,认为本矿床为沉积改造型层控矿床.沉积作用是本矿床成矿物质来源的基础,改造作用是形成本矿床的主要因素.珍珠门组是提供成矿物质来源的重要矿源层.     

GIS‐based regional landslide susceptibility mapping: a case study in southern California

Landslides threaten lives and property throughout the United States, causing in excess of $2 billion in damages and 25–50 deaths annually. In regions subjected to urban expansion caused by population growth and/or increased storm intensities caused by changing climate patterns, the economic and society costs of landslides will continue to rise. Using a geographic information system (GIS), this paper develops and implements a multivariate statistical approach for mapping landslide susceptibility. The presented susceptibility maps are intended to help in the design of hazard mitigation and land development policies at regional scales. The paper presents (a) a GIS‐based multivariate statistical approach for mapping landslide susceptibility, (b) several dimensionless landslide susceptibility indexes developed to quantify and weight the influence of individual categories for given potential risk factors on landslides and (c) a case study in southern California, which uses 11 111 seismic landslide scars collected from previous efforts and 5389 landslide scars newly digitized from local geologic maps. In the case study, seven potential risk factors were selected to map landslide susceptibility. Ground slope and event precipitation were the most important factors, followed by land cover, surface curvature, proximity to fault, elevation and proximity to coastline. The developed landslide susceptibility maps show that areas classified as having high or very high susceptibilities contained 71% of the digitized landslide scars and 90% of the seismic landslide scars while only occupying 26% of the total study area. These areas mostly have ground slopes higher than 46% and 2‐year, 6‐hour precipitation greater than 51 mm. Only 12% of digitized landslides and less than 1% of recorded seismic landslides were located in areas classified as low or very low susceptibility, while occupying 42% of the total study region. These areas mostly have slopes less than 27% and 2‐year, 6‐hour precipitation less than 41 mm. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Chronological dating and tectonic implications of late Cenozoic volcanic rocks and lacustrine sequence in Oiyug Basin of southern Tibet

Reconstruction of uplift history of the Tibetan Plateau is crucial for understanding its environmental impacts. The Oiyug Basin in southern Tibet contains multiple periods of sedimentary sequences and volcanic rocks that span much of the Cenozoic and has great potential for further studying this issue. However, these strata were poorly dated. This paper presents a chronological study of the 145 m thick and horizontally-distributed lacustrine sequence using paleomagnetic method as well as a K-Ar dating of the underlying volcanic rocks. Based on these dating results, a chronostratigraphic framework and the basin-developmental history have been established for the past 15 Ma, during which three tectonic stages are identified. The period of 15-8.1 Ma is characterized by intense volcanic activities involving at least three major eruptions. Subsequently, the basin came into a tectonically quiescent period and a lacustrine sedimentary sequence was developed. Around 2.5 Ma, an N-S fault occurred across the southern margin of the basin, leading to the disappearance of the lake environment and the development of the Oiyug River. The Gyirong basin on northern slope of the Himalayas shows a similar basin developmental history and thus there is a good agreement in tectonic activities between the Himalayan and Gangdise orogenic belts. Therefore, the tectonic evolution stages experienced by the Oiyug Basin during the past 15 Ma could have a regional significance for southern Tibet. The chronological data obtained from this study may provide some constraints for further studies with regard to the tectonic processes and environmental changes in southern Tibetan Plateau.     

吉林三道岔金矿床综合异常找矿模式及其应用

三道岔金矿床是吉林夹皮沟金矿区大型矿床之一,地处华北地块北缘东段,地块边缘裂谷型绿岩带之中.矿床严格受北西向弧形构造带及其次一级南北向构造控制.太古宙绿岩带、南北向脆-韧性剪切带、脉岩、矿体构成三道岔金矿床独特的地质环境,即“四位一体”地质成矿模式.低阻高极化缓衰减激电异常是矿体的直接反映,Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、As、F、Hg（气）等元素组合异常可以作为土壤地球化学测量找矿的评价指标.综合异常模式找矿是综合地学模式的一种应用.     

吉林省兰家金矿原生地球化学特征

兰家金矿床位于大黑山条垒的金银多金属成矿带中。具有矽卡岩型、破碎带蚀变岩型及细脉浸染型三种类型的金矿体,矿床的形成与晚三叠世泉眼沟序列南泉眼单元的石英闪长岩的多次活动有密切的关系。Ａｕ、Ａｇ、Ｂｉ是成矿元素的特征组合,其原生地球化学特征可做为矿床评价及指导找矿的依据。     

吉林海沟金矿床地质特征及成矿模式

海沟金矿床具有多源、多期、多阶段成矿的特点,成矿主要与燕山早期花岗闪长岩及闪长玢岩有关。对其矿床地质特征、同位素地质学、矿床成因及成矿模式等方面研究,认为成矿物质来源具双重性,即有来源于地层,也有部分来自岩浆岩。成矿水为岩浆水和大气降水的混合,成矿热源为燕山期花岗闪长岩。成因类型应属于混合岩化热液型铀金矿床     

初春南黄海水文特征及环流状况的分析

根据1996年初春中韩黄海水循环动力学合作调查所获资料,分析了南黄海水文特征及其环流状况,并获得了以下几点主要认识:(1)初春南黄海的温、盐分布特征及环流基本形态,与以往所揭示的冬季状况基本相似.然而,本次调查发现,在30m以浅,黄海中部暖水舌轴线比冬季的明显偏东;且出现一范围较小的孤立的相对高温高盐区.在垂向,一种中层冷水和表层逆温跃层现象出现在黄海局部区域.(2)直接测流的结果,不仅部分地印证了由温、盐场所显示的环流基本形态,而且较好地揭示了流场中发生的一些新现象,其中尤其是绕济州岛的流动.(3)黄海暖流水是对马暖流水和陆架水混合而成.而且,它主要是在济州岛西侧水域,从锋带中衍生出来的.