全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4424篇 |
免费 | 640篇 |
国内免费 | 487篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 1117篇 |
大气科学 | 275篇 |
地球物理 | 1298篇 |
地质学 | 1682篇 |
海洋学 | 514篇 |
天文学 | 75篇 |
综合类 | 317篇 |
自然地理 | 273篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 7篇 |
2023年 | 30篇 |
2022年 | 78篇 |
2021年 | 110篇 |
2020年 | 131篇 |
2019年 | 177篇 |
2018年 | 131篇 |
2017年 | 208篇 |
2016年 | 173篇 |
2015年 | 171篇 |
2014年 | 248篇 |
2013年 | 298篇 |
2012年 | 304篇 |
2011年 | 328篇 |
2010年 | 218篇 |
2009年 | 280篇 |
2008年 | 287篇 |
2007年 | 308篇 |
2006年 | 316篇 |
2005年 | 238篇 |
2004年 | 231篇 |
2003年 | 224篇 |
2002年 | 148篇 |
2001年 | 147篇 |
2000年 | 132篇 |
1999年 | 102篇 |
1998年 | 84篇 |
1997年 | 86篇 |
1996年 | 63篇 |
1995年 | 52篇 |
1994年 | 60篇 |
1993年 | 41篇 |
1992年 | 32篇 |
1991年 | 19篇 |
1990年 | 21篇 |
1989年 | 20篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有5551条查询结果,搜索用时 171 毫秒
91.
92.
93.
94.
高孟潭 《地震学报(英文版)》2003,16(6):639-645
1 Background of the new national seismic zoning map The policy of seismic disaster mitigation in the Chinese mainland is prevention first. According to the law, the earthquake design for ordinary structures must fit the demand of national seismic zoning map. Seismic zoning map is the basis of the earthquake design (TANG, 1998; WU, et al, 1998). The seismic zoning map must be updated with the progress in methodology and accumula-tion of the data. There are three generations of national seis… 相似文献
95.
During strong ground motion it is expected that extended structures (such as bridges) are subjected to excitation that varies along their longitudinal axis in terms of arrival time, amplitude and frequency content, a fact primarily attributed to the wave passage effect, the loss of coherency and the role of local site conditions. Furthermore, the foundation interacts with the soil and the superstructure, thus significantly affecting the dynamic response of the bridge. A general methodology is therefore set up and implemented into a computer code for deriving sets of appropriately modified time histories and spring–dashpot coefficients at each support of a bridge with account for spatial variability, local site conditions and soil–foundation–superstructure interaction, for the purposes of inelastic dynamic analysis of RC bridges. In order to validate the methodology and code developed, each stage of the proposed procedure is verified using recorded data, finite‐element analyses, alternative computer programs, previous research studies, and closed‐form solutions wherever available. The results establish an adequate degree of confidence in the use of the proposed methodology and code in further parametric analyses and seismic design. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
96.
The methodology for dealing with spatial variability of ground motion, site effects and soil–structure interaction phenomena in the context of inelastic dynamic analysis of bridge structures, and the associated analytical tools established and validated in a companion paper are used herein for a detailed parametric analysis, aiming to evaluate the importance of the above effects in seismic design. For a total of 20 bridge structures differing in terms of structural type (fundamental period, symmetry, regularity, abutment conditions, pier‐to‐deck connections), dimensions (span and overall length), and ground motion characteristics (earthquake frequency content and direction of excitation), the dynamic response corresponding to nine levels of increasing analysis complexity was calculated and compared with the ‘standard’ case of a fixed base, uniformly excited, elastic structure for which site effects were totally ignored. It is concluded that the dynamic response of RC bridges is indeed strongly affected by the coupling of the above phenomena that may adversely affect displacements and/or action effects under certain circumstances. Evidence is also presented that some bridge types are relatively more sensitive to the above phenomena, hence a more refined analysis approach should be considered in their case. Copyright @ 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
97.
Shear‐wall dominant multistorey reinforced concrete structures, constructed by using a special tunnel form technique are commonly built in countries facing a substantial seismic risk, such as Chile, Japan, Italy and Turkey. In spite of their high resistance to earthquake excitations, current seismic code provisions including the Uniform Building Code (International Conference of Building Officials, Whittier, CA, 1997) and the Turkish Seismic Code (Specification for Structures to be Built in Disaster Areas, Ankara, Turkey, 1998) present limited information for their design criteria. In this study, consistency of equations in those seismic codes related to their dynamic properties are investigated and it is observed that the given empirical equations for prediction of fundamental periods of this specific type of structures yield inaccurate results. For that reason, a total of 80 different building configurations were analysed by using three‐dimensional finite‐element modelling and a set of new empirical equations was proposed. The results of the analyses demonstrate that given formulas including new parameters provide accurate predictions for the broad range of different architectural configurations, roof heights and shear‐wall distributions, and may be used as an efficient tool for the implicit design of these structures. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
98.
Results of a detailed statistical study of constant relative strength inelastic displacement ratios to estimate maximum lateral inelastic displacement demands on existing structures from maximum lateral elastic displacement demands are presented. These ratios were computed for single‐degree‐of‐freedom systems with different levels of lateral strength normalized to the strength required to remain elastic when subjected to a relatively large ensemble of recorded earthquake ground motions. Three groups of soil conditions with shear wave velocities higher than 180m/s are considered. The influence of period of vibration, level of lateral yielding strength, site conditions, earthquake magnitude, distance to the source, and strain‐hardening ratio are evaluated and discussed. Mean inelastic displacement ratios and those associated with various percentiles are presented. A special emphasis is given to the dispersion of these ratios. It is concluded that distance to the source has a negligible influence on constant relative strength inelastic displacement ratios. However, for periods smaller than 1s earthquake magnitude and soil conditions have a moderate influence on these ratios. Strain hardening decreases maximum inelastic displacement at a fairly constant rate depending on the level of relative strength for periods of vibration longer than about 1.0s while it decreases maximum inelastic displacement non‐linearly as the period of vibration shortens and as the relative‐strength ratio increases for periods of vibration shorter than 1.0s. Finally, results from non‐linear regression analyses are presented that provide a simplified expression to be used to approximate mean inelastic displacement ratios during the evaluation of existing structures built on firm sites. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
99.
In the new trend of seismic design methodology, the static pushover analysis is recommended for simple or regular structures whilst the time‐history analysis is recommended for complex structures. To this end, the applicable range of the pushover analysis has to be clarified. This study aims at investigating the applicability of pushover analysis to multi‐span continuous bridge systems with thin‐walled steel piers. The focus is concentrated on the response demand predictions in longitudinal or transverse directions. The pushover analysis procedure for such structures is firstly summarized and then parametric studies are carried out on bridges with different types of superstructure‐pier bearing connections. The considered parameters, such as piers' stiffness distribution and pier–0.5ptdeck stiffness ratio, are varied to cover both regular and irregular structures. Finally, the relation of the applicability of pushover analysis to different structural formats is demonstrated and a criterion based on the higher modal contribution is proposed to quantitatively specify the applicable range. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
100.
非开挖导向钻进实际轨迹的控制设计 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
非开挖导向钻进技术,具有施工速度快、适用范围广等优点,得到了广泛的应用。在实际钻进中,由于钻进在地下的不确定性,影响了导向钻进的顺利进行。到得钻进中当前点的顶角、方位角和孔深,通过均角全距法原理,可以近似地描绘出当前钻孔的空间实际轨迹,并确定钻头的位置。应用这一原理,同时运用VisualBasic语言和AutoCAD绘图工具相结合的方法,编制一套应用程序,可以直接绘制出当前钻孔轨迹,并可实现对钻孔轨迹的调控,从而保证导向钻进的顺利进行。 相似文献