Spatial-Temporal Ground Deformation Study of BaotouBased on the PS-InSAR Method

Ground subsidence is an emerging geological hazard in Baotou,Inner Mongolia.Four areas of Baotou with relatively large subsidence range and rate were selected for analysis.Focusing on investigation of ground subsidence using PS-InSAR technology,a total of 43 frames of ALOS PALSAR images yielded a SAR data span from December 2006 to January 2011,allowing ground subsidence scope,subsidence velocity,time-series deformation to be obtained.Major causes and influencing factors of the ground subsidence are closely related to soft soil consolidation and compaction and the decrease in the level of groundwater caused by increased development and utilization of groundwater.     

缓解深厚软基桥头跳车两种方法的现场试验

分别采用真空联合堆载和低强度混凝土桩复合地基处理深厚软基,成功解决了桥头段软基处理中的桥头跳车问题。介绍了两种软基处理方法的地基承载力、沉降和分层沉降等现场测试成果,并对两种处理方法的加固效果和相关经济指标进行了比较分析。      

GM（1,1）模型在铁路路基冻胀监测中的应用

通过对季节性冻土区铁路路基冻胀量与地层温度的监测,可以了解监测段的冻胀变化过程,但无法对未来的发展趋势作出有效预测。本文采用GM（1,1）模型对监测段落路基的冻胀变形及冻结深度的变化情况进行预测。结果表明,此预测方法可以在现有监测数据的基础上有效预测短期内路基冻胀的发展趋势。根据模型预测结果,可以提前采取有效整治措施,便于决策者对轨道检验周期、维修周期、限速周期等作出合理调整。     

考虑蠕变性状的港区软土地基参数反演和长期沉降预测

结合上海某集装箱码头建设项目,针对本工程深厚淤泥质黏土的场地条件,引入Mesri蠕变模型考虑堆场地基的长期蠕变变形。利用施工期和工后短期实测分层沉降资料,由最小二乘法建立目标函数,运用分层迭代反演方法反演得到各软土层的黏弹性参数;将反演得到的土层参数代入自行编制的沉降计算软件,计算得到地基沉降量,并将计算值与实测值进行对比,对比结果证明了参数反演的可靠性;利用反演得到的土层参数对工后的长期沉降进行了预测,为本工程的安全运营提供了指导。     

土钉与护坡桩综合结构在软土基坑支护中的应用

本文介绍了在软土地层中土钉护坡桩综合支护体系的设计与施工，实践证明，在软土深基坑支护设计中，应用综合支护体系，可以发挥各种支护体系的优点，弥补各种支护体系的不足，从而节省工程造价，缩短工期。     

Neoglacial (<3000 years) till and flutes at Saskatchewan Glacier,Canadian Rocky Mountains,formed by subglacial deformation of a soft bed

Understanding the processes that deposit till below modern glaciers provides fundamental information for interpreting ancient subglacial deposits. A process‐deposit‐landform model is developed for the till bed of Saskatchewan Glacier in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. The glacier is predominantly hard bedded in its upper reaches and flows through a deep valley carved into resistant Palaeozoic carbonates but the ice margin rests on a thick (<6 m) soft bed of silt‐rich deformation till that has been exposed as the glacier retreats from its Little Ice Age limit reached in 1854. In situ tree stumps rooted in a palaeosol under the till are dated between ca 2900 and 2700 yr bp and record initial glacier expansion during the Neoglacial. Sedimentological and stratigraphic observations underscore the importance of subglacial deformation of glaciofluvial outwash deposited in front of the advancing glacier and mixing with glaciolacustrine carbonate‐rich silt to form a soft bed. The exposed till plain has a rolling drumlinoid topography inherited from overridden end moraines and is corrugated by more than 400 longitudinal flute ridges which record deformation of the soft bed and fall into three genetically related types: those developed in propagating incipient cavities in the lee of large subglacial boulders embedded in deformation till, and those lacking any originating boulder and formed by pressing of wet till up into radial crevasses under stagnant ice. A third type consists of U‐shaped flutes akin to barchan dunes; these wrap around large boulders at the downglacier ends of longitudinal scours formed by the bulldozing of boulders by the ice front during brief winter readvances across soft till. Pervasive subglacial deformation during glacier expansion was probably facilitated by large boulders rotating within the soft bed (‘glacioturbation’).     

软岩填料的长期沉降变形特性及分析

通过现场试验路堤和室内模型试验研究了几种较有代表性的软岩填石料的长期沉降变形特性,证明了软岩填石料的长期变形性能除了与填石料的岩石特性和压实密度有关外,风化程度、干湿循环是影响填石料的长期变形性能的主要因素。     

基于小波包变换的SAR干涉图去噪研究

基于SAR复干涉图中噪声满足加性噪声模型,提出对复干涉图实部和虚部分别应用小波包软阈值方法的去噪方案。以Daubeachies小波为小波包基函数,对添加了噪声的模拟SAR干涉图进行去噪实验,发现三级小波包分解的去噪效果明显优于一级和二级分解。并进一步对实际的含噪干涉图进行了去噪实验,与小波包软阈值方法直接对干涉图去噪的结果进行了比较。实验结果证实了本文方案的有效性。     

动载作用下淤泥质软土流变模型与流变方程

淤泥质软土在动态载荷作用下具有黏弹塑性流变力学特性。在理论分析和测试基础上，建立了黏弹塑性流变力学模型，并推导了新的流变方程和动态黏弹性流变参数。研究结论对分析动态载荷作用下软土流变力学响应与稳定性，探索软土加速流变并导致岩土地质灾害的动力学机制等具有重要的理论意义，对维护岩土工程的安全性等具有重要的工程意义。     

旋挖钻机在特殊工况中的减压钻进研究

为解决旋挖钻机在脆性岩层或者软硬交替地层等特殊工况中加压钻进出现的钻机高频高幅振动和钻孔极易倾斜等问题,对旋挖钻机入岩的碎岩机理进行分析,找出加压钻进产生问题的原因。对减压钻进施工工艺进行研究,提出实现方式及适用范围,并进行实际工程应用,验证了旋挖钻机使用减压钻进施工的可行性。应用结果表明,特殊工况下减压钻进对降低设备的入岩振动、提高设备的结构稳定性以及保证成孔质量都具有重要作用。