二维粗糙海面的微波发射率研究

针对双尺度模型和直接发射率模型求解粗糙海面的亮温特点,提出了一种新的高阶Stokes向量模型.该模型基于二维粗糙海面上场的高阶微扰法展开近似,得到了4个发射率分量及亮温的高阶微扰解.通过考虑海面特性的修正,定量计算了复折射率、风速和泡沫等因素对亮温的修正效应.数值计算和测量值的比较表明,该模型是有效的.     

用方差体技术识别小断层及裂隙发育带

为了提高煤田开采的效率,准确、快速地确定断层和裂隙发育带已迫在眉睫。而三维方差体技术突出了地层横向变化对地震道的影响,能够对三维地震地质信息进行提取,还可用于识别断层、裂隙及地层的不连续变化。这里介绍了三维方差体技术的原理及基本算法,并在山东某采区三维地震资料的解释工作中进行了实际应用。结果表明,方差体技术对断层、裂隙发育带等地质异常体具有良好的识别效果。     

A BAROTROPIC QUASI-GEOSTROPHIC MODEL WITH LARGE-SCALE TOPOGRAPHY, FRICTION AND HEATING

Based on the barotropic equations including large-scale topography, friction and heat factor, a barotropic quasi-geostrophic model with large-scale topography, friction and heating is obtained by means of scale analysis and small parameter method. It is shown that this equation is a basic one, which is used to study the influence of the Tibetan Plateau on the large-scale flow in the atmosphere. If the friction and heating effect of large-scale topography are neglected, this model will degenerate to the general barotropic quasi-geostrophic one.     

西藏主要城镇地下水资源保证程度及开发利用方向

本文从阐述西藏主要城镇地下水资源分布及城镇集中供水水源的保证程度出发,提出了城镇地下水资源开发利用的主要方向和建立傍河型水源地的可行性。指出了城镇集中供水水源地地下水开采的主要适用形式。     

Spatial and temporal variability of event runoff characteristics in a small agricultural catchment

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study is to investigate the factors that control event runoff characteristics at the small catchment scale. The study area is the Hydrological Open Air Laboratory, Lower Austria. Event runoff coefficient (Rc), recession time constant (Tc) and peak discharge (Qp) are estimated from hourly discharge and precipitation data for 298 events in the period 2013–2015. The results show that the Rc and their variability tend to be largest for the tile drainages (mean Rc = 0.09) and the main outlet (mean Rc = 0.08) showing larger Rc in January/February and smaller Rc in July/August. Tc does not vary much between the systems and tends to be largest at the main outlet (mean Tc = 6.5 h) and smallest for the tile drainages (mean Tc = 4.5 h). Groundwater levels explain the temporal variability of Rc and Tc more than soil moisture or precipitation, suggesting a role of shallow flow paths.     

非对称环流的细致结构与台风路径的摆动

应用准地转三层斜压模式数值模拟热带气旋的移动，详细分析热带气旋非对称环流的三度空间结构及其与热带气旋移动的关系。结果表明：非线性涡度平流与线性β项相结合不但可以产生大尺度β涡旋对，而且还可产生小尺度涡旋对；这两种不同尺度的非对称涡旋不断相互作用，导致热带旋移速的振荡和移向的摆动。     

TRANSPORT PLANNING FOR NEW TOWN DEVELOPMENT:EXPERIENCE OF HONG KONG

l.TheNewTowllsofHongKo11gInanattempttotestifytheintimateandvitalrelationshipbetweennewtownsandthemetroPOlitanarea,andtheil1teractingrolesbetweentheplanningandprovisionofpublictransPOrtfacilitiesontheonehand,andthechangingfunctionsofnewtownsontheother,thispaperpresentssomeexperiencegainedinastudyofnewtowntransportplaninnginHongKong.HongKonghasatotallandareaofabout1o74kinandwasinhabitedbyabout5.9millionPeopleinl992.About77percentofthemlivedinthemetroPOlitanarea.TheeconomicsystemofHongKong…     

Changing Business Opportunities: The Geography Of Rapidly Growing Small U.S. Private Firms, 1982–1992*

The objective of this paper is to analyze the changing geography of the 500 fastest growing small, private companies, as defined by Inc magazine, in the United States from 1982 to 1992. The study focuses on rates of formation of these firms within types of metropolitan region, the impact of economic restructuring, and the locational dynamics of companies within the fastest growing economic sectors. Results suggest that there is little regional or hierarchical logic to the distribution of the firms, that the influence of economic restructuring is clearly evident, and that new rapidly growing high-technology firms are highly concentrated in San Francisco and Los Angeles, while higher-order service firms are dispersing down the urban hierarchy.     

四川紫坪铺地区平均应力场

本文利用有关作者对中国及四川地壳和上地幔速度结构的研究成果,根据《四川地震台网观测报告》(1982—1988年),挑选出震中落在四川紫坪铺(ZPPS)区域内(29.5—32.5°N,102—105°E)的M_L≥2.0,且精度在C类以上的小地震的初动符号,然后分4个工作区,分别求其平均应力场。结果表明,虽然这4个工作区内的平均应力场比较复杂,但其P轴却都接近水平,而且每个工作区内的平均应力场又都与各该区内较大地震的发震应力场比较一致。此外,这4个工作区的构造形变似乎也有规律性的变化。     

安徽北部地区小口径地质调查井施工技术研究

皖亳地1井是部署在安徽省亳州市谯城区境内的一口油气调查井,该井旨在通过钻探、录井、测井等工作方法查明安徽亳州地区地层层序及发育特征,获取寒武系储层物性及含油气性等评价参数。本文详细介绍了该井的地质概况、钻探施工技术及施工中遇到的难题,并提出了针对性解决方案,圆满完成了各项施工任务,可为国内同类型小口径地质调查井施工提供经验及借鉴。