顺层岩体边坡开挖过程模型试验

边坡开挖引起的变形及应力调整规律是边坡安全监控的科学依据,模型试验是揭示公路高切坡变形与应力变化规律的重要途径,针对巫山至巫溪公路k88段岩体高边坡,通过相似模型试验探讨边坡开挖过程中坡内位移和应力变化规律。通过相似材料试验获得了模型试验相似材料,配合比“硼砂:水:砂:水泥:石膏”为0.01:1:7.705:0.384:0.900,构建了几何相似比1:30的物理试验模型,提出了与实际工程一致的边坡3次开挖工况。试验结果表明,开挖过程中高切坡位移峰值突增现象显著,达到稳定状态的时间4 d左右,而应力则成波动衰减状态,10 d以后仍然存在衰减趋势;基于开挖过程中边坡变形和应力的不一致性及应力调整的持续性变化规律,提出了岩质边坡以三维应力监测为主、位移监测为辅的边坡监测优化方案。     

Simplified method for evaluating the response of existing tunnel induced by adjacent excavation

Adjacent excavation may have a negative influence on the existing tunnel underneath. Thus, it is important to evaluate the response of the tunnel due to adjacent excavation. However, there is little report about using the Kerr foundation model to simulate the tunnel-soil interaction. Meanwhile, the Timoshenko beam, which can take the tunnel shearing effect into consideration, is more suitable to estimate the behavior of the tunnel. To simulate the interaction between soil and tunnel, the existing tunnel is simplified as a Timoshenko beam lying on the Kerr foundation model, and a simplified theoretical method is proposed to calculate the response of the existing tunnel induced by adjacent excavation. The proposed method is validated by two field case studies. Results indicate that the predictions given by the proposed method show great agreement with field measurements and it is more accurate to evaluate the tunnel-soil interaction compared with the previous method. The further parametric study shows that the relative position between excavation and tunnel, the ground Young's modulus, the depth of existing tunnel centerline, and length and width of excavation are both significant factors governing the tunnel response induced by adjacent excavation, while the influence of tunnel shear stiffness and skew between tunnel and excavation are slight. The proposed method can be applied to predict the potential risk of existing tunnels induced by adjacent excavation in relevant engineering projects.     

A calculation method for deformation of diaphragm wall of narrow deep foundation pit in soft soil considering spatio-temporal effectEI北大核心

为准确评估软土地区基坑施工安全以及对周围环境的影响,开挖过程中的时间和空间影响因素不可忽视。以长江漫滩软土地区某深基坑开挖工程为依托,首先建立考虑顺逆结合施工过程的有限元模型,将地连墙水平位移的计算值与实测值进行对比,验证有限元计算的可靠性;基于理论分析、数值计算和实测数据,采用坑角效应影响系数和等效水平抗力系数来衡量时空效应对支护变形的影响,提出考虑时空效应的地连墙变形计算方法;通过工程实例验证了在软土地区基坑设计计算中考虑时空效应的必要性以及所提计算方法的合理性。该研究成果可为软土地区深基坑变形计算提供有益借鉴。