细颗粒浆体、泥石流浆体对泥石流运动的作用

通过泥石流野外观测资料分析,得出稀性泥石流及粘性泥石流存在颗粒不分选的浆体,并讨论了一般形式的泥石流流速公式,它适用于类似蒋家沟各种类型的泥石流。     

陕北石油钻井施工应注意的几个技术问题

结合陕北石油钻井的实际情况,提出了三个值得注意的技术问题,对陕北的石油钻探生产有一定的借鉴作用.     

硫酸镁—氨气法生产氢氧化镁

以硫酸镁和氨气为原料,直接制备高浓度阻燃剂氢氧化镁。通过单因素实验确定了最佳工艺条件,搅拌强度450r／rain,氨镁摩尔比2．4：1,氨气加入流量500mL／min,陈化时间60min,反应温度60℃,硫酸镁浓度2．50mol／L。用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和激光粒度仪表征产品的形貌、结构及粒度。在最佳工艺条件下得到,D5012．06μm,D90 18．99μm,料浆浓度7．37％,Mg收率68．02％,氢氧化镁纯度96．75％。     

谈聚合物泥浆对钻井防塌护壁的效果与处理方法

作者以丙烯酰胺泥浆为例，阐述了聚合物泥浆的井壁防塌机理；对聚合物泥浆井壁防塌效果进行了实验与分析记述，指明了聚合物泥浆井壁防塌的现场处理方法。认为聚合物泥浆有较好的井壁防塌和维护井壁稳定的效果；指出跟聚合物泥浆与CaCl2，KCl，NaCl等无机盐类相结合使用是防止井壁塌坍的良方；使用聚合物泥浆不仅是促进钻井工艺技术进步，且提高了钻井效益。     

An experimental study of scale growth rate and flow velocity of a super-saturated caustic–aluminate solution

Scale growth in alumina refineries occurs where supersaturated solutions are in contact with solid surfaces. Whilst some scale formations may prove beneficial in protecting equipment and pipe surfaces from chemical attack or abrasion, more commonly its deposition results in reduced equipment performance and plant productivity. Experiments have shown that the rate of scale growth is 60% higher in concentric reducers (contractions) than it is in adjacent straight pipes. One method of reducing the rate of gibbsite scale growth on the walls of precipitator tanks is to increase the flow velocity of the supersaturated slurry near the wall. For the supersaturated caustic–aluminate slurry encountered at Queensland Alumina Limited, (QAL), the results of this research suggests that a minimum slurry flow velocity of 2.9 m/s near the walls of the tank would reduce the rate of scale growth to zero on the tank walls. The energy required to develop this wall velocity would, however, be both uneconomic and impractical.     

东海大桥海上钻孔灌注桩施工技术

介绍了东海大桥钻孔灌注桩基础的施工技术，对一些关键技术做了详细说明，同时也介绍了海上钻孔灌注桩施工成孔设备的选择及所用淡水泥浆的配制。     

采用井管外洗井增加涌水量的方法探讨

海拉尔市伊敏煤电公司疏干井施工,由于钻孔孔径大,地层松散,采用泥浆护壁钻进方法,给洗井工作带来很大困难。通过井管外插管洗井工艺,能大大提高洗井效率,保证出水量,提高经济效益。     

高温地热水泥浆稠化特性的试验研究

稠化特性是地热固井作业中水泥浆的一个重要性能。在模拟不同温度和压力条件下,对水泥浆进行了稠化试验。并对７种缓凝剂进行了高温缓凝试验评价,认为硼酸是一种有效的高温水泥缓凝剂,并用它对两种地热水泥浆的稠化特性进行了调节。     

新型低密度水泥浆体系在大庆油田深层气井中的应用

针对常规漂珠的批量生产限制、承压能力差,非漂珠低密度水泥浆体系密度可控范围窄、低温强度低等问题,进行了新型深井高强低密度水泥浆体系的研究。选用新型高承压人造空心微珠作为主减轻剂,以颗粒的合理级配及紧密堆积为理论基础,通过水泥石抗压强度、水泥浆沉降稳定性等试验优选了 DC-1、DC-2外掺料,并确定最优配比。复配外加剂体系后,研制出密度为1.30～1.40 g/cm3的低密度水泥浆体系,具有密度低、强度高、稳定好等特点。该体系泥浆在大庆油According to the problems of conventional floating bead about mass production limit, poor resistance to pressure and non floating bead about narrow controllable range and low temperature strength, the study was made on high compressive strength and low density cement slurry system for new deep well. New high pressure artificial cenospheres were selected as density reducer, on the theoretical basis of reasonable gradation of particles and dense packing and by the cement compressing strength and cement slurry sedimentation stability tests, DC-1 and DC-2 additives were optimized and the optimal proportion was determined. With the additive system completion, new cement slurry system of 1.30～1.40g/cm3 was developed with the characteristics of low density, high compressive strength and good sedimentary stability, this slurry system was applied in Zhaoshen well 19 in Xujiaweizi block of Daqing oilfield. The good application effects show its good popularization and application prospect.田徐家围子区块肇深19井成功应用,取得较好的效果,具有良好的推广应用前景。     

固井水泥浆主要性能模糊评价方法研究

根据不同模糊数学隶属函数分布曲线的形状和走向,分别选取适合描述水泥浆稠化时间、流性指数、API滤失量、抗压强度和析水性能的模糊分布,以实际固井的水泥浆实测性能综合评分与实际固井质量评分对比,优选了相关隶属函数的参数。以5口井的实际固井为例,验证了评价方法的可靠性,所得到的评价结果与现场固井胶结质量的平均拟合误差由文献\[4\]中的±12.26%减小到±3.34%。证明本研究所确定的评价方法可作为水泥浆体系及外加剂的优选方法,合理确定固井质量。