Winkler地基上有限长梁联合共振分析

为进一步完善弹性地基上梁的非线性振动理论以及满足实际工程的需要,本文对三种联合共振情况进行了研究。文中基于已建立的Winkler地基上有限长梁的非线性振动方程,运用Galerkin离散法以及多尺度法推导其稳态运动方程组,分析了主/次联合共振时,结构参数及初始条件对系统幅频响应曲线、调谐-相位曲线的影响,初步探讨了主/超联合共振、次/超联合共振的基本性质。研究结果表明:当且仅当两个激励频率是可公度关系时,联合共振才存在稳态响应;对于一个给定的调谐参数,系统最多存在七个解,而解的最终形式是由初始条件决定;系统参数及初始条件的微小变动,可能会激烈地改变系统的响应;工程中为了较好地抑制结构的振动,必须选择合适的方法提高系统的刚度。     

Experimental Designs Applied to Desorption of Dichromate Ions after Separation and Preconcentration from Natural and Industrial Water by Modified Nano‐Alumina

Nano‐alumina modified by 9‐aminoacridine was used as a sorbent for separation and determination of dichromate ions from water. Statistical method, based on surface response design, has been used for the optimization of dichromate ions elution from 9‐aminoacridine nano‐alumina. The adsorbed dichromate ions were found to be eluted quantitatively with 0.8 mol L^?1 KCl in 1.6 mol L^?1 NaOH which optimized by response surface design. Under optimum conditions, the accuracy, precision (relative standard deviation, RSD%) and R‐square of the method were calculated as >98, <3, and >94%, respectively. Remarkable agreement between experimental and theoretical data was confirmed the predicted assumption. The method was applied to the simultaneous determination of dichromate in natural and industrial water samples. We also examined the retention of dichromate anions in the presence of Cl^?, , and anions at pH 3.     

Ultrasound‐Assisted Emulsification–Microextraction Combined with Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry for the Determination of Trace Lead in Water

The ultrasound‐assisted emulsification–microextraction (USAEME) method was combined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) for the determination of trace Pb using dithizone (H²DZ) as chelating reagent. Some effective parameters influenced the detection and microextraction, such as ashing temperature and atomization temperature, pH, extraction solvent, sample volume, extraction time, and extraction temperature were selected and optimized. After extraction, the calibration curves for Pb was in the concentration range of 0.1–10 ng mL^?1, and the linear equation was y = 0.097 x + 0.023 (R = 0.99). Under the optimized conditions, the detection limit of the method was 20 pg mL^?1 with an enrichment factor of 70 and the relative standards deviation (RSD) for seven determinations of 1 ng mL^?1 Pb was 11%. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine trace Pb in Yueya Lake water, pond water, and spiked samples. Furthermore, a certified reference material of Environment Water (GBW08607) was analyzed and the determined value was in good agreement with the certified value, which showed the accuracy, recovery, and applicability of the reported method.     

分布式电磁探测系统在深部地下水资源勘查中的应用

可控源音频大地电磁法（CSAMT）是一种有效的地下深部资源勘探方法,但现有仪器分段分时的工作方式使得其观测精度受不同排列观测条件差异的影响。为了提高测量精度和效率,研制了一种实现整条测线多点同步观测的分布式电磁探测系统。系统由级联式大功率发射系统和分布式多通道接收系统组成,通过移动发射源位置实现CSAMT和激发极化法2种测量功能;仪器采集的多道原始数据经过干扰噪声抑制后提取出反演参数。利用该系统在吉林松江河地区开展了深部地下水资源勘查,并与同类仪器GDP32II的勘探结果进行了对比。结果表明：分布式电磁探测系统多点同步观测方式不但提高了工作效率,而且有效地克服了时变性、区域性外界噪声产生的横向异常影响。根据勘查结果在该地区成功预测了深部地下水的有利赋存位置并得到了钻井验证。     

高频GNSS资料的强震震相识别与震中确定

利用2011日本东北Mw9.0地震和2008汶川Mw7.9地震若干台站的高频（1 Hz）GNSS观测资料,通过精密单点定位方法解算出地震发生时的位移形变波形。对位移波形一阶差分得到震时高频GNSS速度时间序列,采用S变换谱的方法对该速度时序进行地震波到时的拾取,即震相识别。将地震波拾取结果用于震中位置和发震时刻反演,并与美国地质调查局USGS公布的资料对比。结果发现,两者日本地震震中位置相差约16 km,发震时刻相差约0.7 s;汶川地震震中相差约4 km,发震时刻相差约0.4 s。     

两种北斗卫星精密定轨方法的对比

给出了北斗卫星单系统和多系统融合非差精密定轨方法的基本原理和主要区别,并结合实测数据,对比分析了两种方法的定轨精度。结果表明,在一定观测条件下,两种方法定轨精度基本相当,GEO卫星三维定轨精度能达到1 m左右,IGSO和MEO卫星能达到0.2~0.3 m,3类卫星径向轨道精度优于10 cm。     

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一种模态参数识别的虚假模态剔除技术

针对背景噪声下结构的模态参数识别结果存在虚假模态的情况,分析虚假模态产生的原因,通过理论推导提出辨别虚假模态的判断条件,根据判断条件剔除识别模态参数中包含的虚假模态。以比例阻尼海洋平台结构数值模型为例,在模拟噪声水平5%的工况下,获得结构脉冲响应信号,对基于奇异值分解定阶消噪后的信号用复指数法进行模态参数识别,对识别的模态频率和阻尼比进行虚假模态剔除。结果表明:根据判断条件可有效剔除所识别参数中的虚假模态。     

叠前同步反演技术在渤海海域QHD29-2区块油气预测中的应用

针对渤海海域QHD29-2区块主要含油气层段埋深大、地震资料纵向分辨率低,采用叠前AVO同步反演技术对该区块进行储层预测.通过精细的岩石物理分析,选取反映目的层段岩性和流体敏感的弹性参数进行交会分析.结果表明:泊松阻抗(PI)属性为目标区岩性敏感弹性参数;拉梅常数为最敏感流体弹性参数,能够有效判别储层的流体性质.在此基础上进行叠前AVO同步反演,预测QHD29-2区块东营组三段流体的展布范围,预测结果与评价井D井实钻情况吻合,证实该反演方法具有实用性和有效性.