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821.
Geochemical Trace of Silicon Isotopes of Intrusions and Ore Veins Related to Alkali-rich Porphyry Deposits in Western Yunnan, China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
LIU Xianfan YANG Zhengxi LIU Jiaduo WU Dechao ZHANG Chenjiang LI Youguo Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu Sichuan 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(2):459-462
Western Yunnan is the well-known polymetallic province in China. It is characterized by copper-gold mineralization related to Cenozoic alkali-rich porphyry. This paper analyzes the silicon isotope data obtained from four typical alkali-rich porphyry deposits based on the dynamic fractionation principle of silicon isotope. The study shows that the ore materials should originate mainly from alkali-rich magmas, together with silicon-rich mineralizing fluids. The process of mineralization was completed by auto-metasomatism, i.e. silicon-rich mineralizing fluids (including alkali-rich porphyry and wall-rock strata) replaced and altered the country rocks and contaminated with crustal rocks during the crystallization of alkali-rich magmas. Such a process is essentially the continuance of the metasomatism of mantle fluids in crust's mineralization. This provides important evidence of silicon isotopic geochemistry for better understanding the mineralization of the Cenozoic alkali-rich porphyry polymetallic deposi 相似文献
822.
中国二氧化碳排放源现状分析 总被引:23,自引:1,他引:22
通过对20世纪90年代中国几个主要温室气体研究项目中关于二氧化碳(CO2)排放源研究结果的综合分析,结合最新资料,对1990年的中国CO2排放源进行了收集和完善,对1994年中国CO2排放源重新做了计算.其中,工业生产过程的CO2排放,在以前的研究中仅仅计算了水泥一项,本研究中我们增加了石灰、钢铁、电解铝三项,力求使结果更接近实际情况.结果表明,1990年和1994年中国CO2矿物燃料燃烧和工业过程总排放分别为2218.9×106t(合605.1×106t碳)和2787.8×106t(合760.3×106t碳),分别占当年全球CO2总排放的10.2%和12.7%.能源和工业生产活动的CO2排放均有不同程度的增长.矿物燃料燃烧是中国CO2的最大排放源,占总排放的90%以上.对CO2排放源的不确定性分析表明,中国CO2排放存在大于10%的减排潜力. 相似文献
823.
The aim of this study was to assess whether acoustic emission (AE) could carry information on preferential sorption/desorption
of CH4 or CO2 in coal. AE and expansion/contraction of two nearly identical cylindrical coal samples were continuously monitored during
displacement sorption experiments. One sample was subjected to presorption of CH4, followed by sorption of CH4/CO2 mixture. With the other one, presorption of CO2 preceded sorption of the mixture.
The results obtained are the following: first, AE and stain kinetics show that the affinity of the coal tested is higher for
CO2 than for CH4; second, methane is preferentially desorbed after presorption of CH4 — sorption of mixture of CH4 and CO2; third, during displacement sorption, kinetics of AE and sample swelling/shrinkage bring out the importance of presorption
and the sorbate used. It matters whether the coal is first exposed to CH4 or to CO2. The present study has demonstrated that injection of CO2 into the coal previously exposed to CH4 causes considerable swelling of the coal. On desorption after CH4/CO2 exchange sorption, initial shrinkage is followed by swelling of the coal.
These results could have implications for the sequestration of CO2 in coal seams and CH4 recovery from coalbeds (ECBM). Swelling/shrinkage of the coal matrix should be included in models used to predict coal permeability
and gas flow rates. They also show that the AE technique can give more insights into coal matrix-gas interactions. 相似文献
824.
苏南地区温室气体CO2地质处置的探讨 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
化石能源是现代工业飞速发展的重要保障。但从工业革命以来,无节制的能源消耗导致越来越多的温室气体被排入大气,带来了一系列的环境问题,全球气候变暖就是其中最严重的问题。业已觉悟的国际社会,已经认识到问题的严重性,并开始行动起来,其中二氧化碳(CO2)的回收及安全处置就是一项减缓大气变暖的重大工程。针对全球温室气体减排的压力,详细分析了CO2的地质处置机制与措施,并探讨了工业发达的苏南地区进行CO2地质处置的方式,认为存在苏北油田注CO2增产、句容盆地深层盐水层或贫油气储层的CO2地质处置和薄煤层CO2吸附处置等3种方式,提出句容盆地将是未来苏南地区进行CO2地质处置的重要场所,同时认为进行CO2地质处置存在巨大的商机。 相似文献
825.
通过讨论已有的60年来大气中CO2浓度数据的分布状态,采用趋势分析方法,给出了具体趋势方程形式.与冰芯分析或观测数据对比结果表明,趋势方程曲线与已有数据基本符合,随后初步给出了2010年至2016年间大气中CO2浓度预测值. 相似文献
826.
The vertical stratification of carbon dioxide (CO2) injected into a deep layered aquifer made up of high-permeability and low-permeability layers, such as Utsira aquifer at Sleipner site in Norway, is investigated with a Buckley–Leverett equation including gravity effects. In a first step, we study both by theory and simulation the application of this equation to the vertical migration of a light phase (CO2), in a denser phase (water), in 1D vertical columns filled with different types of porous media: homogeneous, piecewise homogeneous, layered periodic and finally heterogeneous. For each case, we solve the associated Riemann problems and propose semi-analytical solutions describing the spatial and temporal evolution of the light phase saturation. These solutions agree well with simulation results. We show that the flux continuity condition at interfaces between high-permeability and low-permeability layers leads to CO2 saturation discontinuities at these interfaces and, in particular, to a saturation increase beneath low-permeability layers. In a second step, we analyze the vertical migration of a CO2 plume injected into a 2D layered aquifer. We show that the CO2 vertical stratification under each low-permeability layer is induced, as in 1D columns, by the flux continuity condition at interfaces. As the injection takes place at the bottom of the aquifer the velocity and the flux function decrease with elevation and this phenomenon is proposed to explain the stratification under each mudstone layer as observed at Sleipner site. 相似文献
827.
828.
The Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat, erupting since 18 July 1995, intensified its degassing in early 1996 with the continuing
growth of the lava dome inside the summit crater. During this period of increased activity, between 11 and 18 March 1996,
we measured gases and particles within the visible plume to determine whether at that time it posed a health risk to the population
of Plymouth, the capital town, which is 5 km southwest (downwind) and was then still occupied. Gravimetric measurements were
made of total suspended particles (TSP) and particles having an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 μm (PM10). Measurements were made of sulphur dioxide (SO2), hydrochloric acid (HCl), hydrofluoric acid (HF), nitric acid (HNO3), acetic acid (CH3COOH), formic acid (HCOOH), and particulate sulphate (SO4
2–), chloride (Cl–), nitrate (NO3
–), fluoride (F–), methanesulphonate (CH3SO3
–), acetate (CH3COO–), formate (HCOO–), ammonium (NH4
+), sodium (Na+) and acidity (H+). Trace metals having human health implications [chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic
(As), selenium (Se), cadmium (Cd), tin (Sn), mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb)] were also determined. Mean concentrations of HCl,
SO2 and HF obtained in the town of Plymouth were 14.0, 5.9 and 0.8 ppbv, respectively. Corresponding concentrations in the mixed
plume on the crater edge were 533, 168 and 22 ppbv. There were no direct emissions of HNO3, although nitrate was detected in coarse particles at the source. Higher concentrations of CH3COOH and HCOOH were measured close to the crater. Mean TSP and PM10 were 64 and 15 μg m–3 in Plymouth, and 455 and 47 μg m–3 on the upper volcano slope. Aerosols were highly acidic at the source but rapidly neutralised during transport. Trace metals
were enriched in the aerosol relative to crater surface material. The concentrations of the acid gases, sulphur dioxide in
particular, and particles were found to be too small to pose a health hazard at the time of these measurements, when relatively
modest volcanic activity was occurring.
Received: 9 September 1998 / Accepted: 29 August 1999 相似文献
829.
830.