新型珊瑚海水混凝土力学性能试验研究

为了解决全珊瑚海水混凝土(coral aggregate seawater concrete,简称CASC)的脆性问题,采用碱式硫酸镁水泥(basic magnesium sulfate cement,简称BMSC)为胶凝材料和剑麻纤维为增韧材料制备了一种新型全珊瑚海水混凝土(NCASC),系统测定了基本力学性能,并与普通硅酸盐水泥制备的CASC、碱式硫酸镁水泥砂石混凝土(basic magnesium sulfate cement concrete,简称BMSCC)、普通砂石混凝土(ordinary portland cement concrete,简称OPC)以及普通轻骨料混凝土(lightweight aggregate concrete,简称LAC)的力学性能进行对比。结果表明:立方体抗压强度(f_(cu),m)在15~35 MPa范围内的NCASC的轴心抗压强度(f_c,m)、劈裂抗拉强度(f_(sp),m)与f_(cu),m之间具有较显著的线性关系;对于f_(cu),m为15~35 MPa的混凝土,相同强度NCASC的f_c,m高于OPC、LAC及BMSCC,其f_c,m与f_(cu),m比值最大,大致在0.85~0.96之间,NCASC的f_(sp),m比OPC和LAC高,但比BMSCC低,且随着强度的提高,OPC与NCASC的f_(sp),m间的差距在增大,而LAC和BMSCC与NCASC的f_(sp),m间的差距在缩小;在强度等级C15~C55的范围中,NCASC和CASC的f_(sp),m、f_c,m与f_(cu),m之间的关系基本可以采用相同的线性回归方程来描述,利用这两个回归线性方程得到对应于标准强度等级的CASC和NCASC的f_(sp),m和f_c,m数据,为CASC力学性能研究与结构设计提供参考依据。     

裂隙各向异性介质波场VSP多分量记录的数值模拟

从各向异性介质中最为普遍的裂隙各向异性介质出发，推导了同零井源距ＶＳＰ三分量观测方式相一致的一维三分量波动方程．为了更符合实际观测，引入了坐标旋转，可以模拟井中任意方位的多层各向异性介质的波场响应．用有限元方法进行了波场数值模拟，重点突出了获得凡Ｒ_３×３矩阵剖面的方法，同时对Ｒ_３×３，矩阵剖面进行了一般性的分析解释，事实证明，Ｒ_３×３矩阵剖面含有介质丰富的各向异性信息．     

挖孔桩在长春市应用及承载力评定

挖孔桩承载力的评价是国内、吉林省内重大课题，直接关系到它应用前景。本文试图结合国内现行诸规范，结合长春市实例，提出建议性意见，供广大设计者参考。     

岷江上游土地资源适宜性评价研究

岷江上游地区的可持续发展直接影响着四川省社会经济的发展，以岷江上游土地资源适宜性评价为研究对象，利用地理信息系统（GIS）技术，建立了该地区的土地资源基础信息库；利用面向对象编程技术，应用模糊集合综合评价法及对各土地适宜性监介指标确定和适宜性等级的划分进行了岷江上游土地资源适宜性评价，并提出了土地利用规划及今后改造利用的方向。     

叠前正演模拟与偏移的网络并行计算

在叠前深度偏移和非零炮检距声波方程正演计算过程中包含了大量的可并行计算的成分。作者在本文中提出叠前正演模拟与偏移的网络并行计算算法，并基于TCP／IP协议，将该算法设计成网络并行处理程序，极大地提高了计算效率。实际运算结果证明，本文提出的并行算法和技术路线是切实可行的。     

建筑物立面激光点云的定位

车载式近景目标3维测量系统,采用激光扫描仪获取建筑物立面点云。激光点云仅具有扫描仪坐标系下的坐标,不便于其他数据融合进行3维建模。文中根据系统的特点和要求,通过建立相应的坐标系,利用已有或优化的坐标转换模型确定坐标系之间的坐标转换关系。依据基准点与载体平台GPS接收机之间同步观测数据将激光点云在扫描仪坐标系下的坐标经过多次坐标转换,得到基准点所在当地坐标系下的坐标。使系统实现了满足精度要求的建筑物立面激光点云的定位工作。     

三维地震勘探激发参数选择与分析

文中介绍了山区进行三维地震勘探的重要性及其方法原理。以山西晋城煤业集团某勘探区为实例进行实地勘探和试验,并对试验结果进行了详细的分析,进一步验证了该方法的可行性。     

土石混合料剪切面分形特征试验研究

土石混合料因具有良好的工程特性而被广泛应用于道路、堤坝等工程，填筑体受力后往往沿薄弱面发生剪切破￡混合料的抗剪强度成为稳定和变形分析的重要力学指标。由于土石混合料物质组成的复杂性、结构分布的不规律性及采柠困难性，且受检测仪器的限制，确定其强度指标较为困难。应用改进的直剪试验仪进行了不同类别、不同最大粒径土石福料的室内大型直剪试验，在获得强度指标同时，再现剪切面的实际情况，量测剪切面的起伏特征。根据分形几何学原理，切面具有良好的分形特征，应用三角形棱柱表面积覆盖法编程计算了剪切面的分形维数。初步建立了剪切面分形维数与福料杭萌强度之间的关系，用来快速预测土石混合料的强度指标。     

Discrimination of small earthquakes and artificial explosions in the Korean Peninsula using Pg/Lg ratios

The purpose of this study is to develop a technique to discriminate artificial explosions from local small earthquakes ( M ≤ 4.0) in the time–frequency domain. In order to obtain spectral features of artificial explosions and earthquakes, 3-D spectrograms (frequency, time and amplitude) have been used. They represent a useful tool for studying the frequency content of entire seismic waveforms observed at local and regional distances (Kim, Simpson & Richards 1994). P and S(L g ) waves from quarry blasts show that the frequency content associated with the dominant amplitude appears above 10  Hz and Rg phases are observed at close distances. P and S(L g ) waves from the Tongosan earthquake have strong amplitudes below 10  Hz. For the Munkyong earthquake, however, a broader frequency content up to 20  Hz is found.
  For discrimination between small earthquakes and explosions, Pg/L g spectral ratios are used below 10  Hz, and through spectrogram analysis we can see different frequency contents of explosions and earthquakes. Unfortunately, because explosion data recorded at KSRS array are digitized at 20  sps, we cannot avoid analysing below 10  Hz because of the Nyquist frequency. In order to select time windows, the group velocity was computed using multiple-filter analysis (MFA), and free-surface effects have been removed from all three-component data in order to improve data quality. Using FFT, a log-average spectral amplitude is calculated over seven frequency bands: 0.5 to 3, 2 to 4, 3 to 5, 4 to 6, 5 to 7, 6 to 8 and 8 to 10  Hz. The best separation between explosions and earthquakes is observed from 6 to 8  Hz. In this frequency band we can separate explosions with log ( Pg/L g ) above −0.5, except EXP1 recorded at SIHY1-1, and earthquakes below −0.5, except the Munkyong earthquake record at station KMH.     

Meso‐scale particle modeling of concrete deterioration caused by alkali‐aggregate reaction

A meso‐scale particle model is presented to simulate the expansion of concrete subjected to alkali‐aggregate reaction (AAR) and to analyze the AAR‐induced degradation of the mechanical properties. It is the first attempt to evaluate the deterioration mechanism due to AAR using the discrete‐element method. A three‐phase meso‐scale model for concrete composed of aggregates, mortar and the interface is established with the combination of a pre‐processing approach and the particle flow code, PFC2D. A homogeneous aggregate expansion approach is applied to model the AAR expansion. Uniaxial compression tests are conducted for the AAR‐affected concrete to examine the effects on the mechanical properties. Two specimens with different aggregate sizes are analyzed to consider the effects of aggregate size on AAR. The results show that the meso‐scale particle model is valid to predict the expansion and the internal micro‐cracking patterns caused by AAR. The two different specimens exhibit similar behavior. The Young's modulus and compressive strength are significantly reduced with the increase of AAR expansion. The shape of the stress–strain curves obtained from the compression tests clearly reflects the influence of internal micro‐cracks: an increased nonlinearity before the peak loading and a more gradual softening for more severely affected specimens. Similar macroscopic failure patterns of the specimens under compression are observed in terms of diagonal macroscopic cracks splitting the specimen into several triangular pieces, whereas localized micro‐cracks forming in slightly affected specimens are different from branching and diffusing cracks in severely affected ones, demonstrating different failure mechanisms. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.