Petrogenesis of the Mesozoic intrusive rocks in the Tongling area,Anhui Province,China and their constraint on geodynamic process

TheTonglingarea,whichiscalledtheChineseCopperCapital,isoneofthemostimportantnon-ferrousmetalproducersinChina(e.g.Cu,AuandAg,especiallyCu).ManyresearchershavenotedthatthemetaldepositsarecloselyrelatedtotheMesozoicintrusiverocksinthisarea.Therefore,theTongl…     

铜陵矿集区燕山期中酸性侵入岩地球化学特征及其地质意义

铜陵矿集区燕山期中酸性侵入岩由橄榄玄粗质系列和高钾钙碱性系列岩石组成,两者的岩石化学和地球化学特征存在差异,相互间不存在岩浆分异演化关系.稀土和微量元素以及O、Pb、Sr、Nd同位素研究表明,高钾钙碱性系列侵入岩的原始岩浆以下地壳深变质岩部分熔融岩浆为主,在有幔源玄武质岩浆注入的情况下先于橄榄玄粗质系列岩浆侵位形成;起源于富集地幔的碱性玄武岩与有限的地壳物质发生同化混染并通过结晶分异作用(AFC)形成了橄榄玄粗质系列侵入岩.下地壳或岩石圈地幔拆沉继而环流热幔上涌是本区侵入岩形成的直接起因;同时,侵入岩浆的强烈活动也是本区构造环境由挤压向伸展转换的标志.     

新疆北部晚古生代的底侵作用——来自橄榄玄粗岩与埃达克岩的证据

新疆北部广泛分布晚古生代橄榄玄粗岩系火山岩和埃达克岩,它们均明显富碱,与区内同时代碱性花岗岩共同构成新疆北部富碱火成岩省。橄榄玄粗岩系火山岩和埃达克岩同位素年龄为250-280Ma,143Nd/144Nd比值高,εNd(t)值为正值,Nd模式年龄低(tDM<1.0Ga),较低而变化范围较大的(87Sr/86Sr)i(0.7040-0.710),这些特点均表明它们的源区物质为底侵幔源玄武质岩浆,并可能受到下地壳混染。结合区内地球物理资料,如加厚的地壳、复杂的莫霍面结构、高热流值及广泛分布的基性岩墙群和碱性花岗岩,均一致表明在晚古生代(晚石炭-二叠纪)新疆北部发生过较广泛的幔源玄武质岩浆底侵作用,陆壳发生了明显垂向增生。     

江西广丰、玉山盆地橄榄玄粗岩的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年和Sr-Nd-Pb-O元素同位素特征

华夏古板块与扬子古板块结合带内的广丰、玉山红色碎屑沉积盆地均有橄榄玄粗岩产出,SHRIMP锆石UPb年代学研究表明,橄榄玄粗岩锆石U-Pb年龄为93±1 Ma,属晚白垩世早期的产物。广丰盆地橄榄玄粗岩(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i值为0.706 191~0.706 352,εNd(t)值为0.27~0.55,(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i值为18.045~18.080,(~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i值为15.503~15.543,(~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i值为38.240~38.256;玉山盆地橄榄玄粗岩(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i值为0.705 856~0.706 024,εNd(t)值为1.74~1.93,(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i值为17.956~18.063,(~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i值为15.456~15.498,(~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i值为38.195~38.232。在(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i-(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i、(~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd)_i-(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i和(~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd)_i-(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)i图解中,广丰、玉山盆地橄榄玄粗岩均位于亏损地幔(DMM)和EMⅡ型富集地幔之间,而且(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i和(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i呈正相关,(~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd)_i和(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)_i呈负相关,指示其源区中可能均有DMM和EMⅡ型地幔的贡献;玉山盆地橄榄玄粗岩更偏向DMM端员,指示其DMM端员所占的比例更高。广丰、玉山盆地橄榄玄粗岩具有EMⅡ型地幔的贡献,说明华夏古板块与扬子古板块结合带的岩石圈地幔与华夏古板块的岩石圈地幔属相同类型,为华夏古板块俯冲于扬子古板块之下提供了新的证据。     

Carboniferous porphyry Cu–Au deposits in the Almalyk orefield,Uzbekistan: the Sarycheku and Kalmakyr examples

The Almalyk porphyry cluster in the western part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt is the second largest porphyry region in Asia and hence has attracted considerable attention of the geologists. In this contribution, we report the zircon U–Pb ages, major and trace element geochemistry as well as Sr–Nd isotopic data for the ore-related porphyries of the Sarycheku and Kalmakyr deposits. The zircon U–Pb ages (Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)) of ore-bearing quartz monzonite and granodiorite porphyries from the Kalmakyr deposit are 326.1 ± 3.4 and 315.2 ± 2.8 Ma, and those for the ore-bearing granodiorite porphyries and monzonite dike from the Sarycheku deposit are 337.8 ± 3.1 and 313.2 ± 2.5 Ma, respectively. Together with the previous ages, they confine multi-phase intrusions from 337 to 306 Ma for the Almalyk ore cluster. Geochemically, all samples belong to shoshonitic series and are enriched in large-ion lithophile elements relative to high field strength elements with very low Nb/U weight ratios (0.83–2.56). They show initial (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i ratios of 0.7059–0.7068 for Kalmakyr and 0.7067–0.7072 for Sarycheku and low ε_Nd(t) values of ?1.0 to ?0.1 for Kalmakyr and ?2.3 to 0.2 for Sarycheku, suggesting that the magmas were dominantly derived from a metasomatized mantle wedge modified by slab-derived fluids with the contribution of the continental crust by assimilation-fractional-crystallization process. Compared to the typical porphyry Cu deposits, the ore-bearing porphyries in the Almalyk cluster are shoshonitic instead of the calc-alkaline. Moreover, although the magmatic events were genetically related to a continental arc environment, the ore-bearing porphyries at Sarycheku and Kalmakyr do not show geochemical signatures of typical adakites as reflected in some giant porphyry deposits in the Circum-Pacific Ocean, indicating that slab-melting may not have been involved in their petrogenesis.     

Geochronological and geochemical constraints on formation of the Tongling metal deposits,middle Yangtze metallogenic belt,east‐central China

The Tongling district is one of the most important non‐ferrous metal producers in China. The origin of Cu–Au deposits in the region is closely related to Late Mesozoic intermediate intrusions, which are mainly high‐K calc‐alkaline and shoshonitic series. Geochemical characteristics indicate that these granitic rocks are mixtures of more than two compositional end‐members, i.e. mantle‐derived melts and crust components incorporated through assimilation. Three important magmatic intrusions related to the Cu–Au deposits in the Tongling region – the Jiguanshi quartz monzodiorite, the Xishizishan quartz diorite and the Miaojia diorite porphyry – were selected for this study. Zircon U–Pb dating by LA ICP‐MS yielded two groups of ages (～130–132 and 138–140 Ma) for these intrusions. Pyrite Re–Os age for the Xinqiao Cu–Fe–S deposit in the Tongling region is 126±11 Ma. Trace elements of zircon grains show that the earlier Cu–Au mineralization event was associated with adakitic rocks characterized by high positive Ce anomalies, produced at an elevated oxygen fugacity range. In contrast, later iron‐sulphur mineralization was closely related to low positive Ce anomalies, reflecting low oxygen fugacities. Considering that Pacific lithospheric subduction was the dominant factor that controlled major tectonic evolution in eastern China during the Early Cretaceous, the geochemical characteristics of these coeval ore‐forming intermediate intrusive rocks in the Tongling district were likely the result of Pacific plate underflow.     

桂东南古罗和王姜冲钾玄质辉长岩的成因:地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素特征制约

古罗和王姜冲岩体产于扬子地块与华夏地块拼合带的西南段,对剖析华南区域构造演化过程具有重要的地质意义。古罗和王姜冲岩体主要由辉长岩及少量的闪长岩组成。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学分析表明,古罗和王姜冲辉长岩的侵位结晶时限分别为(163±1) Ma和(158±1) Ma,属于燕山期岩浆活动的产物。岩石无Nb、Ta负异常,具有板内钾玄岩系列特征,锆石的ε_Hf(t)值主要集中在0.7～8.3之间,其二阶段Hf模式年龄(T_DM2)为672～1 168 Ma,暗示其源区主要为新元古代—中元古代岩石圈地幔。综合地球化学、锆石Hf同位素组成特征及区域地质资料,认为古罗和王姜冲岩体是在板内伸展-减薄环境主要由亏损的软流圈地幔和富集的岩石圈地幔岩浆混合形成,且在上升过程中受到壳源组分混染。     

浙北湖(州)-安(吉)火山岩盆地：锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学与岩浆成因

处于浙-赣火山岩带东北缘的湖(州)-安(吉)盆地内的火山岩/潜火山岩从中性到酸性,中间没有明显的成分间断,以中酸性—酸性组分占绝对优势,中性组分相对较少,缺少基性组分,代表一套连续的中性—酸性岩浆系列。岩石化学总体表现为富碱和高钾的特征,中性岩属橄榄玄粗岩系列,中酸性—酸性岩类属高钾钙碱性系列。盆地内的火山岩在地球化学上均表现为富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,而高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti等则有一定程度的亏损。火山岩中主量和微量元素的变异规律揭示分离结晶作用是盆地内岩浆演化的主要机理,但岩浆演化的不同阶段分离的矿物相有所差异,斜长石自始至终都是分离结晶的重要矿物相,在中性—中酸性岩浆演化阶段,角闪石可能也是重要的分离矿物,而中酸性—酸性岩中钾长石和黑云母的分离结晶也起着重要影响。本文所作的精确定年结果表明,盆地内三期火山活动产物的LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年龄在误差范围内几乎一致,介于128~130 Ma之间,指示盆地内主要火山活动持续的时间很短。另外测得粗安岩集块的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为136±1 Ma,可能意味着该盆地初期有少量偏基性的火山活动。推测湖安火山岩盆地发育于活动大陆边缘的后造山环境,岩浆的形成可能受控于岩石圈的拆沉或俯冲板片的断落,母岩浆主要是由镁铁质下地壳物质部分熔融形成的,几乎没有地幔物质的参与,所形成的安山质-英安质岩浆在浅部岩浆房中发生过强烈的分异演化。     

滇西洱海北部北衙地区富碱斑岩的地球化学、锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年及成因

用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年法获得滇西北衙地区炭窑石英正长斑岩的年龄TY-1为31.5 Ma±1.1Ma,TY-3为31.34 Ma±0.73Ma,证明该斑岩形成于新生代。北衙富碱斑岩具有富碱、高钾的特点,总体属于钾玄岩系列的岩石。岩石富轻稀土和Rb、Ba等大离子亲石元素而亏损Nd、Ta等高场强元素。岩石的∑LREE/∑HREE比值和(La/Yb)N比值高,Eu异常不明显。综合北衙地区富碱侵入岩的常量、微量、稀土元素和同位素地球化学特征发现,富碱斑岩具有许多与埃达克岩（adakite）相似的岩石地球化学特征,但又与Defant等定义的典型埃达克岩有明显的差别,而与中国可可西里钾质埃达克岩更为接近。通过对北衙地区富碱斑岩的Sr、Nd、Pb同位素的系统研究发现,富碱斑岩的源区具有EMⅡ富集地幔的地球化学特征。     

Petrology,geochemistry, and tectonic significance of Mesozoic shoshonitic volcanic rocks,Luzong volcanic basin,eastern China

We studied the geochemical characteristics of three types of Mesozoic igneous rocks from the Luzong volcanic basin: basaltic trachyandesite at Shuangmiao, pyroxene monzonite at Bajiatan, and quartz-syenite (A-type granite) at Huangmeijian. Based on analyses of whole-rock major elements, all investigated rocks are enriched in K, Na, Ti, Al, but depleted in Ca, representing a shoshonitic series. Trace element analyses show that these rocks are characterized by enrichments of large-ion lithophile elements and high field strength elements. Positive Nb and Ta anomalies in the chondrite-normalized spider diagram indicate that the shoshonitic volcanic rocks share similar features with Nb-enriched basalts, which are different from normal island-arc volcanical rocks (they are typically strongly depleted in Nb and Ta). Bulk-rock chemical compositions and Sr–Nd isotopes indicate that the three types of igneous rocks are geochemically comagmatic, suggesting that the melts were derived from an enriched mantle reservoir. We postulate an extensional tectonic setting for the formation of Luzong volcanic basin, possibly related to subduction of a palaeo-Pacific plate beneath the east Chinese continent during the Yanshanian period (Cretaceous). Therefore, the petrogenetic features of those volcanic rocks as well as A-type granites in the Luzong basin indicate that the regional large-scale Fe–Cu–Au mineralization was associated with oceanic slab melting, but not delamination or recycling of the ancient lower continental crust, as previously proposed.