一种提高短基线测量精度的方法

提出一种提高短基线相对精度的测定方法。 试验表明，在测角误差影响等同或小于测距误差影响的情况下，该方法能使短基线的相对精度提高4~6倍。     

论点-轴系统理论的科学内涵

从理论渊流看，点－轴系统理论以中心地学说等为理论基础，但两者的内涵和应用目标又是不同的。点（城市等）、线（交通等线状基础设施）、面（农业等腹地资源）构成区域三要素。区域发展理论都围绕着区域三要素而展开，由于侧重点的不同而形成相应的空间结构模型。以点为核心所形成的是以中心地学说为代表的古典区位论，以点、线为核心所形成的是点－轴系统理论；点－轴系统理论与中心地理论一起，构成为有关区域发展的两大基本理论。在中心地学说中，虽然加进了交通因素而构建了K＝4的空间结构模式，但其中的交通因素依然属于外生为量。只有在点－轴系统理论中，点、线才都是内生变量，是构建空间结构模型的不可或缺的两大要素。点与线的有机结合，尤其是对线的特别关注，构成了点－轴系统理论的基本特色。重大的理论创新赋予点－轴系统理论以巨大的应用价值。点－轴系统理论是中国人文地理学界贡献给社会的一个具有较大影响的理论成果。以此为契机，通过空间结构研究的不断深化，应当能够构建起具有中国特色的空间学派来。     

水热成矿流体中的短链羧酸

文中简述了天然水流体中的短链羧酸产出状况。短链羧酸地球化学的研究目前集中于沉积盆地和表生环境。根据C H O体系中某些C H O化合物的化学关系和热力学分析 ,推测深部水热流体中有可能存在短链羧酸。研究高温热液矿床矿物流体包裹体的水溶有机组分可能是检验这一推测的突破口。某些石英脉型热液矿床的矿物流体包裹体压碎浸取和离子色谱分析确定 ,成矿流体中存在少量短链羧酸 ,而且甲酸是优势物种。文章讨论了矿物包裹体浸取实验结果需要进一步探讨的问题 ,认为研究水热成矿流体短链羧酸地球化学具有重要的理论意义。     

七月份低槽型大—暴雨的短时MOS预报方法

为了适应汛期专业气象服务的需要,在以往工作的基础上,进一步制作了七月份低槽型大—暴雨短时(O—12小时)MOS预报方法,经严格的统计假设检验和实际预报使用效果较好。     

Empirical orthogonal function analysis of short time series of sectional data in the tropical western Pacific

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Gravity anomalies and deep structure of the Andaman arc

The Andaman arc is associated with a major Free-air anomaly pair of mean amplitude 180 mgal. Two-dimensional gravity interpretation suggests significant mass anomalies below the arc that presumably have resulted due to subduction of the Indian plate below the Burma plate. It is inferred that the Andaman trench is of asymmetric V-shape containing about 7 km sediments. An outer bathymetric rise seaward of the trench possibly corresponds to a lithospheric flexure by 500 m. The Cretaceous-Tertiary sediments constituting the Andaman sedimentary arc attain their maximum thickness of about 13 km under the Nicobar. Deep at the subduction zone. At this location a mafic mass is emplaced within the sedimentary section. The underlying oceanic crust apparently experiences phase transition at about 27 km depth in a Benioff zone environment. The Andaman volcanic arc underlies a low density zone that is at least 60 km wide. Along the east margin of the Andaman Sea, cuustal transition presumably occurs below the Mergui Terrace at the Malayan coast.     

Peak earthquake response of structures under multi-component excitations

Accurate estimation of the peak seismic responses of structures is important in earthquake resistant design. The internal force distributions and the seismic responses of structures are quite complex, since ground motions are multi- directional. One key issue is the uncertainty of the incident angle between the directions of ground motion and the reference axes of the structure. Different assumed seismic incidences can result in different peak values within the scope of design spectrum analysis for a given structure and earthquake ground motion record combination. Using time history analysis to determine the maximum structural responses excited by a given earthquake record requires repetitive calculations to determine the critical incident angle. This paper presents a transformation approach for relatively accurate and rapid determination of the maximum peak responses of a linear structure subjected to three-dimensional excitations within all possible seismic incident angles. The responses can be deformations, internal forces, strains and so on. An irregular building structure model is established using SAP2000 program. Several typical earthquake records and an artifi cial white noise are applied to the structure model to illustrate the variation of the maximum structural responses for different incident angles. Numerical results show that for many structural parameters, the variation can be greater than 100%. This method can be directly applied to time history analysis of structures using existing computer software to determine the peak responses without carrying out the analyses for all possible incident angles. It can also be used to verify and/or modify aseismic designs by using response spectrum analysis.     

Spatial-temporal changes of Tianjin urban spatial morphology from 1978 to 2004

Taken fractal dimension, compact ratio, urban centroid and urban principal axis as the urban spatial characteristic indices, Tianjin city’s urban area is investigated in the last 26 years in a quantitative perspective, and its traits and changes during different periods are also analyzed. It is clear that these indices can not only scientifically and explicitly assess the urban morphology, urban direction and its changes and trends, but also uncover long-term effects of economy and urban planning on urban morphology.     

探讨气象短信的发展之路

通过对气象短信的定制模式和广告宣传方面的探讨，认识到气象短信服务是目前气象部门传播气象预警信号一个重要的现代通信手段，能使气象灾害预警服务更具时效性；气象短信的发展壮大关系到方方面面。     

四川彭山钙芒硝矿开采引起的生态环境影响与控制研究--多段微差挤压爆破技术的应用

多段微差挤压爆破起爆系统的研究应用，有效控制了同段起爆最大药量，使钙芒硝矿地下开采大爆破引起地面生态环境的影响得到控制。应用时，安全可靠，爆破质量好，操作简便，社会效益和经济效益明显。