合肥地震台历年水准数据整理分析

通过对合肥地震台历年水准数据的整理分析,归纳水准数据在时间上的总体变化形态,总结水准月速率变化与周边区域地震的关系,阐述断层形变趋势累计率在台站水准资料分析中的应用,为研究地震活动性提供一定参考。     

地面超载引起邻近埋地管道的位移分析

地基土承受超载作用时就会产生沉降,在土体沉降作用下埋置于其中的管道,管壁就会产生变形甚至破裂。为分析地面超载对临近地下管线的影响,基于温克勒（Winkler）弹性地基短梁理论,应用Boussinesq解,考虑地面超载引起下卧层的沉降及地基土体的侧向移动对管道的影响,建立地面超载对埋地管道影响的分析计算模型,并采用有限差分法进行求解;通过算例分析了超载大小、位置,管道刚度、埋深、管径以及土体性质对埋地管道位移的影响;结果表明：超载大小、管道的刚度、埋深、管径对地下管道位移的影响较大,而当地基基床系数和超载离管道的距离增大到一定值时,地面超载对其影响将减弱。因此,需要考虑邻近超载对管道的影响,合理制定埋地管道的保护措施。     

新疆中强地震序列特征参数与主震震级的统计关系

系统分析了1970~2007年间新疆境内70个5级以上地震序列的余震持续时间和余震区长轴与主震震级的统计关系,以及主震破裂方式对余震时空特征参数的影响。研究结果表明,新疆及分区地震带余震持续时间和余震区长轴分别与主震震级弱相关,主震震级较低时两者关系离散,震级较高时则呈线性增强。不同的地震带这种线性关系存在差异,对于相同的主震震级,天山地震带余震持续时间一般大于西昆仑地震带,而余震区长轴前者小于后者。新疆地区主震破裂方式对余震的持续时间影响不大,但对余震区长轴影响较大,走滑型主震余震区长轴一般大于逆断型地震。     

L形截面短肢剪力墙抗震性能的模型试验研究

为了研究L形截面短肢剪力墙的抗震性能,对6个1/2缩尺比例的L形截面短肢剪力墙试件进行了低周反复荷载作用下的试验研究,分析了轴压比、截面高厚比、剪跨比等参数变化时,对试件的承载力、延性、滞回特性、耗能能力及破坏特性等抗震性能的影响。结果表明:L形截面短肢剪力墙试件扭转变形较小,试件以弯剪破坏为主,腹板底部为试件最薄弱部位,剪跨比小,轴压比大的试件腹板中心剪切破坏现象明显;试件随着截面高厚比、轴压比的提高,极限承载力增加,试件耗能能力变差、延性下降明显;L形截面短肢剪力墙试件在截面高厚比适中,为6.5∶1时,经济、抗震性能也较好。     

Characteristics of horizontal ground motion measures along principal directions

<正>Ground motion records are often used to develop ground motion prediction equations(GMPEs) for a randomly oriented horizontal component,and to assess the principal directions of ground motions based on the Arias intensity tensor or the orientation of the major response axis.The former is needed for seismic hazard assessment,whereas the latter can be important for assessing structural responses under multi-directional excitations.However,a comprehensive investigation of the pseudo-spectral acceleration(PSA) and of GMPEs conditioned on different axes is currently lacking.This study investigates the principal directions of strong ground motions and their relation to the orientation of the major response axis, statistics of the PSA along the principal directions on the horizontal plane,and correlation of the PSA along the principal directions on the horizontal plane.For these,three sets of strong ground motion records,including intraplate California earthquakes,inslab Mexican earthquakes,and interface Mexican earthquakes,are used.The results indicate that one of the principal directions could be considered as quasi-vertical.By focusing on seismic excitations on the horizontal plane,the statistics of the angles between the major response axis and the major principal axis are obtained;GMPEs along the principal axes are provided and compared with those obtained for a randomly oriented horizontal component;and statistical analysis of residuals associated with GMPEs along the principal directions is carried out.     

主应力轴循环旋转下高密实粉土稳定性影响研究

为研究主应力轴循环旋转对粉土性状影响,对长江入海口高密实饱和粉土进行了主应力轴180°转幅的循环旋转试验。试验发现,等向固结的高密实粉土在恒定动剪应力比的主应力轴循环旋转下能发生孔压达到初始围压水平的液化破坏,但液化前孔压开展会因动应力水平的不同而呈现以渐变相态点和激变相态点区分的3阶段变化形式,或仅以激变相态点区分的两阶段变化形式。试样应变开展则始终呈现由崩塌点区分的两阶段变化形式,且孔压激变相态点与应变崩塌点同步反映了土体结构崩塌状态,崩塌状态时主应变差双向幅值限制在0.2%～0.4%这一较小范围内。试样进行主应力轴旋转达到崩塌时的应力状态与频率无显著关系,可由 - 空间中一条准不稳定状态线归一化。而以崩塌状态为终点进行归一化的主应力轴循环旋转下孔压振次曲线,可用修正的Seed公式进行较好拟合     

丹麦海峡海洋锋时空变化特征研究

丹麦海峡海洋锋可为局地气候变化、海峡鱼类分布以及海峡中尺度涡等方面研究提供参考,在军事领域也具有较高应用价值。然而目前国内外缺乏对于丹麦海峡锋的系统研究。本文利用WOA13数据,对丹麦海峡锋位置、强度空间分布以及相应的季节变化进行了分析。结果显示,锋轴线位置在34°W以西150 m以浅相对稳定,34°W以东锋轴线随深度和季节均有摆动。锋强度在水平和垂直方向分布不均匀,水平方向上锋轴线最大值与最小值差值一般在3倍以上。垂直方向盐度锋主要集中在100 m以浅,且强度随深度不断减小;温度锋强度最大值在表层以下且在300 m以深随深度增加锋强度减小,但有一些区域如27°W和28°W附近,受到海底地形的影响温度锋强度随着深度的变化有大幅度增加的特点。     

一种提高大高差短基线精度的方法

提出采用半参数模型解算大高差短基线,削弱残余对流层误差的影响。算例表明,与常规最小二乘法相比,采用半参数模型处理基线能很好地分离GPS残余对流层误差,提高基线解算精度。     

Beyond the epsilon band: polygonal modeling of gradation/uncertainty in area-class maps

A spatial modeling technique is proposed to represent boundary uncertainty or gradation on area-class maps using a simple polygon tessellation with designated zones of indeterminacy or transition zones. The transition zone can be conceptualized as a dual of the epsilon band, but is more flexible and allows for a wide range of polygonal configurations, including polygons with sinuous boundaries, spurs, three-way transition zones, and null polygons. The model is specified using the medial axis to capture the general shape characteristics of a transition zone. Graph theoretic representation of an extended version of the medial axis captures key junctions in both shape and classification and is used to identify well-formed transition zones that can be logically and unambiguously handled by the model. A multivariate classification surface is specified by first defining degrees or probabilities of membership at every point on the medial axis and transition zone boundary. Degrees or probabilities of membership at all other points are defined by linear interpolation. The technique is illustrated with an example of a complex transition zone, and a simple isoline representation that can be derived from the model is presented. The proposed modeling technique promises to facilitate expert characterization of soil formations, ecological systems, and other types of areal units where gradation and/or boundary uncertainty are prevalent.     

北斗卫星通信在强震动台网数据传输中的应用

北斗卫星系统是中国正在实施的自主研发、独立运行的卫星定位与通信系统.因其具有短报文通信功能,进行相应的软硬件开发,可以用于传输包括烈度在内的强震动台网观测数据.通过北斗卫星传输烈度速报的性能测试和在芦山7.0级大地震中的实际应用效果,对北斗卫星系统目前在强震动台网数据传输中的应用方式和效能进行介绍.