冻融作用对饱和粉质黏土抗剪性能的影响

为研究季节冻土地区冻融作用对道路边坡土体抗剪性能的影响规律,在不同冻结和融化温度、不同冻融循环次数、开放和封闭体系条件下对冻融饱和原状粉黏土试样进行了不固结、不排水剪切试验。试验结果表明:饱和原状粉质黏土冻融后,黏聚力降低,内摩擦角增大,冻结温度越低,冻融作用对黏聚力和内摩擦角的影响越小,随着冻融循环次数的增加,5～7次冻结循环后二者的变化逐渐趋于稳定。水分补给会强化冻融作用对试验土抗剪性能的影响;融化温度对试验土的抗剪性能影响很小。     

不同的层状岩体抗剪强度表达式计算效果的有限元分析

为考察不同的各向异性抗剪强度表达式对于数值计算结果的影响,以一个假定的位于层状岩体中的矩形地下洞室为背景,分别使用笔者和Pietruszczak各自提出的材料摩擦系数和黏聚力随方向变化的公式,进行3种工况的弹塑性二维有限元模拟,对比了围岩中的应力、位移及塑性区。结果显示,笔者提出的经验表达式与和相应的Pietruszczak一阶表达式在计算中的精度基本相当,而与Pietruszczak的二阶表达式相比有较明显的差别。     

配筋混凝土空心小砌块墙抗震性能试验研究

通过对配筋混凝土空心砌块墙体在水平低周反复荷载作用下的试验研究,探讨了配筋混凝土空心砌块墙体的破坏形态、裂缝分布、极限承载力、位移延性与钢筋效应等工作性能,为以配筋砌块为承重材料的房屋城地震区的应用提供科学的依据。     

Shearing of a narrow granular layer with polar quantities

The paper deals with numerical investigations of the behaviour of granular bodies during shearing. Shearing of a narrow layer of sand between two very rough boundaries under constant vertical pressure is numerically modelled with a finite element method using a hypoplastic constitutive relation within a polar (Cosserat) continuum. The constitutive relation was obtained through an extension of a non‐polar one by polar quantities, viz. rotations, curvatures, couple stresses using the mean grain diameter as a characteristic length. This relation can reproduce the essential features of granular bodies during shear localization. The material constants can be easily determined from element test results and can be estimated from granulometric properties. The attention is laid on the influence of the initial void ratio, pressure level, mean grain diameter and grain roughness on the thickness of shear zones. The results of shearing are also compared to solutions without the polar extensions. The FE‐calculations demonstrate that polar effects manifested by the appearance of grain rotations and couple stresses are significant in the shear zone, and its thickness is sensitive to the initial void ratio, mean grain diameter and layer height. The effect of the pressure level is rather low within the considered range. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

云开变质地体的地质特征

位于两广交界处的云开大山地区是一个由前寒武纪变质表壳岩与寒武纪变形变质花岗岩组成的变质地体。该地体形成于晚前寒武纪 ,它在古生代向北运移并同时发生左旋旋转 ,从而奠定了该区的构造格局。在中二叠世末的东吴运动期间 ,该地体最终与钦州沉积地体拼合。由于应力弛张作用 ,使两地体间的构造分界线 (灵山构造带 )后期表现为左旋断层性质。     

广东云浮硫铁矿矿床多因复成富集机制

从历史-因果论出发,运用陈国达教授提出的多因复成成矿理论,对广东云浮硫铁矿的成矿作用重新进行了研究和解剖。首次研究并论证了矿床形成的裂谷背景,提出了本矿床是一种经历了晚元古代裂谷期海底喷流初始沉积,加里东期裂谷回返动力变质过程中的矿体塑性流动和剪切固态迁移集中富集（有混染了的变质热液的叠加）,印支或岩浆热液叠加富化的多因复成矿床的新观点。     

地球圈层耦合扭转机制及其成因

全球扭转构造体系不仅是球面现象,而且波及整个地球.本文着重指出地球圈层耦合扭转的机制,揭示该机制对于板块构造的控制规律.赤道面与银道面的交角达62°36′,当银心从北天球移动到南天球时,在公转离心力的驱动下,塑性地幔将向南半球运移而大陆板块则向北半球漂移,从而导致南、北半球的非对称性和两半球的相对扭转.地球的大陆漂移的节律与银河系涡旋周期一致,太阳系内旋转状态相同的行(卫)星与地球同步扭转.     

Microcosmic analysis of ductile shearing zones of coal seams of brittle deformation domain in superficial lithosphere

For many years, the study on ductile shearing zones mainly focuses on the strain analysis and the characteristics of microcosmic structure of felsic duc-tile shearing zones in deep layers (8—10 km). Discus-sions on the process of the development of small-type and mini-size ductile shearing zones have been re-ported in recent years[1,2]. 揇uctile deformations in brittle deformation擺3] and 揵rittle deformations in ductile deformation擺4] are rather a familiar phenome-non in nature. Researchin…     

Deterministic and statistical size effect during shearing of granular layer within a micro‐polar hypoplasticity

The paper deals with numerical investigations of a deterministic and statistical size effect in granular bodies during quasi‐static shearing of an infinite layer under plane strain conditions, free dilatancy and constant pressure. For a simulation of the mechanical behaviour of a cohesionless granular material during a monotonous deformation path, a micro‐polar hypoplastic constitutive relation was used which takes into account particle rotations, curvatures, non‐symmetric stresses, couple stresses and the mean grain diameter as a characteristic length. The proposed model captures the essential mechanical features of granular bodies in a wide range of densities and pressures with a single set of constants. In the paper, a deterministic and statistical size effect is analysed. The deterministic calculations were carried out with an uniform distribution of the initial void ratio for four different heights of the granular layer: 5, 50, 500 and 2000 mm. To investigate the statistical size effect, the Monte Carlo method was applied. The random distribution of the initial void ratio was assumed to be spatially correlated. Truncated Gaussian random fields were generated in a granular layer using an original conditional rejection method. The sufficient number of samples was determined by analysing the convergence of the outcomes. In order to reduce the number of realizations without losing the accuracy of the calculations, stratified and Latin hypercube methods were applied. A parametric analysis of these methods was also presented. Some general conclusions were formulated. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.