咸阳北塬边垃圾土边坡稳定性分析

目的垃圾土边坡作为建筑边坡的治理和利用存在不少难点。以咸阳北塬边垃圾土边坡为例,详细分析了垃圾土稳定性影响因素。方法结合该垃圾土（建筑垃圾和生活垃圾）的物质成分及结构特性,在现场静力触探试验、反算及专家经验等综合分析的基础上,确定了垃圾土的抗剪强度参数。结果采用极限平衡法计算出该垃圾边坡稳定性系数,该稳定性系数与目前该边坡的实际状况基本一致。结论提出了垃圾土边坡稳定性分析方法和失稳后的治理方案,它对下部建筑群的抗滑建设具有重要的指导意义。     

青海省大柴旦红灯沟金矿区成矿条件与成矿模式研究

通过对南祁连岛弧带红灯沟矿床的形成背景、构造演化,以及金矿化研究分析认为,红灯沟矿区位于汇聚板块边缘最重要的金矿成矿带上,矿床赋存于一右行走滑韧性剪切带中。矿体主要发生在韧性剪切带中,构造变形越强,矿化越好。成矿物质为深部来源,可能与隐伏酸性岩体的成矿作用有关。后期的张性填充石英脉是重要的成矿构造。根据矿床的成因,建立了矿区成矿模式图,指出了有利的找矿部位。     

米仓山地区金矿特征及找矿远景分析

米仓山地区的金矿主要产在太古代—早元古代后河岩群绿岩和澄江期陆壳重熔S型花岗岩中,金矿化主要受SN、NE向的韧脆性剪切带所控制,发育多期次、多阶段的热液蚀变活动,成矿物质主要来源于澄江期重熔花岗岩浆期后含金热液,还包括部分变质热液。米仓山地区金矿的找矿前景广阔。     

Geomorphological,stratigraphic and geochronological evidence of fast Pleistocene coastal uplift in the westernmost part of the Corinth Gulf Rift (Greece)

Rapid extension and active normal faulting in the western extremity of the Corinth Gulf are accompanied by fast coastal uplift. We investigate Pleistocene uplift west of Aigion, by attempting to date remains of marine terraces and sedimentary sequences by calcareous nannoplankton and U‐series analyses. Net uplift initiated recently, due to abandonment of an older rift‐bounding fault zone and increase in activity on the presently active, coastal fault zone. This change apparently coincides with an abrupt slow down (or, termination) of secondary fault block tilting within the broader hangingwall block of the older zone, indicated by an angular unconformity that dates in the early part of MIS10 (∼390–350 ka BP, preferably, in the earlier part of this period). Net uplift driven by the coastal zone resulted in the formation of MIS9c (330 ka) and younger terraces. The formation of the unconformity and the initiation of net uplift coincide temporally with a ∼300–400 ka unconformity recognized by recent studies in a wide area offshore Aigion i.e. they could be part of an evolutionary event that affected the entire western part of the Corinth Rift or, a large area therein. Uplift rate estimates at four locations are discussed with reference to the morphotectonic context of differential uplift of secondary fault blocks, and the context of possible increase in uplift rate with time. The most reliable and most useful estimate for uplift rate at the longitude of the studied transect is 1.74–1.85 mm/year (time‐averaged estimate for the last ∼240 ka, based on calcareous nannoplankton and sequence‐stratigraphic interpretation). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Modelling tidal current‐induced bed shear stress and palaeocirculation in an epicontinental seaway: the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin,Central Europe

Lower to Middle Turonian deposits within the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin (Central Europe) consist of coarse‐grained deltaic sandstones passing distally into fine‐grained offshore sediments. Dune‐scale cross‐beds superimposed on delta‐front clinoforms indicate a vigorous basinal palaeocirculation capable of transporting coarse‐grained sand across the entire depth range of the clinoforms (ca 35 m). Bi‐directional, alongshore‐oriented, trough cross‐set axes, silt drapes and reactivation surfaces indicate tidal activity. However, the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin at this time was over a thousand kilometres from the shelf break and separated from the open ocean by a series of small islands. The presence of tidally‐influenced deposits in a setting where co‐oscillating tides are likely to have been damped down by seabed friction and blocked by emergent land masses is problematic. The Imperial College Ocean Model, a fully hydrodynamic, unstructured mesh finite element model, is used to test the hypothesis that tidal circulation in this isolated region was capable of generating the observed grain‐size distributions, bedform types and palaeocurrent orientations. The model is first validated for the prediction of bed shear stress magnitudes and sediment transport pathways against the present‐day North European shelf seas that surround the British Isles. The model predicts a microtidal to mesotidal regime for the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin across a range of sensitivity tests with elevated tidal ranges in local embayments. Funnelling associated with straits increases tidal current velocities, generating bed shear stresses that were capable of forming the sedimentary structures observed in the field. The model also predicts instantaneous bi‐directional currents with orientations comparable with those measured in the field. Overall, the Imperial College Ocean Model predicts a vigorous tide‐driven palaeocirculation within the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin that would indisputably have influenced sediment dispersal and facies distributions. Palaeocurrent vectors and sediment transport pathways however vary markedly in the different sensitivity tests. Accurate modelling of these parameters, in this instance, requires greater palaeogeographic certainty than can be extracted from the available rock record.     

越南O Quy Ho钼矿床的成矿时代及成矿物质来源探讨

越南西北部O Quy Ho钼矿床为范士版成矿带的典型钼矿床之一,矿体以脉状形式就位于中生代花岗岩中,辉钼矿主要赋存于石英脉及长石石英脉中,与黄铁矿、黄铜矿、磁铁矿等共生。8件样品硫同位素分析结果表明,δ34S介于0.14‰～3.34‰之间,平均值为1.53‰,表明成矿物质具有深源特征。黄铁矿的206Pb/204Pb范围为18.583～22.355,207Pb/204Pb变化于15.632～15.812之间,208Pb/204Pb变化于38.989～39.199;辉钼矿的206Pb/204Pb、207Pb/204Pb、208Pb/204Pb分别为18.686～18.737、15.655～15.660和39.081～39.082,与范士版含角闪石花岗斑岩具有成因联系。辉钼矿Re-Os同位素等时线测年获得了(36±1)Ma的年龄,该年龄与金沙江-红河新生代斑岩铜钼矿成矿带岩浆-成矿活动的年龄一致,提出O Quy Ho钼矿床为金沙江-红河新生代斑岩铜钼矿带的一部分。     

甘新北山金窝子韧性剪切带型金矿床成因

金窝子金矿床位于中朝_塔里木板块与哈萨克斯坦板块俯冲碰撞带南缘的甘新北山中带东段,受矿源岩系和区域性韧性剪切带的形成和演化的双重控制。下二叠统金窝子组中金元素含量高,又普遍发生浅变质作用和较强烈的构造变形作用,所以金窝子组能够提供成矿物质。区域性构造变形过程中,大规模深层次的韧性剪切变形促使金窝子组中金元素活化迁移,连同SiO2、K、Na等活性组分和岩石中H2O一起,形成含金动力变质热液;当含金热液上升并进入到NEE向低角度逆冲韧脆性断裂中,则发生交代蚀变和矿化,形成蚀变糜棱岩型和网脉型金矿化;而含金热液上升进入到NNW向高角度张性_张扭性脆性断裂中,则发生充填型矿化,形成石英大脉型金矿化。所以金窝子金矿的最主要控矿因素是矿源岩系和韧性剪切带。因此,金窝子金矿床属于韧性剪切带型金矿床,其成矿作用与控矿因素都与韧性剪切带有关。     

新疆东准双泉地区与韧-脆性剪切带有关的金矿成矿

[摘要]区域成矿背景分析表明,东准噶尔卡拉麦里地区韧-脆性剪切带形成于陆-陆碰撞体制, 在330 ~265Ma 期间,受挤压伸展体制转换影响,先后经历了韧、脆性构造变形。对与韧-脆性剪切带有 关的金矿石英流体包裹体研究发现,包裹体以气液相为主,均一温度集中在160 ~ 240益,成矿流体盐度 为3. 55 ~4. 5wt%NaCl。成矿流体的氢、氧同位素组成表明成矿流体的水为变质成因水。金属硫化物硫 同位素啄34 S 值为3. 54 ~10. 68译,显然属于混染硫。黄铁矿包裹体氦氩同位素3 He/ 4 He 值为0. 18 ~2. 18 Ra,属幔壳混源。成矿年代学研究表明,双泉金矿成矿时代及控矿构造脆性变形时间为(269依9) Ma ~ (260依4)Ma,金初始富集时间在310Ma 前后,并得到含矿花岗斑岩U-Pb 同位素年龄的支持,该事件在 东准地区均有同位素年龄记录,是区域性的构造岩浆成矿流体热事件。上述资料表明,金矿成矿过程、 成矿流体性质等在时间、空间上严格受韧-脆性剪切构造变形带控制。     

江南造山带北缘鄣公山地区新元古代地层构造变形特征及其动力学机制

鄣公山地区位处皖赣交界地带,区内广泛分布一套浅变质的陆缘细碎屑岩为主含少量火山物质的复理石建造体,大量高精度同位素测年数据显示,该浅变质地层形成于820～840Ma新元古代。经系统野外调查,在该地层中首次解析出5期褶皱变形,其中F1以原始层理(S0)为形变面形成的紧闭同斜、平卧等形态的露头尺度级片内无根褶皱;F2以早期构造面理(S1∥S0)为形变面的轴向近东西向开阔斜歪及同斜褶皱;F3属与大规模逆冲推覆构造相关的紧闭同斜或斜歪褶皱;F4为与燕山期花岗质岩浆热隆升有关的轴面北倾的透入性不对称紧闭下滑褶皱群;F5为分布于区域脆性平移走滑断裂带附近的倾竖褶皱,上述褶皱分别对应不同的构造变形旋回。本文重点阐述褶皱变形的几何学、叠加样式、变形序次、运动学特征,并对变形机制及大陆动力学等进行分析。