强震群活动构造环境比较研究

将1997-1998年新疆伽师6.0～6.6级强震群与国内外14例5.1～8.7级强震群的活动构造环境比较研究后发现,强震群持时25min～3a,强震群区的地震活动多具重复性,发震构造多为刚性地块共轭隐伏破裂。强震群为板内浅源地震。     

桂西两次强降雨过程对比分析

对2005年8月20日和2006年6月13日发生在桂西的两次强降雨并伴有强对流天气过程的影响系统、物理量场和FY-2C红外云图及雷达回波特征进行对比分析。结果表明:造成桂西两次强降雨都是在充足的水汽条件和强烈的上升运动条件下发生的;主要影响系统来自低层切变线、高空低槽和地面静止锋;强降雨过程发生在强烈的不稳定层结区域和K指数高值区。     

辽东湾北部浅海区海洋工程地质特征

通过对浅地层剖面仪、侧扫声纳和海底取样等实测资料的详细分析,揭示了辽东湾北部浅海区的自然地质状况和复杂的海洋工程地质特征。该海区海底地形地貌较为复杂,存在海底冲刷深槽、埋藏古河道、浅层气、潮流沙脊与潮沟、埋藏古陡坡、软弱土层及可能的砂土液化层等潜在灾害地质因素,对海上构筑物存在直接或潜在的危险性,应引起高度重视。     

夏垫断裂东北段地震勘探资料研究

为查明夏垫断裂东北段的空间位置、性质及其活动性,由大厂八百户起向东北方向,经过三河齐心庄至北京马坊镇,以可控震源激发方式,完成高分辨率浅层地震勘探测线7条,长约22 km.各地震反射时间剖面波组特征变化明显,断裂特征清晰,获取了准确的断点定位及断裂发育特征,展现了自八百户经齐心庄至马坊镇延伸约20 km范围内夏垫断裂的...     

ACCURACY AND STABILITY OF FINITE DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS FOR SHALLOW WATER FLOWS IN ORTHOGOPNAL COORDINATES

IINTRODUCTIONNumericalmethodsasatooltosimulateflowsandpollutanttransportareincreasinglyimportantinhydraulicandenvironmentalengineering.AveryusefulapplicationofthenumericalmethodologyinengineeringproblemswouldbetosolvethesystemofZDdepth-integratedshallowwaterequations.ManysolutionsofthegoverningequationsarederivedusingtraditionalfinitedifferencemethodonCartesianregulargrids.ThedisadvantageofthismethodseemstobetheinflexibilityofCartesiangridstocomplywithirregularorcurvedperimeterswhichsur…     

渤海,黄海及沿岸强震聚类分析

采用聚类分析方法,研究了渤海、黄海及沿岸强震（Ｍ≥６）的空间分布。研究结果划分出了强震活动区及一些离散发生的强震。渤海的强震往往参与河北、山东、辽宁沿岸的强震分期、分区活动,且以强度高为特征;南黄海强震区自成体系,存在多期活动,与沿岸强震关系不大,以频度高为特点;北黄海内呈弱活动区的状态;朝鲜半岛强震独立成区,未向黄海内部延伸。文中给出分区的构造解释,并提出海域强震存在时空差异,在沿岸及海洋的防震     

天津及邻近地区中强地震震源区水文地球化学环境与特征的研究

天津及邻近地区自１９６６年３月６日至今一般说来卅余年的时间内先后发生了邢台、渤海、唐山三次７级以上大地震和十余次６级中强地震,为研究该区的水文地球化学环境提供了有利条件,作者依据该区域内３９２口井,５０００多个水样,２０余个项目的分析资料,探讨了中强地震震源区水文地球化学环境与特征,为探索利用水文地球化学方法判定潜在震源区开辟了新的途径。     

滇西南地区M≥5级地震活动特征及预报方案

通过对滇西南地区Ｍ≥５级地震前地震、前兆和环境因子变化特征的分析,发现滇西南中强震前小震频度增加、出现窗口信号地震,前兆异常数量多,气压涨落突出等特征,并以此为依据建立了滇西南地区Ｍ≥５级地震的预报方案。     

Imaging shallow structure with active-source surface wave signal recorded by distributed acoustic sensing arrays

Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is one recently developed seismic acquisition technique that is based on fiber-optic sensing. DAS provides dense spatial spacing that is useful to image shallow structure with surface waves. To test the feasibility of DAS in shallow structure imaging, the PoroTomo team conducted a DAS experiment with the vibroseis truck T-Rex in Brady’s Hot Springs, Nevada, USA. The Rayleigh waves excited by the vertical mode of the vibroseis truck were analyzed with the Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) method. Phase velocities between 5 and 20 Hz were successfully extracted for one segment of cable and were employed to build a shear-wave velocity model for the top 50 meters. The dispersion curves obtained with DAS agree well with the ones extracted from co-located geophones data and from the passive source Noise Correlation Functions (NCF). Comparing to the co-located geophone array, the higher sensor density that DAS arrays provides help reducing aliasing in dispersion analysis, and separating different surface wave modes. This study demonstrates the feasibility and advantage of DAS in imaging shallow structure with surface waves.     

Rocking amplification and strong‐motion duration

This paper characterizes the ability of natural ground motions to induce rocking demands on rigid structures. In particular, focusing on rocking blocks of different size and slenderness subjected to a large number of historic earthquake records, the study unveils the predominant importance of the strong‐motion duration to rocking amplification (ie, peak rocking response without overturning). It proposes original dimensionless intensity measures (IMs), which capture the total duration (or total impulse accordingly) of the time intervals during which the ground motion is capable of triggering rocking motion. The results show that the proposed duration‐based IMs outperform all other examined (intensity, frequency, duration, and/or energy‐based) scalar IMs in terms of both “efficiency” and “sufficiency.” Further, the pertinent probabilistic seismic demand models offer a prediction of the peak rocking demand, which is adequately “universal” and of satisfactory accuracy. Lastly, the analysis shows that an IM that “efficiently” captures rocking amplification is not necessarily an “efficient” IM for predicting rocking overturning, which is dominated by the velocity characteristics (eg, peak velocity) of the ground motion.