坡面薄层流水动力学特性的实验研究

采用变坡实验水槽研究了坡面薄层水流水动力学特性——流态、流速、水深及阻力系数随流量和坡度的变化规律,实验坡度5°～25°、单宽流量为0.625×10-3～12.5×10-3m3/(s·m).研究结果表明,坡面薄层水流流态与水深密切相关,坡面流的流态基本上呈过渡流和紊流;薄层水流平均流速、水深和Darcy-Weisbach阻力系数主要受流量控制,坡度的影响并不显著,其关系均可用流量和坡度的幂函数形式模拟,相关系数(R2)分别为0.98、0.97和0.95,去掉坡度后相关系数分别下降7%、16%和3%.随着雷诺数的增大,Darcy-Weisbach阻力系数下降.当单宽流量小于0.008m3/(s·m)时,坡度对阻力系数的影响较为显著;当流量大于0.008m3/(s·m)时,阻力系数基本受流量控制.随着流量增大,阻力系数呈幂函数形式递减.     

基于均匀混合假设的天然河道水质模拟方法

扩散质进入窄浅型河道后,通常采用有限差分法求解一维对流分散方程进行水质模拟,计算相对复杂。为简化计算,提出了根据河道断面特征等水力特性,将河道划分为若干单元,忽略不灵敏因子分散项对单元间扩散质交换的影响,并引入单元均匀混合假定,提出了基于均匀混合假设的天然河道水质模拟方法,建立相应的水质数学模型。算例表明,该模型运算稳定,与有限差分法模拟精度相当,但可大大简化并节省计算工作量。     

城市地铁复杂洞群浅埋暗挖法的有限元模拟

以北京地铁复-八线王府井至东单区间隧道的施工为例，论述了城市复杂洞群浅埋暗挖法的有限元模拟，应用三维有限元理论研究、分析了施工效应问题，并对复杂洞群系统施工工艺进行了优化，解决了一系列施工中的难题，取得了很好效益。     

基于GIS的黄河三角洲地下水开发适宜性评价模型

本文运用地理信息系统（GIS）技术，建立了黄河三角洲地区浅层地下水开发适宜性综合评价模型。评价模型考虑了浅层地下水补给，含水层导水性和储水性，地下水水质，土地利用以及地下水开采对环境影响等多方面因素，模型评价结果为地下水开发适宜性等级分区图。模型评价成果为黄河三角洲地区浅层地下水资源规划和开发利用提供了科学依据。     

The Upper Permian Sedimentary Facies and Its Role in the Dajing Cu-Sn Deposit, Linxi County, Inner Mongolia, China

Abstract: Exhaustive investigations were launched for confirming the upper Permian host rocks of the Dajing Cu-Sn Deposit, probing into the possibility that Dajing is a Sedex type deposit during cosedimentation, complementing the deficiency of previous researches and going further into substantiating the role of the upper Permian strata in the control of ore distribution. After more than two years work, we reclassified the sedimentary facies in the Dajing area and its periphery as shallow fresh water lake and delta. Indicative sedimentary structures, such as ripple marks, rain marks, and mud cracks combined with contemporary fossils, were revealed. Having measured the flow directions, performed chemical comparison, and analyzed various sediments from sourceland in the Dajing area by XRF, we consequently redivided the strata into four sedimentary members, among which P₂l₁ and P₂l₂ were concluded as significant ore-hosted strata. The upper Permian basin was a lateral rift basin. The water and sediments in the basin are much deeper and thicker in the north than those in the south.
The indicators of special sedimentary facies, such as gravity flow, brine pool and synchronogenic stratiform structure of the ore cannot be found in the Dajing area. There was no growth fault, assemblage of sulfide and sulfate, and no zonation as well.
On the basis of study in this area, taking into account the paleosedimentary environment as capriciously flowing shallow lake, which approximated the state of oxidation, we figured that the paleogeography made it prohibitively difficult to form stratiform sulfide deposits which are prone to form in deoxidized environment. It can be ruled out the possibility that the Dajing deposit is a syngenetic deposit during sedimentation.     

湘潭石潭海泡石粘土矿床特征及找矿方向

赋存于茅口组下部含泥质灰岩段的矿体呈似层状、透镜状，长3500－5600m，平均厚4.39-5.15m，矿石品位一般8%-20%，最高可达65％。矿石有原岩型和粘土型两类，粘土型矿石一般呈灰－深灰色，干燥后呈灰白色，硬度1－2，比重1.6-2.3t/m^3，粘性强，可塑性好，透水性强。主要矿物成分有海泡石、石英、方解石、滑石、蒙脱石、伊利石和氟磷石等,矿石富Si、Mg、贫K、Na,CaO、Al2O3含量偏高。早二叠世江南古陆两侧局限（浅）海或海湾环境有利于海泡石沉积。在永顺－石门、安化－浏阳、怀化－浏阳成矿带，具有良好的找矿前景，估计海泡石资源量在3000万吨以上。     

降雨对浅层水流阻力的影响

通过实验室人工降雨水槽试验,研究了降雨影响下浅层水流的阻力规律。根据试验中观察到的物理现象及对实测资料的分析,讨论了降雨对浅层水流特性的影响,提出了"伪层流"的概念,建立了不同流区的Darcy-Weisbach阻力系数∫的估算式。研究成果可用于坡面流计算及土壤侵蚀模拟等方面。     

关于大地电磁的静校正问题

本文从理论上严格地论述了大地电磁测深曲线静态位移的原理,简单介绍了目前国内外所采用的静校正方法,并着重分析了我们所用的压制表层电性不均匀干扰的办法及其效果。     

Study on coupling between deep and shallow structures of Xingtai area and some significant questions

IntroductionIn order to gain a clear idea of the deep tectonic environment of Xingtai earthquake area,three wide-angle deep seismic renectionlrefraction profiles have been conducted through the are4they are Yuanshi--Ji'nan profile, Renxian--Wuqing profile and Tat' an--LongyaM inzhou profi I e.The Yuanshi--Ji'nan profile passes through the epicenter of the Ms=7.2 main shock andTat' ~ongyaO--X inzhou profi ie passes through the ep icenter of the Ms=6. 8 earthquake. Duringthe "Eighth Five-…