极地科学考察船载ADCP资料处理

自1995年“雪龙”号安装了可在走航时测定海水流速、流向的船载ADCP起,我国极地科学考察已经积累了丰富的走航ADCP资料。从极地科考走航ADCP资料中准确地提取海流信息,对南大洋以及南极毗邻海域的海流研究具有十分重要的现实意义。通过对影响海流信息提取的干扰因素分析,本文给出了针对极地科学考察船载ADCP资料处理的解决思路。只有在数据质量检查的基础上,时间一致性调整和船首向罗盘角度调整后,通过剔除船速信息才能准确地提取出海流信息。     

业务单位开展科研和技术开发工作的思考

通过对业务部门10多年来从事科研组织管理工作的分析,找出了业务单位开展科研与技术开发的对策与措施,对发挥各级气象业务部门的作用,提高气象预报服务质量,加强人才的培养,开展科研和技术开发工作是十分必要的。     

On a semi-inverse problem in the motion of gyrostat satellites

In this paper we study the equilibrium orientation of a gyrostat satellite in the gravity field of a point mass. Direct problem is to find all possible equilibrium orientation when the relative angular momentum vector is given. Inverse problem is to find this relative angular momentum in order to obtain equilibrium in a given orientation. Semi-inverse problem is solved here when some parameters (but not all) giving orientation of the satellite are chosen arbitrarily, giving for what choices real solutions occur.     

青海可可西里地区综合科学考察再报

1990年5月21日—8月23日再次考察了青海可可西里地区,在当地地质地理特征,自然地域的分异规律、晚新生代以来自然环境的演化和发展趋势、生物区系的组成及其演变,以及高山医学等多方面的研究,均取得了详实的第一性资料和重要进展。     

GPS单历元定向和测姿算法及其精度分析

在GPS单历元阻尼LAMBDA算法的基础上，结合固定边长条件，给出了一种GPS定向定姿的新方法，同时给出了GPS单历元定向和定姿精度估算公式。     

一种GPS测定姿态的新方法——具有坐标函数约束的单历元阻尼LAMBDA算法

在作者提出的GPS单历元阻尼LAMBDA算法的基础上,结合固定边长条件,给出了一种GPS姿态定位的新方法。该方法的特点在于:(1)仅利用当前一个历元的GPS观测数据;(2)在单历元法方程中添加阻尼矩阵,克服了LAMBDA方法的局限性,提高了模糊度搜索速度;(3)利用三台接收机的固定边长条件直接平差,可以提高模糊度解算的可靠性和定位精度。     

遥感图像可视化技术研究

图像处理可视化技术研究，有利于复杂的图像处理原理以图像或简要文字等易于理解的形式呈现给用户，文中采用面向对象式程序设计方法，使部分遥感图像类，各种功能模块的处理结果可视化手段进行表达。     

Outline of the fault zone drilling project by NIED in the vicinity of the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake, Japan

Abstract Three boreholes, 1001 m, 1313 m and 1838 m deep, were drilled by the National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED) in the vicinity of the epicenter of the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu (Kobe) earthquake to investigate tectonic and material characteristics near and in active faults. Using these boreholes, an integrated study of the in situ stress, heat flow, and material properties of drill cores and crustal resistivity was conducted. In particular, the Nojima–Hirabayashi borehole was drilled to a depth of 1838 m and directly intersected the Nojima Fault, and three possible fault strands were detected at depths of 1140 m, 1313 m and 1800 m. Major results obtained from this study include the following: (i) shear stress around the fault zone is very small, and the orientation of the maximum horizontal compression is perpendicular to the surface trace of faults; (ii) from the results of a heat flow study, the lower cut-off depth of the aftershocks was estimated to be roughly 300°C; (iii) cores were classified into five types of fault rocks, and an asymmetric distribution pattern of these fault rocks in the fracture zones was identified; (iv) country rock is characterized by a very low permeability and high strength; and (v) resistivity structure can be explained by a model of a fault extending to greater depths but with low resistivity.     

科学方法的统领与建构——论陈国达科学方法

陈国达的科学方法包括思想方法、逻辑方法、非逻辑方法和观察实验四大部分,它们相互整合和建构,形成一个动态的、开放的科学方法创新体系,并由此演化出与地洼学说高度统一的创新科学方法研究纲领:历史-动力综合分析方法。     

广西冬季严重冻害的环流特征

利用广西1960～2000年冬季冻害站次资料,根据规定的指标,划分出广西冬季严重冻害年有12年,将12个严重冻害年的500hPa高度场进行合成,分析了广西冬季严重冻害当年和前一年的500hPa高度合成距平场特征以及前期主要影响月的500hPa高度合成距平场的主要特点,为广西冬季严重冻害的预测提供判别依据。