抽水引致的地面沉降的参数敏感性分析

目前对地面沉降的研究和计算中,由于地质情况复杂、土体的变异性不容易掌握,对于土体参数的选取多数是根据经验值,具有不确定性。特别是在大面积的地面沉降计算中,这种不确定性更为严重。采用数值分析法,以Biot固结理论为基础,应用有限元软件Adina,建立了单井抽水的地面沉降模型,分析各参数在抽水过程中对地面沉降的影响,从而确定敏感参数,以期对地面沉降研究中的参数选取提供有价值的指导。     

基于范数灰色理论的滑坡稳定性敏感因子分析

灰色关联分析模型可用于滑坡稳定性敏感因子的定量分析。将范数灰色理论引入到滑坡稳定性敏感因子分析之中,确定了影响滑坡稳定性系数的因素权重,较为直观地反映了各影响因子对滑坡稳定性的影响程度。以重庆市綦江县土台镇滑坡为例,进行滑坡稳定性敏感因子的范数灰关联度计算。结果显示,滑动面岩土体强度参数是影响土台镇滑坡稳定性最重要的因素,地震作用和地下水位的变化对该滑体稳定性的影响要稍弱一些。     

“空矿”溶液及废弃乙酸丁酯用于萃取原子吸收法测金

本文提出了一个用“空矿”溶液及再生处理过的废弃乙酸丁酯测定金的方法。运用该方法测金 ,提高了灵敏度和准确度 ,改善了标准曲线的线性关系 ,同时也提高了乙酸丁酯的利用率。     

Sensitivity test of the geodetic network in Las Cañadas Caldera, Tenerife, for volcano monitoring

A 17-benchmark geodetic network in the volcanic area of the Teide Caldera, Canary Islands has been utilised several times since 1982 to detect crustal movements associated with volcanic activity within the network, as well as a procedure for solving configuration problems. The network is located on the mid-western side of the Caldera, where there are two different morphological zones that both have benchmarks. The authors performed a sensitivity test of this geodetic network for volcano monitoring purposes. To do so, we use a deformation model to calculate surface displacement caused by a dike intrusion in a homogenous half space. The depth and location of dike are changed to study the variation of the effects produced (displacements). The size and location of the intruded dike are found to play a major role in determining both the displacement pattern and magnitude. When the dike is close to the surface, there is an inversion of the surface displacement pattern and very large surface displacement at certain benchmarks. Such phenomena can serve as precursors of such dike eruptions. Our study show a clear need to extend the existing geodetic network to cover the full island for volcano monitoring purposes.     

半主动控制装置在受控结构中的优化设置

本文对振动控制系统中控制装置的优化设置方法进行了研究,并将其应用于基于磁流变阻尼器的半主动控制系统中,通过计算实例分析得出了关于控制装置优化设置问题的一些有意义的结论。     

公路桥涵台背回填稳定性极限分析上限解

运用塑性力学极限分析的上限定理,分析公路桥涵台背回填的稳定性问题。首先,由模型试验和数值分析结果确定回填区和地基的滑动模式;其次,根据位移协调条件建立滑动体的速度场,并计算各滑动楔块的位移速度;最后,运用虚功原理和优化算法寻找最不利滑动面位置,计算不同回填材料的土压力或临界填筑高度。研究发现：地基与回填材料的强度、性能以及加筋条件对台背回填稳定性的影响都非常显著。结果表明：增加地基与回填材料的强度,采用轻质回填材料,减小加筋间距和增加筋材强度,都有利于提高台背回填材料的稳定性。     

确定堤坝工程地基渗透系数的敏感分析法

堤坝工程中地基渗透系数的选取具较大随机性, 为了解决这个问题, 采用敏感性分析理论建立了求解渗透系数敏感性因子的数学模型, 该模型在河南省燕山水库水利工程中的应用表明: 覆盖层渗透系数的敏感性最大(> 10-2), 设计应取试验值的大值; 其他部分渗透系数的敏感性相对较小(10-6~10-3), 设计中可取试验值的均值; 对于防渗设施, 只要达到一定密实度, 再降低其渗透系数, 防渗效果不会再有明显改善      

邻近隧道爆破振动响应研究

由于新建隧道与既有隧道之间距离较近,开挖爆破产生的地震波会危及既有隧道衬砌结构的安全和稳定,笔者应用现场监测和数值分析两种手段对此进行了分析研究,得出了一些有意义的结论。     

赤道东太平洋SST强增温过程特征分析

本文利用太平洋海温距平场资料,对１９８６年以来发生的厄尔尼诺过程的开始时间、发展过程及强度等方面进行了分析。并与历史上的厄尔尼诺过程进行比较,结果表明,９０年代是厄尔尼诺事件的多发期,在１９９１￣９８年的８年中,间连续发生四次厄经诺事件,其中１９９７￣９８年的厄尔尼诺,成为有历史记录以来最强的一次过程。     

Optimum Design of Structure Shape for Offshore Jacket Platforms

With the introduction of the design variables of nodal coordinates,which reflect the em-bedded depth of the pile and the jacket bed height,a shape optimum design model for offshore jacket plat-forms is established.A sequential two-level optimum algorithm is developed based on the design variablegradation.On the basis of the finite element method,the sensitivity of the objective function and nodal dis-placement is analyzed.As an example,the BZ281 oil storage offshore platform,which lies in the Bohai oilfield,is designed with the shape optimum model.The results are compared with the cross-section optimumdesign.The tendency of design variables and its reasons in the two methods are analyzed.In the shapeoptimum design,the value of objective function is obviously smaller than that of the initial design and thecross-section optimum design.Therefore,the advantage of structure shape optimum design for jacket plat-forms is remarkable.