鄂尔多斯盆地中东部奥陶系马五_5亚段白云岩地球化学特征及成因模式

依据岩心、薄片以及实验分析资料,表明鄂尔多斯盆地中东部奥陶系马五_5亚段白云岩碳同位素分布区间与泥晶灰岩的分布区间类似,均介于-1.40‰~0.14‰,分布在同期海水值区间内;氧同位素组成介于-7.51‰~-5.98‰,较泥晶灰岩的偏正,但整体均较同期海水值偏负;稀土元素的配分模式与泥晶灰岩的相似,具有轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损的特征;锶同位素也和泥晶灰岩的分布范围大致相当,且具有少数正常、多数偏正的特征。综合古气候、古沉积格局和海平面升降变化的特征,认为:(1)马五_5亚段白云岩主要由渗透回流白云石化作用形成,部分由蒸发泵白云石化作用形成;(2)白云岩空间分布受海平面升降变化与沉积古地貌背景的共同控制,古地貌较高的中央古隆起—靖西台坪和靖东隆起带这两个区域上白云岩在相对海退期更为发育;(3)白云石的岩石结构组分之间的差异性与其形成的沉积背景有关,粉晶白云岩在中央古隆起—靖西台坪和靖东隆起带上均广泛发育,颗粒白云岩和含硬石膏结核粉晶白云岩仅零星分布在中央古隆起—靖西台坪带上,而白云石化不彻底的灰质粉晶白云岩和白云质泥晶灰岩主要分布在洼地中心和边缘地带。     

安徽及周边地区岩石圈有效弹性厚度研究

基于EIGEN-6C4重力异常和ETOPO1地形数据,采用基于fan小波的相关性分析方法计算安徽及周边地区较高分辨率的各向同性岩石圈有效弹性厚度Te（effective elastic thickness）,结合区域地质构造和地球动力学背景进行讨论。结果表明,研究区Te处于5~75 km之间,大别造山带和下扬子地区为Te低值区,郯庐断裂两侧Te值相对较低,河淮盆地和苏北盆地Te值较高,Te分布反映了区域特定地质构造特征和地球动力学背景;地震活动主要分布在10~50 km Te值范围内,集中在Te低值区和Te值陡变带,表明相关区域岩石圈抵抗形变能力较弱,易于发生地震。     

Evidence for a change in wind regime during the Last Glacial Maximum from the Sydney region

This paper presents the results of a small number of dates from sand samples collected at building sites in the eastern suburbs of Sydney. OSL ages of well-sorted, quartz sand ranges from 31 to 24?ka from within well-developed podzol soil profiles within a metre of the surface. The source of this sand appears to be from the east off the inner continental shelf during a period just prior to the maximum of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, Marine Isotope Stage 2) when sea-level was approximately 70–90 m below present level. During a later phase of the LGM, there is evidence from other coastal sites in central NSW and Gippsland, Victoria, that the dominant wind was from the west consistent with evidence from arid and semiarid Australia. Dune orientations in northern NSW into Queensland and other evidence at this time appear to reflect winds from the southeast quadrant. This study highlights the existence of a potential pivot area in dominant wind direction during the LGM between sustained westerly flow in southern area including Victoria and northeast Tasmania and southeast flow of northern NSW into Queensland. In central NSW, the circulation switched from easterly in Stage 2 to westerly as the glacial stage intensified in the LGM sometime after ca 25?ka.     

Using the Maximum Effective Moment Criterion to Interpret Quartz <c>‐Fabric Patterns

The Maximum Effective Moment (MEM) criterion predicts that the initial orientation of ductile shear zones and shear bands is ~55° relative to the maximum principal stress axis (σ1) and that the kinematic vorticity number (Wk) is ~0.94. These preferred orientations should be reflected in the pattern of quartz -fabrics in shear zones and shear bands. Common quartz -fabrics in plane strain can be divided into low-temperature (L) and high-temperature (H) fabrics, with each group showing three patterns. A steady flow with a constant value of Wk≈0.94 gives rise to L-1 and H-1 patterns, which are commonly characterized by a single axis girdle normal to the shear zone and a single -point maximum parallel to the shear zone.Once the conjugate set develops, L-1 and H-1 have opening angles of ~70° and ~110°, respectively. L-2 and H-2 are asymmetric patterns associated with variable deformation partitioning and vorticity values of 0< Wk<0.94. In contrast, L-3 and H-3 are symmetric patterns associated with 100% deformation partitioning and Wk=0. The opening angle in quartz -fabrics is implicitly linked to the temperature during deformation. The opening angle is ~70° at low temperature and ~110° at high temperature. However, a linear correction between the opening angle and the temperature cannot be established. During deformation partitioning, synthetic shear bands form earlier than antithetic bands and are more easily developed. This may result in opening angles of <70° for low-temperature fabrics and of >110° for high-temperature fabrics. The following criteria can be used to recognize reworked shear zones that have experienced multiple orogenic phases and changes in the stress state: 1) the initial Wk is larger or smaller than ~0.94; 2) the change in Wk is abrupt, rather than progressive; 3) inconsistent shear senses are inferred for the different phases of deformation; and 4) a negative value of Wk is found in reworked shear zones.     

中国大陆东部地区地震活动图像及其含义

定量处理了中国大陆东部地区2000～2002年的中小地震活动图像,分析了地震活动密集值的相对变化及其含义,探讨了其在中期地震预测中的应用。     

Principle and Program of Evaluating Diffuse Seismicity

Concept and origin of the term “the diffuse seismicity“ are illustrated. Some different viewpoints regarding the diffuse seismicity and the influence characteristics on determining seismic design basis of engineering from the seismicity are analyzed. Principle and program for evaluating diffuse seismicity are studied and discussed base on over contents.     

人工控制土壤水分剖面调控根系分布的研究

１９９５年－１９９６年在中科院栾城农业生态系统全站进行了控制土壤水分剖面分布的灌溉试验，详尽考察分析了根系生长分布，水分利用方式，冠部营养生殖生长，耗水特性及水分利用率的灌溉效应。结果表明：根系分布随土壤含水量降低相应减少，呈水大根大特征，上部干旱促使根系向深层发育，利用下层水量较多。     

香港岛地区滑坡灾害的时空分布模式

香港岛是香港特别行政区开发程度最高的区域，人工滑坡及自然滑坡时常发生。滑坡灾害在时间和空间的分布受多种因素的影响并呈现出一定的规律性，本文利用GEO发布的近十多年的滑坡资料对香港岛地区滑坡灾害的时间、空间和时空分布模式进行了分析。