山东数字遥测地震台网地震监测能力评估

根据地震仪器的性能对山东数字遥测地震台网的监测能力进行评估，并利用2000年3－10月地震资料进行了检验。其结果为：山东地区12％的面积监测能力为ML≥2.0级，山东中部及渤海、黄河沿海地区监测能力为ML≥2.5级，渤海、黄海近海地区的监测能力为ML≥3.0级。最后指出台网布局的疏密程度、观测条件及台基条件的优劣等是影响台网监控能力的重要因素。     

Three-dimensional Q structure in Jiashi earthquake region of Xinjiang

3-D S-waveQ structure in Jiashi earthquake region is inverted based on the attenuation of seismic waves recorded from earthquakes in this region in 1998 by the Research Center of Exploration Geophysics (RCEG), CSB, and a rough configuration of deep crustal faults in the earthquake region is presented. First, amplitude spectra of S-waves are extracted from 450 carefully-chosen earthquake records, called observed amplitude spectra. Then, after instrumental and site effect correction, theoretical amplitude spectra are made to fit observed amplitude spectra with nonlinear damped least-squares method to get the observed travel time overQ, provided that earthquake sources conform to Brune’s disk dislocation model. Finally, by 3-D ray tracing method, theoretical travel time overQ is made to fit observed travel time overQ with nonlinear damped least-squares method. In the course of fitting, the velocity model, which is obtained by 3-D travel time tomography, remains unchanged, while onlyQ model is modified. When fitting came to the given accuracy, the ultimateQ model is obtained. The result shows that an NE-trending lowQ zone exists at the depths of 10–18 km, and an NW-trending lowQ zone exists at the depths of 12–18 km. These roughly coincide with the NE-trending and the NW-trending low velocity zones revealed by other scientists. The difference is that the lowQ zones have a wider range than the low velocity zones. Foundation item: Joint Seismological Science Foundation of China (957-07-414) and State Key Basic Research Development and Programming Project (95-13-02-02). Contribution No. RCEG200105, Research Center of Exploration Geophysics, China Seismological Bureau.     

Evolutionary properties of stochastic models of earthquake accelerograms: Their dependence on magnitude and distance

An approach to generate artificial earthquakeaccelerograms on hard soil sites is presented. Eachtime-history of accelerations is considered as arealization of a non-stationary gaussian stochasticprocess, with statistical parameters depending onmagnitude and source-to-site distance. In order tolink the values of these parameters for each groundmotion record with the corresponding magnitude andsource-to-site distance, semi-empirical functionalrelations called generalized attenuationfunctions are determined. The set of realground-motion time histories used to obtain thesefunctions correspond to shocks generated at differentsources and recorded at different sites in thevicinity of the southern coast of Mexico. The resultsshow significant dispersion in the parameters of themodel adopted, which reflect that associated with thereal earthquakes included in the sample employed.The problem of conditional simulation of artificialacceleration time histories for prescribed intensitiesis briefly presented, but its detailed study is leftfor a companion paper. The criteria and modelsproposed are applied to generate two families ofartificial acceleration records for recurrenceintervals of 100 and 200 years at a specific sitelocated in the region under study. The results shownin this article correspond to acceleration timehistories recorded on firm ground for earthquakesgenerated at the subduction zone that runs along thesouthern coast of Mexico, and cannot be generalized tocases of earthquakes generated at other sources orrecorded at other types of local conditions. Thismeans that the methods and functional forms presentedhere are applicable to these other cases, but thevalues of the parameters that characterize thosefunctions may differ from those presented here.     

Low Electrical Resistivity And Seismic Velocity At The Base Of The Upper Crust As Indicator Of Rheologically Weak Layer

Conductivity models were compiled in two geological provinces with thinsediments. The first province is the margin of the Precambrian East EuropeanPlatform. The second one is the Phanerozoic Rhenish Massif as a part of CentralGermany Hercinicum. In both provinces, a conducting layer was revealed at thebase of the upper crust by the magnetotelluric soundings. Its depth is around10 km in the East European Platform and around 15 km in the Rhenish Massif.The conductance of the layer reaches a few tens of Siemens in the first provinceand is almost an order of magnitude greater in the second one.A good correlation between the conductor and a seismic wave-guide (low-velocityzone) exists at the base of the upper crust. Simultaneous decrease of both electricalresistivity and seismic velocity, suggests an increase of porosity and permeability inpresence of saline water. The depth of rheological weak layer in the PhanerozoicRhenish Massif corresponds to the commonly accepted depth of the thermallyinduced brittle/ductile transition. Contrary similar layer in the Precambrian EasternEuropean Platform is much shallower than the thermally induced transition. Somenew mechanism should be considered.     

边界条件对土层粘弹性地震反应的影响

边界条件是土层粘弹性地震反应必须考虑的问题。对于地表面，一般作为自由边界，而对于地下深处基岩面，边界条件有两种处理方法：一是静止边界，二是非静止边界的。首先给出了在时间域内单层地基一维土层粘弹性地震反应封闭解析解，然后从理论上分析边界条件对土层粘弹性地震反应的影响，认为采用静止边界进行土层地震反应计算得到的地震动加速度时程符合天然地震记录形式，而采用非静止边界进行土层地震反应计算得到的地震动加速度时程初始阶段出现较大幅度的振荡现象，随着土层厚度增加，这种振荡现象逐渐减弱直至消失。当土层阻尼较小或剪切波速增长时，振荡现象加剧；当土层阻尼比较大或剪切波速减小时，振荡现象减弱。此外，采用非静止边界进行土层地震反应计算，表现出随着土层厚度的增加，土层对基岩输入地震动的放大作用逐步转化为吸收作用。     

泉州台763长周期地震仪的震相记录特征

76 3长周期地震仪 1 997年起取代基式仪 ,承担我国一类合网对国内外地震的监测和对外观测资料交换任务。本文介绍了我台 76 3长周期地震仪的震相记录特征 ,有利于台站对震相的分析 ,提高对外资料交换和大震速报水平。     

用转换波检测煤层裂隙的方法探讨

根据理论模型计算结果对比分析找出的煤层纵波场和转换波场和转换波场与煤层裂隙状态变化间的相关关系，探讨了综合使用纵波和转换波检测煤层裂隙的可行方法，对有效开展转换法地震勘探工作具有指导意义。     

多种方法确定单井中的地层重复——以吐鲁番—哈密盆地鄯科1井三叠系为例

鄯科 1井是吐鲁番—哈密盆地台北凹陷首次钻穿三叠系的一口科学探索井 ,并首次在三叠系发现轻质油流。文内以鄯科 1井为例 ,运用孢粉组合、岩性组合、地震剖面、倾角测井、无机元素、地球化学等多种方法从不同侧面分析了鄯科 1井三叠系内部地层重复的现象 ,这些方法有机的结合和相互的补充打破了单一方法进行地层划分的旧模式 ,初步进行了多方法交互使用进行地质分层的尝试 ,从而有效地消除了地层划分与对比中的多解性 ,使地层划分更可靠 ,相信这些方法的交互使用在其他地区和单井的地层划分对比中也同样有较好的使用价值     

三维相干切片断层多边形检测

作者在本文中将三维切片视为二维图像，利用图像边缘检测技术，检测出相干切片上断层多边形，并将其直接投影到测网底图上，用于构造成图。该项技术不仅提高了用相干切片解释断层的精度，而且提高了断层解释效率，使相干数据体技术在三维解释中的作用得到更大的发挥。实际应用表明，三维相干切片断层多边形检测技术，是全三维高精度解释的有力工具，提高了解释效率，缩短了解释周期。     

应用改进的相干算法提高三维地震资料解释精度

作者在文中详细探讨了C1、C2和C3三种相干算法及其。根据三维地震数据体的特点提出了实用的相干算法，并编制了相应的软件。我们对三种相干算法对应相干数据体的解释结果进行了细致的分析，C2相干算法基本能够平衡提高横向分辨率和信噪比之间的矛盾，而C3相干算法则取得了更精确的效果。