鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗纪—白垩纪原始面貌与古地理演化

鄂尔多斯盆地位于华北地台西部。在详细分析地层接触关系、构造界面特征、地层发育特征和连续性、盆地沉积与周边构造的关系、物源区性质、沉积体系配置与相分布、古水流样式等各种要素的基础上,重建了鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗纪至白垩纪的原始面貌,并将其演化划分为4个阶段。其中,第一阶段（早侏罗世至中侏罗世早期）和第二阶段（中侏罗世Bathonian—Callovian期）沉积盆地的范围和沉积体系的配置关系大体类似,两者最为重要的区别是前者有聚煤作用发生,后者没有煤层发育,其原因是古气候变化造成的;第三阶段（晚侏罗世）盆地收缩至桌子山—石沟驿—六盘山一线东侧;第四阶段（早白垩世）盆地的范围有所扩大,但东界可能被限制于现今的吕梁山以西。     

辽宁岫岩县偏岭地区晚大石桥期沉积环境及构造古地理

偏岭地区大石桥组三段自下而上分为6个岩性层,每层都有不同的岩性组合特征.碳酸盐岩的CaO/MgO比值具有指示沉积环境的作用.通过分析该段地层的岩性组合特征,并结合不同层位的CaO/MgO比值,推断出偏岭地区在晚大石桥期的沉积环境演变过程为干旱湖、封闭海湾→开阔浅海→滨海→干旱湖、封闭海湾→浅海（偶为潮间或滨岸）→滨海、浅海交互环境.     

喀左盆地下白垩统九佛堂组油页岩特征及控矿条件

野外地质调查和岩石学、地球化学研究表明：喀左盆地3个油页岩层群分别发育于下白垩统九佛堂组的一、二、三段,以位于三段的第三油页岩层群的工业意义最大;油页岩常与上覆沉凝灰岩或其它凝灰质岩石呈伴生关系。油页岩（矿石）类型有泥岩、具粉砂质条带的含钙-钙质泥岩、泥灰岩和页岩4种类型,以前两者为主;低品级油页岩体积分数为50％,中品级油页岩体积分数为42％,高品级油页岩体积分数为8％,均属高灰分油页岩。油页岩的有机质类型为腐植-腐泥型,源于低等植物;浅湖-半深湖形成的油页岩（矿石）类型为含粉砂质条带的含钙-钙质泥岩,深湖形成的油页岩（矿石）类型主要为泥岩;物源区母岩类型对油页岩的化学成分特征及灰分成分类型具有明显的控制关系;火山喷发的灾变事件终止了油页岩的成矿作用。     

塔里木盆地腹地第四纪沉积物粒度特征及其沉积环境

利用MS-2000型激光粒度仪及相关软件,对位于塔里木盆地腹地的塔中KT2号钻孔进行粒度测试与分析,绘制频率曲线图、概率累计曲线图等,结合其他测试数据、资料,进行沉积环境分析.结果表明塔里木盆地在早更新世以河湖相沉积为主,其晚期出现了风成相沉积;中更新世早期以洼地湖泊相沉积为主,但风成相沉积作用明显加强,至中更新世晚期,发展成为以风成相为主,经晚更新世到全新世,沙漠大规模形成,并逐步发展.气候总体由温暖湿润变为寒冷干旱.     

Morphology and modern sedimentary deposits of the macrotidal Marapanim Estuary (Amazon,Brazil)

The northern Brazilian coast, east of the Amazon River is characterized by several macrotidal estuarine systems that harbor large mangrove areas with approximately 7600 km². The Marapanim Estuary is influenced by macrotidal regime with moderate waves influence. Morphologic units were investigated by using remote sensing images (i.e., Landsat-7 ETM+, RADARSAT- 1 Wide and SRTM) integrated with bathymetric data. The modern sedimentary deposits were analyzed from 67 cores collected by Vibracore and Rammkersonde systems. Analysis of morphology and surface sedimentary deposits of the Marapanim River reveal they are strongly influenced by the interaction of tidal, wave and fluvial currents. Based on these processes it was possible to recognize three distinct longitudinal facies zonation that revels the geological filling of a macrotidal estuary. The estuary mouth contain fine to medium marine sands strongly influenced by waves and tides, responsible for macrotidal sandy beaches and estuarine channel development, which are characterized by wave-ripple bedding and longitudinal cross-bedding sands. The estuary funnel is mainly influenced by tides that form wide tidal mudflats, colonized by mangroves, along the estuarine margin, with parallel laminations, lenticular bedding, root fragments and organic matter lenses. The upstream estuary contains coarse sand to gravel of fluvial origin. Massive mud with organic matter lenses, marks and roots fragments occur in the floodplain accumulates during seasonal flooding providing a slowly aggrading in the alluvial plain. This morphologic and depositional pattern show easily a tripartite zonation of a macrotidal estuary, that are in the final stage of filling.     

Middle Permian radiolarians from Anmenkou, Chaohu, Northeastern Yangtze platform, China

The biostratigraphy of the Middle Permian Gufeng Formation in the northeastern Yangtze platform is examined based on radiolarians. This study is concentrated on the Anmenkou section in the Chaohu area of Anhui Province, China. The Gufeng Formation is divided into the Phosphate Nodule-bearing Mudstone Member (PNMM) and the Siliceous Rock Member (SRM) in ascending order. The former primarily consists of mudstone including abundant phosphate nodules, and the latter consists mainly of alternating beds of chert, siliceous mudstone and mudstone, with intercalations of porous chert. Ammonoids in the mudstone of the lower PNMM are Wordian. Chert, siliceous mudstone and mudstone of the SRM include abundant radiolarians with sponge spicule assemblages suggestive of the Wordian–Capitanian. Albaillellaria are predominant in the lower SRM, while Entactinaria and Spumellaria are predominant in the middle and upper SRM. These radiolarians correspond to three radiolarian assemblage zones: Pseudoalbaillella longtanensis – Pseudoalbaillella fusiformis , Follicucullus monacanthus , and Follicucullus scholasticus – Ruzhencevispongus uralicus . The assemblage of radiolarians and sponge spicule fauna suggests a depositional depth of 150–500 m. The radiolarian fauna of the Gufeng Formation is considered to be representative of the relatively shallow, tropical radiolarian fauna of the Middle Permian eastern Paleotethys.     

河南井楼油田一区核三段Ⅲ5-6-Ⅳ1-3小层沉积微相与含油性的关系

针对河南井楼油田一区稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐过程中汽窜严重、低渗透层储量动用程度低等问题,应用高分辨率层序地层对主力油层逐级细分对比,核三段Ⅲ5-6-Ⅳ1-3小层划分为3个中期旋回、10短期旋回、25个超短期旋回。利用岩心、钻井、测井等资料,明确了Ⅲ5-6-Ⅳ1-3小层砂体成因类型,识别出扇三角洲前缘、前三角洲2个亚相和水下分流河道、河道侧翼、分流间湾、远砂坝4个微相。通过基础沉积图件的编制,明确了25个细分小层沉积微相的展布。水下分流河道砂体含油性好,河道侧翼较差,分流间湾为干层,充分说明井楼油田一区为构造岩性控制的油藏,这为井楼油田扩展油气勘探范围提供了一个新的思路。最后讨论了剩余油的分布问题,为下一步开发方案的编制提供可靠的地质依据。     

空间信息支持下的沉积相分析方法及其应用

依据各沉积相的平面分布形态,将沉积相划分为扇形沉积相带、席状沉积相带和条带状沉积相带,并分别对不同类型的沉积相带采取不同的缓冲方法,再依据瓦尔特相律,对空间上已知沉积相类型的井进行分析,最终做到利用计算机辅助或代替人工的工作,根据已知单井沉积相的类型而自动进行平面沉积相的研究。将这种方法应用于大港油田孔南地区孔二段时期的沉积相研究中,证明了此方法的可行性。     

黄海南部海门近岸牡蛎礁发育的物质基础与环境背景

中国的现代牡蛎礁多发育在河口,但位于黄海南部的海门市近岸牡蛎礁却发育在非河口地区。利用对岩芯和剖面进行的岩相、粒度、硅藻及¹⁴C年代等因子的分析测试数据,对黄海南部的海门市近岸牡蛎礁的发育场所和环境背景进行了探讨。结果发现,该地在距今5630年左右发生了一次重要的沉积环境变化,由之前的潮间带环境转变为之后的河口砂坝或者受河口影响的潮流砂脊相环境,形成了适宜牡蛎生长和牡蛎礁发育的条件。尽管牡蛎礁现在出露在粉沙淤泥质潮滩上,但是其发育的基底不是粉砂淤泥质潮滩,而是河口砂坝或者受河口影响的潮流砂脊。黏土矿物特征还显示出,海门牡蛎礁的发育还与长江口的影响密切相关。     

巢湖凌家滩遗址古人类活动的地理环境特征

通过对巢湖凌家滩文化遗址的野外勘查、采样和室内磁化率、烧失量、化学元素及光释光年代分析,结合巢湖湖泊岩芯记录的中全新世环境特征、研究区较高分辨率遥感影像和文物考古成果,综合研究表明:古凌家滩人生活于中全新世气候适宜期,其文化的发展和繁荣处在气候由温暖湿润向温和略干转换的过渡阶段;晚更新世末期堆积形成的地面(OSL年代11.6 ±1.0 ka B.P.)是古凌家滩人生活的地貌面,本区古地貌面海拔以及拔河高度与现今不同,这与该区新构造运动沉降和气候-水文因素作用有关;中全新世温暖湿润的气候条件下,太湖山南麓台地被进一步切割为山前长条形岗地与河流相间的地貌形态,遗址所在的长岗岗地是东、西、南三面临水的"半岛"环境,河川相连,便于水运交通、渔猎和水稻种植。