小净距公路隧道支护时机对围岩稳定性影响研究

随着西部高速公路的大规模建设,受地形和施工场地的限制,小净距隧道已越来越多地在工程实际中使用。由于小净距隧道施工工艺复杂,围岩变形和破坏机理也较为复杂,隧道的施工和支护时机对围岩和支护结构的稳定性影响很大。结合正在施工的沪－蓉－西高速公路漆树槽分岔隧道小净距段的施工特点,开展隧道在不同荷载释放比例下不同支护时机对围岩稳定性影响的研究。研究结果表明：支护越早,衬砌和锚杆承担的荷载越大,围岩的塑性变形和塑性区范围越小。及时施作二次衬砌,可以显著控制岩柱部位的变形,改善围岩的应力状态。研究成果将对同类条件下小净距隧道的施工和设计具有指导意义。     

统计检验中两类错误与拒绝域的确定

本文通过实例分析,说明对于给定的统计检验模型应根据实际问题的使用与经济价值区别不同情况,合理地控制犯第一类错误与第二类错误的概率以及样本容量,从而去确定最优拒绝域。而不应笼统地采用现行的传统做法,即通常限定第一类错误的概率(显著水平)的前提下,去寻求最优拒绝域。     

热力学第二定律效率的分析

本文讨论热力学第二定律效率的意义,对当前国内外正在研讨的第二定律效率的定义问題提出一些看法,闡明关于第二定律效率的基本观点;最后根据热力学第二定律,从我国实际出发,提出为有效地利用能源首先应该采取的关鍵措施。     

A simplified fragility analysis of fan type cable stayed bridges

A simplified fragility analysis of fan type cable stayed bridges using Probabilistic Risk Analysis (PRA) procedure is presented for determining their failure probability under random ground motion. Seismic input to the bridge support is considered to be a risk consistent response spectrum which is obtained from a separate analysis. For the response analysis, the bridge deck is modeled as a beam supported on springs at different points. The stiffnesses of the springs are determined by a separate 2D static analysis of cable-tower-deck system. The analysis provides a coupled stiffness matrix for the spring system. A continuum method of analysis using dynamic stiffness is used to determine the dynamic properties of the bridges .The response of the bridge deck is obtained by the response spectrum method of analysis as applied to multidegree of freedom system which duly takes into account the quasi - static component of bridge deck vibration. The fragility analysis includes uncertainties arising due to the variation in ground motion, material property, modeling, method of analysis, ductility factor and damage concentration effect. Probability of failure of the bridge deck is determined by the First Order Second Moment (FOSM) method of reliability. A three span double plane symmetrical fan type cable stayed bridge of total span 689 m, is used as an illustrative example. The fragility curves for the bridge deck failure are obtained under a number of parametric variations. Some of the important conclusions of the study indicate that (i) not only vertical component but also the horizontal component of ground motion has considerable effect on the probability of failure; (ii) ground motion with no time lag between support excitations provides a smaller probability of failure as compared to ground motion with very large time lag between support excitation; and (iii) probability of failure may considerably increase for soft soil condition.     

有限水深二维绕射问题的二阶速度势和水动力

本文给出有限水深二维物体二阶绕射势在外域中的解析表达式，从而准确满足二阶绕射势的辐射条件。二阶绕射势在内域自由表面上的边界条件则由一阶势的数值微分求得。然后对内域用简单Ｇｒｅｅｎ函数法求得二阶绕射势。本文对二维浮体和潜体在不同水深和潜深情况下的绕射问题进行了计算，求得了二阶绕射势和二阶定常及倍频波浪力。讨论了水深和潜深对波浪力的影响以及二阶绕射势对非线性波浪力的贡献     

深Ⅱ°烧伤创面应用CHIMEHERB人工皮与酒精冷藏猪皮的比较

通过CHIMEHERB人工皮与酒精冷藏猪皮在深Ⅱ°及混合度烧伤创面上的应用比较,表明两者的粘附,透水等性能以及止痛效果一致.且前者比后者的优点是:不占位、平均提早创面愈合时间2～3.5d(天),并减少换药次数.     

地下气库(LPG)洞室围岩稳定性数值分析

地下气库的围岩稳定性关系到地下气库的安全与使用。影响地下洞室稳定的因素很多,解析法虽然可以得到精确解,但是只能针对圆形洞室。而数值计算方法可以计算各种情况下围岩的应力、变形、塑性分布等情况。利用有限元分析软件分析了洞室形状对围岩稳定性的影响,确定了合理的洞形;讨论了围岩应力应变随深度的变化规律,以及不同的支护类型对围岩变形的影响,确定了经济合理的支护类型。最终为该地质条件下的洞室围岩稳定设计提供了依据。     

Long Waves Induced by Wave Groups over a Trench

The second order long waves of the mean water free surface displacement induced by the wave groups over a trench are discussed in this paper. The incident wave groups are supposed to be superposed by 2 linear waves with different amplitudes, phases and slightly different frequencies. Some of the theoretical formulas and numerical results are presented.     

近岸波浪引起的水流及长波研究进展

从现场观测、理论分析和数值计算、试验室研究三个方面回顾了近岸波浪引起水流以及长波的研究进展，并对今后着重研究的几个方向提出看法。     

基于GOCE梯度的地球引力场恢复(英文)

Given the second radial derivative Vr r ( P ) |S of the Earth’s gravitational potential V ( P ) on the surface S corresponding to the satellite altitude, by using the fictitious compress recovery method, a fictitious regular harmonic field rrVr r( P )* and a fictitious second radial gradient field Vr *r ( P) in the domain outside an inner sphere K i can be determined, which coincides with the real field Vr r( P ) in the domain outside the Earth. Vr *r ( P)could be further expressed as a uniformly convergent expansion series in the domain outside the inner sphere, because rrVr r( P )* could be expressed as a uniformly convergent spherical harmonic expansion series due to its regularity and harmony in that domain. In another aspect, the fictitious field V * ( P) defined in the domain outside the inner sphere, which coincides with the real field V ( P ) in the domain outside the Earth, could be also expressed as a spherical harmonic expansion series. Then, the harmonic coefficients contained in the series expressing V * ( P) can be determined, and consequently the real field V ( P ) is recovered. Preliminary simulation calculations show that the second radial gradient field Vr r( P ) could be recovered based only on the second radial derivative Vr r ( P )| S given on the satellite boundary. Concerning the final recovery of the potential field V ( P ) based only on the boundary value Vr r ( P )|S, the simulation tests are still in process.