《气象与环境科学》编辑委员会

介绍了用Grads软件绘制离散点气象要素等值线的方法以及Grads软件地图文件的存储格式,并以绘制长治地区雨量等值线图为例, 介绍了用Grads软件绘制离散点要素等值线的具体实现过程和脚本程序原代码.     

利用Grads软件绘制离散点要素等值线

介绍了用Grads软件绘制离散点气象要素等值线的方法以及Grads软件地图文件的存储格式,并以绘制长治地区雨量等值线图为例,介绍了用Grads软件绘制离散点要素等值线的具体实现过程和脚本程序原代码。     

Climate displacement and resettlement: the importance of claims-making ‘from below’

Climate-induced population displacement and resettlement is an ongoing problem around the world, and one that is being exacerbated by climate change. To date, most attempts to address this problem have taken a top-down approach in which international justice, legal and humanitarian frameworks are extended ‘downwards’ by policymakers and governments to local populations. However, there has been limited systematic work that emphasizes the abilities of affected peoples themselves to develop and formulate their own justice-based solutions. This paper presents an analytical framework for thinking about ‘bottom-up’ claims-making that emphasizes naming, blaming, claiming and framing. The framework enables claims-making to be distinguished from other forms of community-based agency, such as adaptation. The paper also suggests a normative framework to support policymakers and practitioners in helping communities facing displacement to make claims. The normative framework focuses on the barriers to, and opportunities for, claims-making ‘from below’.     

Minicistron from a gene of prawn white spot bacilliform virus (WSBV) and its expression

By the sequencing and analysis of genomic DNA and cDNA of WSBV, it was found that these existed a minicistnni in the leading sequence of p204 gene.The minicistron utilized rare oodons of genes from prawn and WSBV.The p204 gene could be expressed in Escherichia coli whether a miniciston exited in its leading sequence or not, but the amounts of the expressed products of them were different.The minicistron might be related to the expression of p204 gene.     

球管焦点选择对多排螺旋CT后颅凹成像图像质量的影响

目的：探讨球管大小焦点的选择对多排螺旋CT后颅凹成像图像质量的影响。材料和方法：采用Light Speed VCT（美国GE公司,探测器64×0.625mm,焦点大小0.6mm×0.7mm和0.9mm×0.9mm）多排螺旋CT,在保证其他扫描参数一致基础上,分别使用球管大、小焦点对20例志愿者后颅凹相同层面进行轴位扫描,所得图像调成相同窗宽、窗位后使用Kodak 8700干式激光打印机打印输出。由两位5年以上工作经验放射科医师分别对后颅凹层面的图像质量评价打分。阅片结果采用SPSS 11.5软件包进行组间Kappa检验及组内x^2检验。结果：两位医师对于后颅凹层面的图像质量评价结果具有一致性（Kappa值=0.57）,使用小焦点扫描颅底图像质量优于大焦点扫描（P〈0.05）。结论：多排螺旋CT使用小焦点扫描可以改善图像质量。     

丝绸地图的印前处理及技术研究

着重讨论丝绸地图印前处理的技术方法,针对丝印工艺的要求,对地图的分色方案进行分析,包括专色的使用、网线密度和网角的选择、叠印处理等;并以《澳门特别行政区及周边地区地图》(以下简称《澳门地图》)为例,介绍丝绸地图印前处理的具体过程。     

Analysis of the light curve of the magnetic CP star HD 56022

An examination of the published observational data concerning the light curves of magnetic CP stars has shown that only one star — HD 56022 — shows a light curve with a very long phase interval of light constancy. Only for this type of variability it is imaginable that the equatorial symmetry of the surface brightness distribution could be excluded. However, the analysis of the light curve of HD 56022 in the colour u of the Strömgren system has indicated that the possibly equatorial position of the small bright spot is not in contradiction to this observed curve. From the analysis in u the maximum amplitude of a light curve at another wavelength, where the curve is in counterphase to the light curve in u, can be predicted. The amplitude of such a light curve must be much smaller than 0.1 mag. From unpublished observations of HD 56022 by the satellites TD-1 A and ANS we have determined the amplitude at $LD = 155 nm, where the light curve is in counterphase to that in u, to be 0.2 mag. The consequences from the contradiction between the model and the observations in UV are discussed.     

基于携程网自由点评的游客满意度评价及游客管理研究——以黄山风景区为例

应用模糊评判的数学原理处理携程网的自由点评数据,在游客满意度的双因素理论基础上,采用晕轮效应方法实证分析了黄山风景区的游客满意度。即分析风景因素、价格因素和安全因素3项操作因素以及服务质量、拥挤程度和等待索道的时间3项表达因素,得出黄山风景区的游客满意度是4.48分,低于一般的满意度(5分),其中风景因素产生“正晕轮效应”,等待索道的时间和山顶食宿价格产生“负晕轮效应”。改进黄山风景区游客管理的关键在于促进徒步旅游、提供较舒适的游客排队方式以改善等待索道的环境,同时减少山顶饭店的过剩服务以降低食宿价格。     

V 361 Lyrae: An exotic binary system with a “Hot Spot” between the components?

A phenomenological model for V 361 Lyr is proposed. Probably it is a binary system which consists of a mass accreting primary star with mass of about M₁ ≈ 0·81 M⊙ and radius R₁ ≈ (6.1 ± 0·4) · 10¹⁰ cm and a mass losing secondary with about M₂ ≈ 0·77 M⊙ and R₂ ≈ 5.8 · 10¹⁰ cm. The secondary fills its Roche lobe, but the primary is something smaller than this lobe, contrary to the models of W UMa-type systems. So the hot spot appears in the atmosphere of the primary, but not in a disk, like in cataclysmic variables. The luminosity of the hot spot, L = (6-15) · 10³² erg/s, is large enough to be the main emission source of the system in visible light. So phenomenologically the object may be somewhat between W UMa-type stars and cataclysmic variables.     

中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)的白点综合征病毒(WSSV)的提纯和核酸提取

作者从发生白点综合征的中国对虾中,提取了一株白点综合征病毒,用电镜对纯化的病毒进行了形态学观察,并对病毒纯化过程中蛋白酶抑制剂的使用及离心速度的选择进行了探讨。经蔗糖密度梯度离心,分取各带负染后电镜观察,病毒条带位于４０％～５０％蔗糖梯度之间,其完整毒粒长２２５～２７０ｎｍ,直径７５～８８ｎｍ,有的完整毒粒带有很长的尾,病毒衣壳长２５０～３２０ｎｍ,直径６０～８０ｎｍ。在匀浆使用的缓冲液中加入蛋白酶抑制剂ＰＭＳＦ,可得到完整的带包膜的病毒颗粒,比不使用ＰＭＳＦ的提纯效果要好。经３０００ｒ／ｍｉｎ离心５ｍｉｎ,５０００ｒ／ｍｉｎ离心２５ｍｉｎ,去除大部分的组织碎片,经１００００ｒ／ｍｉｎ离心１ｈ,可使大部分病毒沉淀。并采用传统的方法对病毒核酸进行了提取,其基因组经初步分析为ｄｓＤＮＡ。