Analytical solution to 1D coupled water infiltration and deformation in unsaturated soils

An analytical solution to 1D coupled water infiltration and deformation is derived using a Fourier integral transform. Exponential functional forms are used to represent the hydraulic conductivity–pore‐water pressure relationship and the soil‐water characteristic curve. Fredlund's incremental‐linear constitutive model for unsaturated soils is adopted. The analytical solution considers arbitrary initial pore‐water pressure distributions and flux and pressure boundary conditions. The corresponding analytical solutions to coupled steady‐state problems are also obtained. The analytical solutions demonstrate that the coupling of seepage and deformation plays an important role in water infiltration in unsaturated soils. In the early stages of infiltration, the difference between uncoupled and coupled conditions becomes marked over time, and in late stages, the difference caused by the coupling effects diminishes toward the steady state. The difference between the uncoupled and coupled conditions increases with decreasing desaturation coefficient (α). Pore‐water pressure or deformation changes caused by the coupling effects are mainly controlled by the degree of soil volume change due to a change in soil suction (H). The smaller the absolute value of H, the greater the effect of coupling on the infiltration and deformation. The ratio of rainfall intensity to saturated permeability (q/k_s) also has a strong influence on the coupled seepage and deformation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

渗流监测数据缺失处理与渗透稳定判断

由于地下岩体条件复杂,渗流监测数据缺失现象普遍存在。为了在时间和空间上对地下渗流场进行全面分析,需要对缺失数据进行补充。提出了三类缺失数据的插补方法,对时间序列、空间断面以及区域整体的缺失数据分别用监测统计模型、物理因子修正和反演进行了有效的补充,反映了缺失数据的规律和时间、空间因素对监测数据的影响,最终可得完整、全面的渗流场,并通过反演渗流场对渗透稳定进行判断,为工程评价提供了依据。将该方法用于天荒坪电站缺失数据的插补,结果有效地插补了缺失数据,最终的反演渗流场能够判断渗透破坏可能发生的部位,对工程加固措施具有指导意义。     

土质边坡的饱和−非饱和渗流分析及特殊应力修正

基于连续多孔介质原理与混合体原理引入流?固耦合模型,采用FISH语言编制程序,建立了初始渗流场设置函数、饱和?非饱和渗流分析模块、特殊应力修正模块以及非饱和单元抗剪强度修正模块,实现了利用FLAC3D进行饱和?非饱和渗流分析,同时基于饱和?非饱和渗流场修正非饱和区土体单元的有效应力以及抗剪强度,完成了将FLAC3D中饱和土流?固耦合计算原理扩展到非饱和土中。在二次开发的分析模块基础上对Liakopoulos砂柱排水试验进行数值模拟,验证了计算模型和计算程序的正确性。同时也研究了降雨入渗对土质边坡的渗流场、位移场以及稳定性演变过程的影响,揭示了降雨诱发边坡失稳的机制。     

滤管两端均不在含水层层面的承压不完整井近似计算方法研究

不完整井在实际工程中应用广泛,且存在某些承压不完整井,其滤管顶、底均不在含水层层面,不能直接按常规的方法进行计算。可根据流线图中的水平流线对渗流场分层后进行简化计算,但分层位置的确定非常困难。因此,提出了简便可行的渗流场分层方法,包括假设上下部渗流场渗径相等的等渗径改进方法、假设上下部渗流场中井滤管长度与其含水层厚度比值相等的等比例改进方法和以等比例方法为基础的等效阻力法,并以此为基础对计算简便、精度较高的沙金煊公式进行完善,得到了适用于滤管顶、底均不在含水层层面的承压不完整井近似计算方法。经过算例验证和与有限元比较,该方法计算精度较高,实用性较强。     

新疆伊犁盆地巩留凹陷航空高光谱油气探测

为了进一步了解伊犁盆地巩留凹陷油气勘探潜力,为该地区下一步油气勘查提供依据和新的技术支持,利用航空高光谱SASI数据,采用混合调制匹配滤波(MTMF)方法,在伊犁盆地阿吾拉勒西段山前提取了油气烃信息,主要分布在二叠系晓山萨依组,反映了油页岩层的分布和油气渗漏地段,地表油气渗漏主要受断裂控制,与油气渗漏有关的蚀变主要为粘土化,碳酸盐化次之。在巩留凹陷提取了粘土化和碳酸盐化信息,主要分布在拜石墩与阿克吐别克乡之间,通过干扰因素的排除,在拜石墩南部筛选了四片油气微渗漏区。最后,结合区域地质、物探资料综合分析,认为该地区油气成藏和排烃可能始于燕山早期,在喜山期遭到严重破坏,盆地的不对称压陷,加速了油气的垂直和侧向运移,在盆地内部形成微渗漏,在阿吾拉勒山前沿着断裂逸散至地表形成宏渗漏,巩留凹陷拜石墩南部微渗漏地区对应深部二叠系褶皱带是下一步油气勘查有利目标区。     

物探方法在水库坝基渗漏勘探中的应用

近年来物探方法在坝基勘探、活断层探测、溶洞探测和基础检测等工程中得到广泛应用,并取得了令人瞩目的成绩。本文介绍了在某水库坝基渗漏勘探开展物探工作的情况,取得了满意的结果,表明应用多种物探方法对解决工程问题具有较好的效果。     

Research Progress of Seafloor Pockmarks in Spatio-Temporal Distribution and Classification

Seafloor pockmarks are important indicators of submarine methane seepages and slope instabilities.In order to promote the understanding of submarine pockmarks and their relationship with sediment instabilities and climate changes,here we summarize the research results of pockmarks in the spatio-temporal distributions and shaping factors.Most of pockmarks occur along active or passive continental margins during the last 25 kyr B.P..Circular and ellipse are the most common forms of pockmarks,whereas pockmarks in a special crescent or elongated shape are indicators of slope instabilities,and ring-shape pockmarks are endemic to the gas hydrate zones.Further researches should be focused on the trigger mechanism of climate changes based on the pockmarks in the high latitudes formed during the deglaciation periods,and the role of gas hydrates in the seafloor evolution should be elucidated.In addition,the feature of pockmarks at their early stage(e.g.,developing gas chimneys and gas driving sedimentary doming)and the relations between pockmarks and mass movements,mud diapirs could be further studied to clarify the influences of rapid methane release from submarine sediments on the atmospheric carbon contents.     

非混溶饱和两相渗流与孔隙介质耦合作用的理论研究——数学模型

基于连续介质力学的一般理论,在黑油多相渗流理论模型的基础上,推导了非混溶饱和两相渗流与变形孔隙介质耦合作用的数学模型方程,并对流固耦合效应进行了初步的讨论     

城市化对地下水流系统的影响

随着世界经济的飞速发展和人口增长,城市的规模和数量也在急剧增加,城市化的趋势变得日益明显,尤其在发展中国家。在这一过程中,地下水所扮演的角色越来越重要,揭示城市化与地下水各方面之间的相互影响规律以实现其可持续发展,成为一个全球性的重要研究课题。本文在分析世界城市人口增长规律和地下水对城市供水的重要性基础上;以三个典型示范城市为例,进一步具体探讨了城市化对地下水补给与地下水流系统的影响。最后认为,城市化会引起地下水补给量的增加;但城市大规模和经常性毫无节制地开采地下水可产生明显的地下水位下降、地面沉降和盐水入侵而导致地下水流系统的剧烈改变。