长白山天池火山区长白-敦化剖面结晶基底的探测和研究

时间项分析法中，应用广义最小二乘法进行反演，对长白山天池火山区岩浆系统的长白—敦化(L1)剖面的Pg波到时进行了计算处理，得到了Pg波时间项及基底速度值；取上部地壳的介质平均速度为4．5km/s，经反演求得了各点的深度值，给出了长白山天池火山区结晶基底的厚度分布。结晶基底厚度一般在2．0km左右，而在长白山天池下方结晶基底最厚处接近4．0km；在万宝和敦化附近各有一不太明显的凹陷，其原因可能与在这两个位置处有几条断裂穿过有关。     

断层围陷波观测和应用

断层围陷波的观测特点是利用密集的地震台阵,横跨断层布设测线。可以利用爆炸震源也可以利用余震进行观测,本文分别介绍了实际观测的例子。对大地震破裂带内部的观测,测线位置通常布设在地表破裂带明显、已开挖了地震探槽、断层陡坎出露等地震地质的典型地段。利用爆炸震源激发观测断层围陷波,震源位置应尽量选择在断层带上,震源炸药量大约500kg,测线位置与震源的距离大约5—15km。断层围陷波在新破裂带和老的断层中都能形成和传播,因此该方法可以用于大震破裂带研究,也可以用于城市活断层探测。     

Securing the Neoliberal City: Discourses of Creativity and Priority Neighborhoods in Toronto,Canada

This paper examines the convergence between the discourse of the creative city and the discourse on priority neighborhoods within urban policy imaginaries in Toronto, Canada. In particular, it examines the development of a number of arts programs targeted at low-income neighborhoods in the city. The twin objectives of these programs are to (a) foster creative and entrepreneurial subjectivities among “at-risk” youth, and (b) reduce the risk of violence that is presumed to be associated with youths living in poor neighborhoods. The paper analyzes how these two discourses are intertwined in a neoliberal politics devoted to enhancing regional quality-of-life competitiveness and to branding Toronto as an attractive creative-class destination. [Key words: creative city, poverty, low-income neighborhoods, neoliberalism, Toronto.]     

渤海湾西北岸滨海湖埋藏牡蛎礁硅藻及其记录的古环境

对位于渤海湾西北岸平原的滨海湖埋藏牡蛎礁中各层牡蛎壳的泥质充填物做硅藻分析,整个牡蛎礁中海水砂质潮间带指标种标志种的Auliscus caelatus含量较高,为19%~42%,表明滨海湖礁体形成于潮间带环境。根据主要硅藻含量的变化,结合14C测年,自下而上将礁体发育期间的古环境分为3个带:I带为2 445~2 327 cal.aBP,礁体在向上建礁的过程中,海水作用逐渐减弱,潮间带特征愈加明显,为受河流影响较强且较为开放的潟湖潮间带环境;Ⅱ带咸水种硅藻Thalassionema nitzschioides的比例急剧增加;外洋指标种的Coscinodiscus spp.和Actinocyclus spp.急剧下降,表明在约2 327 cal.aBP,海岸带砂嘴闭合,形成较为封闭的潟湖内侧潮间带环境,且河流作用减弱导致潟湖的咸度明显增加;Ⅲ带为2 327~2 287 cal.aBP,由封闭的潟湖环境又转向较开放的潟湖潮间带环境。     

西藏拉萨桑达地区第四纪植硅体组合特征

测制西藏拉萨桑达乡第四系剖面,系统采集并分析植硅体样品,根据植硅体的形态分类及组合、温暖指数等特征,划分为5个植硅体组合带:Ⅰ为齿型-平滑棒型、石屑型、网脊块状,反映气温温凉;Ⅱ为长方型-平滑棒型、多面体型,气候转暖;Ⅲ为长方型、齿型-平滑棒型组合带,气候干旱; Ⅳ为长方型-亚铃型、齿型-平滑棒型、多面体型组合带,气候温暖潮湿;Ⅴ为齿型、帽型-平滑棒型、多面体型、石屑组合带,显示气候寒冷。探讨拉萨桑达地区第四纪古植被 、古环境。     

关于蓟县型中、上元古界沉积环境及内蒙地轴的性质

内蒙地轴和燕辽坳都是华北地台北缘的二级大地构单元,本文在对蓟县型中、上元古界沉积环境和对内蒙地轴演化历史的初步研究基础上,认为蓟县型中、上元古界沉积盆地于长城－蓟县期,在北部与广海相连,属于陆表海发展,在青白口期,由于北部逐渐抬升,该沉积盆地才具有陆内盆地性质,内蒙地轴在长城－蓟县期总体处于水下环境,青白口爰开始抬升为古陆,其大规模抬升可能是在古生代或更晚。     

Structural and remote sensing studies of the southern Betsimisaraka Suture, Madagascar

An assessment of the southern Betsimisaraka Suture (B.S.) of southeastern Madagascar using remote sensing and field investigation reveals a complex deformation history. Image processing of Landsat ETM+data and JERS-I Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery was integrated with field observations of structural geology and field petrography. The southern B.S. divides the Precambrian basement rocks of Madagascar in two parts. The western part includes Proterozoic rocks whereas the eastern part is an Archean block, named the Masora block. The southern part of the B.S. includes high-grade metamorphic rocks, recording strong deformation and has mineral deposits including chromite, nickel, and emerald, characteristic of oceanic material that is compatible with a suture zone.Large-scale structural features indicate ductile deformation including three generations of folding (F1, F2, and F3) associated with dextral shearing. The first folding event (F1) shows a succession of folds with NE striking axial planes. The second folding event (F2) mainly has north–south striking axial planes and the last event (F3) is represented by mega folds that have ENE–WSW axial plane directions and have NNW and SSE contractional strain patterns. Closure of the Mozambique Ocean between two components of Gondwana sandwiched rocks of the B.S. and formed upright folds and shortening zones which produced N–S trending lineaments. Later dextral movements followed the contraction and formed NW–SE trending lineaments and N–S trending normal faults associated with dextral strike slip faults and fractures.     

缅甸钦敦-睡宝盆地火山岛弧带沉积环境分析

缅甸钦敦-睡宝盆地在上新世之前的沉积相主体由东北部的海岸平原向西南逐渐过渡到滨浅海,三角洲相对不发育,火山岩呈南北向断续分布在盆地的中部。构造运动、火山活动和海平面升降决定了火山岛弧带的沉积环境。宽缓的构造背景是形成海岸平原-滨浅海沉积环境的决定因素;岛弧带的火山活动自白垩纪至中新世整体表现出较持续的喷发,形成的火山碎屑不仅参与了正常的地层沉积,还对古生物的繁殖和化石的保存起到破坏作用。海平面升降也是控制沉积体系展布的重要因素。     

STRESS-METAMORPHISM AND ISOTOPIC AGE OF SHEAR ZONE GRANITOID TECTONITES OF IRTYSH SHEAR ZONE (ALTAI REGION)

The Irtysh shear zone (ISZ) of Altai region is the lineament structure of the collision-suture type, where granites of Kalba complex and granodiorites of Zmeinogorsk complex are exposed to regional gneiss-formation and stress-metamorphic alterations. This study is based on detailed structural observations at special grounds using optical and electron microscopy, and on the behavior analysis of isotopic systems from altered granitoids.Within the ISZ area we have established the continuous rows of granitoid stress-metamorphism from initial recrystallization of protolite, its cataclasis and mechanical flaring up to complete recrystallization with alteration of mineral composition and formation of the streaky complexes of granite tectonites of blastomylonite and blastocataclasite types. The directed alteration of rocks has several impulse and is expressed by a change in morphology of mineral grains and their relations, magnification of deformation component in the rock structure, and formation of new mineral phases on the basis of initial ones without surface fluidization. At transformation of isotopic systems from granitoid, their feldspars,biotite and hornblende, we can observe “rejuvenation“ of the rock substrate from 270- 290 Ma for Kalba granitoids to 220-235 Ma for their tectonites, and for Rudny Altai granodiorites, their ages changes from 285-317 Ma to 232-257 Ma for their tectonites.     

新疆甜水海地区铅锌矿成矿远景分析

新疆西昆仑甜水海地区位于乔尔天山-岔路口断裂带上,是新疆铅锌矿的重要富集区,成矿地质条件优越,已发现的矿(点)床达十余处。本次通过分析甜水海地区区域地质特征、地球化学特征及遥感异常特征等,划出2个铅锌矿成矿远景区,成矿层位主要为断裂带上的蚀变岩地层,矿床类型重点为层控型铅锌矿,找矿标志主要为构造破碎带周围白垩纪或侏罗纪地层及Pb、Zn化学元素异常区。