地震作用下挡土墙主动土压力及转动位移分析

分析地震引起的挡土墙位移及墙后土压力,对于评估挡土墙可靠性具有重要意义。基于拟动力法,考虑时效、地震波传播的相位差、超载、墙背摩擦角、填土黏聚力以及填土开裂等影响,建立地震作用下挡土墙主动土压力计算模型,获得挡土墙绕墙趾转动模式下主动土压力大小、分布形式及作用点高度。同时,考虑挡土墙本身受地震荷载作用的影响,求出挡土墙绕墙趾的转动位移。通过与Mononobe-Okabe法对比可知,文中获得的主动土压力值与Mononobe-Okabe法接近,但Mononobe-Okabe法低估了主动土压力作用点高度,表明采用Mononobe-Okabe法设计存在风险。通过算例分析了地震系数、墙背摩擦系数、超载大小、时间、填土黏聚力和内摩擦角对挡土墙转动位移的影响。     

上海天文台25m天线驱动系统的探讨

对中国科学院上海天文台 2 5m天线的驱动结构进行了分析。并对该天线的方位速度及使用更多电机同时驱动天线方面的问题进行了探讨     

长期极移的成因

依据宋贯一等(2006)发表的"极移的成因及其移动特征"一文中的研究成果,对其中极移反向(由东向西)运动的时问分布进一步研究得知:在地球公转所处的四季位置中,自转极(北极)反向运动时间仅发生在当年的11月1日(立冬日为11月7、8日)到第二年的2月15日(立春日为2月4、5日)这一段时间之内;其它时间(季节)均为自转极正向(由西向东)运动时段.对比冬至日前后和夏至目前后极移的运动方向可知,它们相对太阳的运动方向虽然相反,由于它们分别处在轨道的东、西方向的两侧,从空间上看来,它们的运动方向却是一致的(即都是向自转极以西运动).基于上述原因,经过一个回归年的太阳光压激发之后,极移运动轨迹的年平均位置向CIO(国际极点)的西侧移动了.在下一个周年期激发时段,上述现象将在上一回归年极移年平均位置的基础上继续进行,逐年累积即形成长期极移.这就是周年期激发机制引起的长期极移及观测的极移运动轨迹均落在CIO西侧的原因.     

基于纯转动Raman激光雷达的中低空大气温度高精度探测

本文介绍了一套纯转动Raman测温激光雷达系统,通过高分辨光谱分光与滤光优化设计、收发精确匹配以及弱信号检测等技术,实现在武汉城市上空从10 km至40 km的中低空大气温度高精度探测.观测结果与同时段探空气球进行比对,在30 km以下激光雷达探测温度与探空气球得到的温度数据吻合较好,最大偏差约为3.0 K,表明了该激光雷达温度测量的可靠性.采用30 min时间分辨率,在10~20 km高度范围内温度统计误差约为0.3 K(300 m空间分辨);20~30 km统计误差约为0.8 K (600 m空间分辨);30~40 km统计误差约为3.0 K(900 m空间分辨).通过整晚的温度廓线反演,为研究中低层大气中的波动现象提供依据.该转动Raman激光雷达实现了至40 km高度的高精度大气温度探测,进一步可与Rayleigh测温激光雷达30~80 km的高度衔接,为实现中低层大气连续观测研究提供了重要手段.     

Study on relationship between deep and shallow structures along north boundary fault of Yanqing-Fanshan basin

IntroductionTheYanqing-Huailaibasin,whichconsistsoftheYanqing-FanshanandHuailai-Zhuolusub-basins,ismainlycontrolledbythenorthboundaryfaultsofthesub-basins.AsabasictectonicunitattheintersectionofthenortheasternendoftheNNE-trendingShanxigrabensystemandtheNW-trendingZhangjiakou-Penglaifaultzone,ithaskepttheintensivetectonicactivityintheQuaternary(YANG,1982;XU,DENG,1988;XU,MA,1992;FANG,etal,1993;Pavlides,etal,1999).Overthepastdecade,manyresearchershaveconductedstudiesonthedetailedstr…     

Motion close to the Hopf Bifurcation Of the vertical family of periodic orbits of L4

The paper deals with different kinds of invariant motions (periodic orbits, 2D and 3D invariant tori and invariant manifolds of periodic orbits) in order to analyze the Hamiltonian direct Hopf bifurcation that takes place close to the Lyapunov vertical family of periodic orbits of the triangular equilibrium point L₄ in the 3D restricted three-body problem (RTBP) for the mass parameter, μ greater than (and close to) μ_R (Routh’s mass parameter). Consequences of such bifurcation, concerning the confinement of the motion close to the hyperbolic orbits and the 3D nearby tori are also described.     

STUDY ON INTER-DECADAL AND INTER-ANNUAL VARIABILITY OF SST IN THE TROPICAL OCEANS

Based on rotational empirical orthogonal function(REOF),max-entropy and Mexico-hatwavelet transform techniques,monthly SSTA of the tropical Pacific,Atlantic and Indian Oceans(32.5°S—32. 5°N)is investigated.It is shown that the inter-decadal variability and inter-annualvariability take on global scale,and there exist their own significance areas.Moreover,throughthe total time series,the intensity of the variabilities is time-variable.And in fact,both thevariabilities are usually coexistent.In significance areas of each of the variabilities,anothervariability is sometimes quite strong.     

Reconstitution des apports en éléments traces métalliques et bilan de leur migration dans un Luvisol sableux soumis à 100 ans d'irrigation massive par des eaux usées brutes

Raw wastewaters were massively spread on sandy luvisols near Paris from 1899 to 2002, leading to high trace metals (TM) pollution of soils. Mass balance calculations were performed on a soil profile to assess vertical migration of TM. The contamination was estimated by subtracting the natural pedo-geochemical background of the horizons. TM inputs were estimated using Cr as an invariant. It is shown that Pb and Cr remained in the surface horizon, while Ni, Cd, Cu and Zn migrated downward, being more or less trapped depending on the physicochemical properties of the horizons. To cite this article: C. Dère et al., C. R. Geoscience 338 (2006).     

A new method for the derivation of the closed nets in the phase diagram space of multisystems. I. The absent phase substitution method

A new convenient combinatorial method is developed here to derive the invariant points in multisystem closed nets – the absent phase substitution (APS) method. It substantially simplifies the derivation of the closed nets in multisystems with many components and phases. For the multisystems whose total phase number (N_PS) ≤ twice the number of the absent phases (m) in an invariant assemblage, the method can yield regular closed nets with or without globally absent phases; for other multisystems, the method can yield the regular closed nets with globally absent phases. As examples, the APS method was used to predict: (1) the regular closed nets of unary to quinary n + 4‐phase multisystems, unary 6‐phase multisystem and ternary 8‐phase multisystem; (2) the basic properties of the regular closed nets of the quaternary and quinary multisystems with n + 4 and n + 5 phases. Two multisystems were chosen to demonstrate how to select a realistic closed net from the numerous possible closed nets of a complex multisystem, and how to derive a realistic partially closed‐net, closed‐net‐diagram and the related realistic straight‐line‐net‐diagram. Comparisons of our APS method for the derivation of complicated closed nets with other methods indicate that this method is much simpler and more efficient.     

行星运动与太阳自转角速度22年周期变化

Tlatov(2007)研究认为,太阳活动和太阳磁场变化的22年周期,可能与太阳自转速度的变化有关.可是关于太阳自转速度为什么呈现出22年的变化周期,尚未见到有说服力的解释.本文通过对行星会合指数、行星系质心绕太阳系质心的运动、太阳绕太阳系质心运动以及太阳自转角动量变化的分析,发现行星系统的会合与相互背离,导致了太阳系质心与太阳质心的背离和靠近,从而引发太阳绕太阳系质心旋转角动量与太阳自转角动量的分离与叠加.由此认为,这两种角动量间的转换是太阳自转角速度呈现22年周期性变化的原因.太阳自转速度极小值对应于行星会合指数极大值;而太阳自转速度极大值对应行星会合指数极小值.其中平均11年左右为太阳自转加速期,另外11年则为太阳自转减速期.这一发现,可能为太阳活动与太阳磁场变化22年周期的成因机制的解释提供一个新的线索.