全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6142篇 |
免费 | 947篇 |
国内免费 | 866篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 472篇 |
大气科学 | 838篇 |
地球物理 | 1669篇 |
地质学 | 2510篇 |
海洋学 | 875篇 |
天文学 | 8篇 |
综合类 | 372篇 |
自然地理 | 1211篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 43篇 |
2023年 | 107篇 |
2022年 | 233篇 |
2021年 | 278篇 |
2020年 | 277篇 |
2019年 | 312篇 |
2018年 | 238篇 |
2017年 | 295篇 |
2016年 | 310篇 |
2015年 | 284篇 |
2014年 | 468篇 |
2013年 | 476篇 |
2012年 | 406篇 |
2011年 | 402篇 |
2010年 | 365篇 |
2009年 | 362篇 |
2008年 | 396篇 |
2007年 | 385篇 |
2006年 | 391篇 |
2005年 | 291篇 |
2004年 | 248篇 |
2003年 | 208篇 |
2002年 | 217篇 |
2001年 | 143篇 |
2000年 | 122篇 |
1999年 | 105篇 |
1998年 | 110篇 |
1997年 | 62篇 |
1996年 | 84篇 |
1995年 | 76篇 |
1994年 | 68篇 |
1993年 | 57篇 |
1992年 | 55篇 |
1991年 | 20篇 |
1990年 | 11篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 9篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有7955条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Joanne Poon Clive S. Fraser Zhang Chunsun Zhang Li Armin Gruen 《The Photogrammetric Record》2005,20(110):162-171
The growing applications of digital surface models (DSMs) for object detection, segmentation and representation of terrestrial landscapes have provided impetus for further automation of 3D spatial information extraction processes. While new technologies such as lidar are available for almost instant DSM generation, the use of stereoscopic high-resolution satellite imagery (HRSI), coupled with image matching, affords cost-effective measurement of surface topography over large coverage areas. This investigation explores the potential of IKONOS Geo stereo imagery for producing DSMs using an alternative sensor orientation model, namely bias-corrected rational polynomial coefficients (RPCs), and a hybrid image-matching algorithm. To serve both as a reference surface and a basis for comparison, a lidar DSM was employed in the Hobart testfield, a region of differing terrain types and slope. In order to take topographic variation within the modelled surface into account, the lidar strip was divided into separate sub-areas representing differing land cover types. It is shown that over topographically diverse areas, heighting accuracy to better than 3 pixels can be readily achieved. Results improve markedly in feature-rich open and relatively flat terrain, with sub-pixel accuracy being achieved at check points surveyed using the global positioning system (GPS). This assessment demonstrates that the outlook for DSM generation from HRSI is very promising. 相似文献
102.
A multidisciplinary multi-scale framework for assessing vulnerabilities to global change 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Marc J. Metzger Rik Leemans Dagmar Schrter 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2005,7(4):253-267
Terrestrial ecosystems provide a number of vital services for people and society, such as food, fibre, water resources, carbon sequestration, and recreation. The future capability of ecosystems to provide these services is determined by changes in socio-economic factors, land use, atmospheric composition, and climate. Most impact assessments do not quantify the vulnerability of ecosystems and ecosystem services under such environmental change. They cannot answer important policy-relevant questions such as 'Which are the main regions or sectors that are most vulnerable to global change?’ 'How do the vulnerabilities of two regions compare?’ 'Which scenario is the least harmful for a sector?’This paper describes a new approach to vulnerability assessment developed by the Advanced Terrestrial Ecosystem Analysis and Modelling (ATEAM) project. Different ecosystem models, covering biodiversity, agriculture, forestry, hydrology, and carbon sequestration are fed with the same Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios based on the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES). Each model gives insights into specific ecosystems, as in traditional impact assessments. Moreover, by integrating the results in a vulnerability assessment, the policy-relevant questions listed above can also be addressed. A statistically derived European environmental stratification forms a key element in the vulnerability assessment. By linking it to other quantitative environmental stratifications, comparisons can be made using data from different assessments and spatial scales. 相似文献
103.
矿产勘查与评估的统计地球化学方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
统计地球化学在矿产勘查与评估中的应用,主要包括采术规则,临界品位计算,资源量/储量公式,边界品位确定,网度判别,矿床经济分类以及矿床开发风险等内容。 相似文献
104.
可持续发展评估指标、方法及应用研究 总被引:31,自引:1,他引:31
可持续发展评估指标及方法研究是可持续发展定量评估研究的基础,是实施可持续发展管理的依据,是生态经济学与可持续发展研究的前沿领域和热点问题之一. 在概括介绍可持续发展评估的工具--指标/指数的概念和功能、国际上代表性可持续发展研究机构指标选取的原则的基础上,全面分析归纳了可持续发展指标(体系)的类型及其框架模式. 详细介绍了联合国可持续发展委员会(UNCSD)、经济合作与发展组织(OECD)、世界保护同盟(IUCN)、世界银行等国际上代表性机构的可持续发展系统性指标体系的最新研究进展,并分析了这些系统性指标体系的优缺点. 深入分析了国际上典型的社会发展类、经济发展类、生态环境类可持续发展指标(指数)的研究、开发与实际评估应用的情况. 最后,总结了当前可持续发展指标(体系)研究的特点与趋势. 相似文献
105.
基于栅格空间信息定量化的湖南西部地区生态环境综合评价 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
以湖南西部地区为研究区域,采用遥感影像作为主要数据源,针对区域主要生态问题,利用栅格数据结构为主的数字环境模型,建立了生态环境质量综合评价模型. 对区域生态环境质量的空间分异格局进行了研究,通过将评价结果与数字高程模型迭加分析,研究了生态环境质量的垂直地带性分布规律,探索适合以山高坡陡为主要地貌特征的山区生态评价方法,结果显示,湖南西部地区生态环境综合指数呈正态分布,大部分地区环境质量属一般. 总体环境状况东南部好于西北部,河谷盆地优于山地. 研究表明,利用遥感和地理信息系统技术进行区域生态环境评价,具有数据采集快速、客观,评价和制图自动化,评价结果空间定位精度高,直观性与实用性强等优点. 相似文献
106.
四平地区生态地质环境的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对四平地区生态地质环境的调查,对该区水、土壤、大气、区域稳定性、生态资源、地层条件、放射性、矿藏、地方病、旅游地质及垃圾等进行环境现状综合评价。利用ISODATA模糊聚类分析法对该区的生态地质环境质量进行了分区。并利用面积加权法计算出该区的生态地质环境质量评价结果为中上等水平。 相似文献
107.
108.
The paper first recalls briefly a methodological framework to assess landslide hazard and risk analysis in terms of predisposition, triggering andrevealing factors. This framework, that reflects the mechanisms involved in the landslide, is based on the Geotechnical Characterisation of slope movements proposed by Vaunat et al. (1994) and Leroueil et al. (1996). The Geotechnical Characterisation can be schematized by a 3-D matrix having the following axes: types of movement; types ofmaterial; and the four stages of movement: pre-failure, failure, post-failure andreactivation. For each relevant element of this 3-D matrix, there is a characterisationsheet including: the controlling laws and parameters, the predisposition factors, thetriggering or aggravating factors, the revealing factors and the consequences of the movement. The paper focuses afterwards on the post-failure stage, which generallyis the most destructive, and on the mobility index. It is shown that this laterindex can be described as the product of sub-indices associated with failure, brittlenessof the material, ability of the soil to develop pore pressures, geometry of the moving soil mass and characteristics of the terrain. It is also shown how these aspectscan be incorporated into the Geotechnical characterisation of slope movements. This seems to provide a rational basis for examining slope movements at the post-failure stage and assessing associated risks. 相似文献
109.
This paper assesses the agricultural land resources of Guiyang City by means of GIS,on the basis of the pressure-state-response model in which soil heavy metal contamination is selected as a pressure indicatror.he results suggest that most of the agricultural land resources are of good quality,However,there are 17.11km^2 dry land and paddy field,which belong to the region of serious heavy metal contamination and are not fit for planting crops.At the same time,the high quality plowland,which is suitable for cultivation,has decreased nearly by 1/3 due to soil heavy metal contamination.These findings may improve our understanding that it is very important to prevent and cure heavy metal contamination of Guiyang City. 相似文献
110.
Seismic Hazard for Selected Sites in Greece: A Bayesian Estimate of Seismic Peak Ground Acceleration 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
A procedure for estimating maximum values of seismic peak ground accelerationat the examined site and quantiles of its probabilistic distribution in a future timeinterval of a given length is considered. The input information for the method areseismic catalog and regression relation between peak seismic acceleration at a givenpoint and magnitude and distance from the site to epicenter (seismic attenuation law).The method is based on Bayesian approach, which simply accounts for influenceof uncertainties of seismic acceleration values. The main assumptions for the method are Poissonian character of seismic events flow and distribution law of Gutenberg-Richter's type. The method is applied to seismic hazard estimation in six selected sitesin Greece. 相似文献