About the periodic solutions of a rigid body in a central Newtonian field

The equations of motion of a rigid body about a fixed point in a central Newtonian field is reduced to the equation of plane motion under the action of potential and gyroscopic forces, using the isothermal coordinates on the inertia ellipsoid.The construction of periodic solutions near the equilibrium points, by using the Lipaunov theorem of holomorphic integral, is obtained and the necessary and sufficient conditions for the stability of the system are given.     

on the role of nonthermal electrons in EUV and X-ray line emissions from solar flares

The energy and angular distribution of electrons as a function of column densities initially for monoenergetic and monodirectional electron beams and incidence angles of 0‡, 30‡ and 60‡ have been studied by combining small angle scattering using analytical treatment with large angle collisions using Monte Carlo calculations. Using these distributions, X-ray and EUV-line flux have been studied as a function of column density. It is observed that the line flux increases with the increase in column density, becoming significant at intermediate column densities where the electron energies and angular distributions have a non-Maxwellian nature.     

The Anisotropic Schwarzschild-Type Problem, Main Features

The two-body problem associated to an anisotropic Schwarzschild-type field is being tackled. Both the motion equations and the energy integral are regularized via McGehee-type transformations. The regular vector field exhibits nice symmetries that form a commutative group endowed with an idempotent structure. The physically fictitious flows on the collision and infinity manifolds, as well as the local flows in the neighbourhood of these manifolds, are fully described. Homothetic, spiral, and oscillatory orbits are pointed out. Some features of the global flow are depicted for all possible levels of energy. For the negative-energy case, few things have been done. The positive-energy global flow does not have zero-velocity curves; every orbit is of the type ejection – escape or capture – collision. In the zero-energy case, the collision and infinity manifolds have a very similar structure. The existence of eight trajectories that connect the equilibria on these manifolds is proved. The projectability of the zero-energy global flow completes the full understanding of the problem in this case.     

阳伽玛射线谱与元素丰度

耀斑伽玛射线谱中包含着作用区太阳大气元素丰度及加速高能粒子元素丰度的重要信息．综述了这一刚刚兴起的伽玛射线谱诊断元素丰度的新领域及其所获得的若干新结果．     

基于X波段双偏振雷达的贵州威宁一次冰雹过程水成物粒子识别研究

利用贵州威宁雪山X波段双偏振天气雷达一次冰雹过程观测资料,基于MATLAB软件对雷达观测数据进行数据质量控制基础上利用模糊逻辑算法对冰雹云中水成物粒子进行识别分类,主要结论如下：（1）采用综合小波去噪能够有效去除差分传播相位（ФDP）存才的脉动和毛刺,保证ФDP的连续性和平滑度,保留有效ФDP值,其用于雷达反射率因子衰减订正具有较好的效果。（2）冰雹形成与低密度霰（LDG）、高密度霰（HDG）以及过冷水（SCW）的增减演变较为对应,霰粒子是冰雹形成的关键粒子。（3）从霰粒子出现到识别出冰雹时间为26 min,约4个体扫时间,从识别出冰雹到地面观测到降雹32 min,约5个体扫时间。（4）冰雹识别结果与地面观测总体一致,所构建的识别参量阈值基本合理,研究所构建的粒子相态识别方法在贵州威宁具有普适性,可为冰雹早起识别、预警和人工防雹作业提供技术和理论支撑。     

球形粒子毫米波k-Z关系研究

由于毫米波更接近云粒子尺度,毫米波雷达越来越多地被用来探测云粒子及尺度较小的降水粒子.但是,在使用毫米波雷达探测时,要考虑云和降水粒子散射和吸收以及大气气体吸收所造成的衰减.结合毫米波测云雷达数据处理的实际需要,研究云中衰减系数k与雷达反射率因子Z的关系.假设粒子为小球形,云、雨滴谱分别服从K-M分布和Γ分布,通过模拟...     

On determining the geometric and kinematic characteristics of coherent flow structures over a gravel bed: a new approach using combined PLIF‐PIV

In gravel‐bed rivers, the microtopography of the bed is known to exert a significant influence on the generation of turbulent flow structures that owe their origin to fluid shear generated near the bed. Although field and laboratory measurements have indicated that flows over gravel beds contain a range of coherent flow structures, the kinematic and dynamic properties of these structures are still poorly understood. This paper describes a new experimental methodology to quantify simultaneously both the kinematic and dynamic characteristics of coherent flow structures based upon combined planar laser‐induced fluorescence and particle imaging velocimetry (PLIF‐PIV). The results confirm that the primary generative mechanism of coherent flow structures is at the bed, where merging hairpin vortices form around bed clasts and generate larger‐scale fluid motions that advect downstream. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Advantages of the analytic element method for the solution of groundwater management problems

In the simulation‐optimization approach, a coupled optimization and groundwater flow/transport model is used to solve groundwater management problems. The efficiency of the numerical method, which is used to simulate the groundwater flow, is one the major reason to obtain the best solution for a management problem. This study was carried out to examine the advantages of the analytic element method (AEM) in the simulation‐optimization approach, for the solution of groundwater management problems. For this study, the AEM and finite difference method (FDM) based flow models were developed and coupled with the particle swarm optimization (PSO)‐based optimization model. Furthermore, the AEM‐PSO and FDM‐PSO models developed were applied in hypothetical as well as real field conditions to address groundwater management problems and the results were compared. For the real field situation, the models developed were applied to the Dore River basin in France to minimize the installation and operational cost of new pumping wells taking the location and discharge of the pumping wells as decision variables. The constraints of the problem were identified with the help of stakeholders and water authority officials. The AEM flow model was developed to facilitate the management model particularly when at each iteration, the optimization model calls for a simulation model to calculate the values of groundwater heads. The results show that, at some points, the AEM‐PSO model is efficient in identifying the optimal location of wells and consequently results in optimal costs, sometimes difficult when using the FDM. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

后注浆刚性桩复合地基的工程实践

某高层建筑物原设计为人工挖孔扩底桩基础,施工过程中由于土层软弱以及地下水影响无法扩底成桩。本文介绍了对上述工程实施的大直径刚性桩复合地基设计方案,该方案利用后注浆技术提高了人工挖孔桩单桩承载力。基桩检测和建筑物沉降观测结果表明该工程地基处理方案是成功的。     

一次积层混合云飞机播云对云微物理过程影响效应的分析

人工增雨效果评估主要关注的是催化后云和降水过程是否产生了预期的变化,这首先表现在云和降水的宏微观过程有无明显变化,因此了解播云作业后的云微物理结构的变化是很必要的.2009年4月18日在河北张家口进行了一次飞机播云实验,本文采用飞机探测所取得的PMS资料,分析了播云对云微物理过程影响,并进行了云物理因子综合研究.结果表明:催化后播云高度上液态含水量大幅度降低,粒子平均直径由催化前20.4μm增大到23.9 μm;云中粒子谱结构也发生很大的变化,催化后冰晶减少,降水尺度粒子显著增加;而且在播云1小时后影响区地面累计降雨量达到最大.